新加坡医疗保障体系运行机制及现状评述

新加坡政府创造性的建立了储蓄型医疗保险制度,取得了较好的效果。本文通过对新加坡保健储蓄计划、健保双全计划、乐龄保健计划和保健基金运行机制分析,发现新加坡医疗保障体系具有以"个人负责"作为制度设计总理念,精细化管理,体现公平正义理念,具有服务型社会治理内涵,进行积极调节,具有激励约束机制的特点。     

microRNA的检测技术及其法医学应用前景

microRNA（miRNA）是一类由18～25个核苷酸构成的非编码小分子RNA，在转录后水平调控基因的表达。miRNA的表达具有高度保守性、时序性和组织特异性。随着其检测技术的逐渐成熟，miRNA被引入到法医学的研究中。新近研究表明，miRNA在法医学体液鉴定、种属鉴定和PMI推断等方面有一定的应用前景。本文简述miRNA检测技术的发展，并对其在法医学中的应用及前景进行综述，以期为相关研究及实践提供参考。     

How to improve china’s witness protection system: an evaluation on protection of witness in the amendment to the criminal procedure law of china

If the personal and property security of witnesses themselves and their family members could not be protected effectively, witnesses may be reluctant to testify, to present in court, or to give truthful testimony. However, the witness protection system provided by China’s legislation is porous, and the implementation of the current witness protection system in practice is not satisfactory, which causes the serious consequence that a witness is unwilling to testify or does not dare to be present in court. An important measure should be adopted to improve the witness protection system in providing practical and comprehensive protection for witnesses in China. The provisions on the protection of witnesses in the drafted amendment to the Criminal Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China is more advanced than the current law, but still too simple and not enough, which cannot change the weak situation of protection of witnesses, and are needed to be strengthened in judicial interpretations after the drafted amendment is passed. Perfection of China’s witness protection system is necessary in practice, which is still dependent on the reform of the judicial system and the working mechanism in China even if the drafted amendment was passed afterwards. China shall apply the provisions in the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the UN Convention against Corruption Convention as a guide and absorb other countries’ and regions’ experience to improve its witness protection system, but the basic point is that it should be based on China’s realities, and localize the specific systems.     

内部资料性出版物价值探究

内部资料性出版物的出版物性质不容置疑,价值重大,长期以来,在社会生活中发挥重要作用.要重视对它的价值研究并加强管理,使其走上规范化、职业化、现代化、多样化的道路.     

亚洲槟榔文化圈探析

槟榔文化的形成和发展与槟榔自身特殊的属性、当地的地理环境以及审美观念等均有密切关系。自古以来,中国、东南亚与南亚一带的居民就养成了嚼食槟榔的生活习惯,并形成了与槟榔有关的习俗和文化。由于近代以来自然环境改变、医药卫生科学知识普及、审美观念、婚俗变化以及新嗜好品的出现,槟榔在一些地区已经退出市场,但许多国家和地区至今仍然保留嚼食槟榔的习俗。     

GC/MS法测定人体血液和肾、肝组织中的丙泊酚

目的 采用气相色谱/质谱法检测人体血液和肾、肝组织中的丙泊酚.方法 心血和肾、肝组织中的丙泊酚经环己烷提取,采用气相色谱/质谱法,丙泊酚选择m/z 163、178,内标百里香酚选择m/z 150、135进行测定;并考察方法专属性、线性范围、定量线与检出限、回收率与精密度.结果 丙泊酚的保留时间为8.17min,与内标百里香酚分离良好;其在心血和肾、肝组织中的检测浓度线性关系良好,r值均大于0.992,最低检测质量浓度分别为0.05 μg/mL、0.10μg/g及0.05 μg/g,方法回收率90％ ～ 110％,日内、日间RSD均小于7％.结论 本文方法简便、灵敏、快速,其准确度、精密度和回收率均可满足生物检材中丙泊酚浓度的测定,可在相关研究及实践中选用.     

大鼠脑外伤后脑组织MMP-9的表达与损伤时间相关性

目的观察大鼠脑外伤后脑组织MMP-9的表达规律,探讨其在损伤时间推断中的应用价值。方法健康SD大鼠75只,随机分为损伤组、假损伤组和正常对照组。损伤组采用自由落体方法建立脑损伤模型;致脑损伤后分10个时间点,采用HE染色观察损伤区的变化,采用免疫组化方法检测各时间点阳性细胞的种类和比值,并与假损伤组和对照组进行统计分析比较。结果免疫组化染色显示损伤组伤后1h可见中性粒细胞阳性着色,6h后可见神经细胞阳性染色并逐渐增强,伤后5d阳性细胞数达到峰值,而后开始减弱,14d基本消失。假损伤组和正常对照组未见阳性表达。将实验组中2h～7d阳性细胞比值与其它各时间点相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组各时间点与假损伤组和对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。统计分析结果见表1。结论损伤后MMP-9阳性表达的规律性,有望成为脑损伤时间判定的参考指标。     

FTA战略:韩国经济发展的加速器

FTA是自由贸易协定(Free Trade Agreement)的简称,指两个或两个以上的国家(包括独立关税地区)根据WTO相关规则,为实现相互之间的贸易自由化所进行的地区性贸易安排.由自由贸易协定的缔约方所形成的区域称为自由贸易区,区内各成员国之间取消商品货物贸易的关税和数量限制,使区域内各成员的商品实现完全自由流动.     

Determination of Adenosine Phosphates in Rat Gastrocnemius at Various Postmortem Intervals Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract: Although the change in adenosine phosphate levels in muscles may contribute to the development of rigor mortis, the relationship between their levels and the onset and development of rigor mortis has not been well elucidated. In the current study, levels of the adenosine phosphates including adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in gastrocnemius at various postmortem intervals of 180 rats from different death modes were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that the levels of ATP and ADP significantly decreased along with the postmortem period of rats from different death mode whereas the AMP level remained the same. In addition, it was found that changes in the ATP levels in muscles after death correlated well with the development of rigor mortis. Therefore, the ATP level could serve as a reference parameter for the deduction of rigor mortis in forensic science.