克里斯蒂娜——阿根廷首位民选女总统

2007年10月28日,在阿根廷总统大选中,执政联盟"胜利阵线"总统候选人、现总统基什内尔的夫人、参议员克里斯蒂娜·费尔南德斯最终以45.29%、比主要竞争对手埃里萨·卡里奥高出22个百分点的得票率,当选阿根廷历史上第一位民选女总统.     

"和平使命-2007":大国心态各异

战略是政略的延伸,和平年代大国博弈重在造势,"和平使命-2007"举世关注.透过纷繁喧闹的表象,研判大国间的攻防,对于此次军演,俄中美又各自潜藏着什么样的战略考虑呢?     

China's nuclear command, control and operations

The issues of China's nuclear command, control and operationsare a secret dominion and lack serious discussions due to thedearth of available literature. In this article, the authorargues that China's command, control and communications systemssuffer technological problems, despite the efforts being made.Owing to technological progress, China's strategic and tacticalnuclear targetting plans are versatile, but its current strikingcapability is insufficient. The potential use of tactical nuclearweapons, which China has been developing for decades, couldcontradict China's no first use commitment. In a nutshell, theauthor is convinced that China's nuclear posture is more aggressivethan its oft-cited policies, and the Chinese are constantlypreparing for a more offensive nuclear posture against othernuclear powers, although China's nuclear operational capabilityis still far behind. Received for publication October 5, 2005. Accepted for publication March 1, 2006.     

“放管服”改革的行政法意义及其完善

与先前行政审批制度改革相比,党的十八大以来大力推进的"放管服"改革更加强调权力调整的动态性、整体性、系统性,其对于优化政府职责、转变监管方式、深入推进国家治理体系和能力现代化具有明显的积极意义。但此轮"放管服"改革依然沿袭了行政审批制度改革的运动化、政策化思路,并不完全符合法治政府建设的基本要求。从职权法定、监管工具的动态调整、优化公共服务的基本法则三个方面,"放管服"改革的行政法意义和合法性风险可以得到更加清晰的呈现。要提升"放管服"改革的法治品性,需要以《行政许可法》的有效实施为核心,通过设立专门的社会化的"放管服"改革委员会、激活行政许可评价制度、引入更广泛的专家和社会参与、完善试验改革的授权制度、优化规制工具分析评价制度几个方面来实现。     

Can We Make Accurate Long-term Predictions About Patterns of De-escalation in Offending Behavior?

This study consists of a comparative analysis of patterns of de-escalation between ages 17–18 and 32, based on data from two well-known prospective longitudinal studies, the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (a study of 411 working-class males in London) and the Montreal Two Samples Longitudinal Study (a sample of 470 adjudicated French-Canadian males). Analyses focus on within-individual change, with individuals serving as their own controls. In this regard, the magnitude of measured change is relative to the past degree of involvement in offending. These results are contrasted with predictors of between-individual differences in offending behavior at age 32. We investigate the respective roles of cognitive predispositions and social bonds in the prediction of patterns of de-escalation, and assess whether it is possible to make relatively long-term predictions (over a 15-year period) about offending in adulthood. Findings suggest that traditional measures of social bonds and cognitive predispositions measured at age 17–18 are generally weak predictors of de-escalation up to age 32. However, these measures are stronger predictors of between-individual differences in offending gravity. These findings highlight the difficulties in making accurate long-term predictions about changes in individual offending patterns early in the criminal career.

个人信息匿名化处理法律标准探究

个人信息匿名化处理法律制度作为联通个人信息保护与个人信息流通利用的制度桥梁,能够以一种隐私友好的方式满足社会的信息需求.我国现行"无法识别特定个人且不能复原"的匿名化处理法律标准缺乏可操作性,难以有效规范匿名化处理实践.我国可以确立操作方法标准与识别风险检验标准协同的匿名化处理法律标准:关于操作方法标准,可以在技术领域...     

The Impact of Prenatal Exposure to Power Plant Emissions on Birth Weight: Evidence from a Pennsylvania Power Plant Located Upwind of New Jersey

To examine the infant health impact of prenatal exposure to power plant emissions, we draw scientific evidence on the impacted region downwind of a large polluter, a coal‐fired power plant located on the border of two states and proven to be the sole contributor to the violation of air quality standards of the impacted region. Our results show that among all live singleton births that occurred during 1990 through 2006, those born to mothers living as far as 20 to 30 miles away downwind from the power plant (which is also an affluent region) during pregnancy are at greater risks of low birth weight (LBW) and very low birth weight (VLBW): the likelihoods of LBW and VLBW could increase approximately by 6.50 and 17.12 percent, respectively. In light of the continual efforts of The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in reducing cross‐state air pollution caused by transboundary power plant emissions, our study is aimed at broadening the scope of cross‐border pollution impact analysis by taking into account adverse infant health effects of upwind polluters, which can impose disproportionate burdens of health risks on downwind states due to air pollutants transported by wind.     

Changing arenas for agricultural climate change adaptation in Vietnam

Great changes are underway in how climate and agricultural risks are managed in Vietnam. Uncertainties are emerging regarding the role of the state in managing these risks and what this implies for assumptions regarding hoped-for climate change transformations. Local government control is waning in relation to the expanding roles of the private sector and the growing autonomy of farmers themselves. This article presents cases that illustrate the ways that farmers, private investors, and local authorities are responding to climate risk within roles relating to the other risks involving markets, food security, and pressures on common property resources.     

我国电子警务建设的回顾和前瞻

经过二十多年的不懈探索和努力,我国电子警务建设取得了令人瞩目的成就。如今,电子警务体系已具雏形,实践应用初显成效。然而,随着建设工作的步步深入,也暴露出一些值得关注和急待解决的问题,如信息资源整合度不高、重形式轻实效、重硬件投资轻软件创新等。公安部门应进一步提高认识,加强电子警务规律研究以及统筹规划和协调工作,注重实用效能和人才培养,确保电子警务建设迅速健康发展。     

论公益诉讼实现的可能路径

公益诉讼目前主要是停留在理论探讨层面上,虽然社会公益诉讼事件日益增多,但多处于尴尬的局面.应结合我国公益诉讼的现状,提出可能的路径选择,对公益诉讼面临的理论桎梏以及司法实践的可操作性差的问题进行突破.