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241.
The Interactional and Discursive View of Violence and Resistance is a framework for critical analysis and research, prevention
and intervention that takes into account the conditions that enable personalized violence, the actions of perpetrators and
victims, and the language used in representing those actions. Using this analytic framework, we analyzed five accounts of
personalized violence, one each from a perpetrator, a psychiatrist, a judge, a government minister, and a therapist. Our results
demonstrate the scope and the ubiquity with which diverse accounts locally accomplish four-discursive-operations; namely,
the concealing of violence, obfuscating of perpetrators’ responsibility, concealing of victims’ resistance, and blaming and
pathologizing of victims. We examine the specific linguistic devices that combine to accomplish the four-discursive-operations
in each case. These data suggest that the problem of violence is inextricably linked to the problem of representation.
相似文献
Allan WadeEmail: |
242.
This study examines typologies of abusive behaviors among Afro-Trinidadian women. A total of 17 women participated in a 2-hour, face-to-face interview. The findings suggest that women experience multiple types of abuse including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and controlling behaviors. This article discusses the implications of the findings for interventions with abused women. 相似文献
243.
Conventional statistical inference requires that a model of how the data were generated be known before the data are analyzed.
Yet in criminology, and in the social sciences more broadly, a variety of model selection procedures are routinely undertaken
followed by statistical tests and confidence intervals computed for a “final” model. In this paper, we examine such practices
and show how they are typically misguided. The parameters being estimated are no longer well defined, and post-model-selection
sampling distributions are mixtures with properties that are very different from what is conventionally assumed. Confidence
intervals and statistical tests do not perform as they should. We examine in some detail the specific mechanisms responsible.
We also offer some suggestions for better practice and show though a criminal justice example using real data how proper statistical
inference in principle may be obtained. 相似文献
244.
Jennifer R. Havens Carl G. Leukefeld Carrie B. Oser Michele Staton-Tindall Hannah K. Knudsen Jennifer Mooney Jamieson L. Duvall Jennifer G. Clarke Linda Frisman Hilary L. Surratt James A. Inciardi 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2009,5(3):245-272
The purpose of this study was to examine the implementation, adherence and protocol fidelity for the Reducing Risky Relationships for HIV (RRR-HIV) study. The RRR-HIV study is a phase III trial of a randomized intervention to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among incarcerated women in four US states: Connecticut, Delaware, Kentucky and Rhode Island. The intervention consists of five interventionist-led prison-based group sessions and a sixth individual community-based session. Data on adherence, implementation, acceptability and fidelity of the intervention were obtained from forms completed after the five prison-based sessions by both the interventionist and participant. Data from the sixth session were collected by the interventionist. Of the 363 women recruited to date, 173 (47.6%) have been randomly allocated to the experimental RRR intervention, of which implementation measures were available for 162 (93.6%). Almost three-quarters of women attended all five sessions, each of which lasted a median of 90 minutes, indicating successful implementation of the protocol across multiple study sites. Interventionists and participants alike reported that all of the topics for each session were discussed, suggesting adherence to the protocol. In addition, protocol interventionists indicated that more than 95% of the women were engaged/involved, interested, and understood the materials presented, indicating high levels of acceptability among the participants and fidelity to the intervention protocols. The majority of participants also answered all of the post-test questions correctly, which is another strong indicator of the fidelity to the intervention. Results suggest that the RRR-HIV study has been successfully implemented across multiple study sites. Adherence to the protocol, as well as protocol fidelity and acceptability, were also strong, which is essential to establish prior to examining outcome data. 相似文献
245.
Linda J. Skitka 《Social Justice Research》2009,22(1):98-116
Scientific interest in the nature of how people think about justice and fairness began approximately 70 years ago with Stouffer’s
classic study on the American soldier. Since then there have been numerous theoretical frameworks and thousands of research
studies conducted on what people perceive as fair and the consequences of making a fairness judgment. The goal of this article
is to dig through the “lost and found” box of justice research in an attempt to re-examine where we have been, issues and
ideas we may have forgotten, and to gain insight on directions we may want to go in the future. The key rediscovery of this
review is that perspective matters. Specifically, how people interpret fairness depends critically on whether they are viewing
a situation in terms of their material, social, or moral needs and goals. The implications of adopting a contingent theory
of how people reason about fairness are discussed.
相似文献
Linda J. SkitkaEmail: |
246.
Linda Pagani Richard E. Tremblay Daniel Nagin Mark Zoccolillo Frank Vitaro Pierre McDuff 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(3):173-182
Using a French-Canadian population-based longitudinal data set, we examine the impact of socioeconomic factors (paternal education
and family structure); inherent individual factors (child gender and developmental trajectories of physical aggression from
early to later childhood, problematic substance use), family environment (concurrent parent-child involvement, parental problematic
substance use), and prospective and concurrent parenting process variables (mean parental supervision at puberty, concurrent
punishment practices) as predictors of adolescent-directed aggression against fathers (in the last 6 months). A childhood
behavioral pattern characterized by physical aggression showed the highest risk of adolescent-directed verbal and physical
aggression toward fathers, regardless of sex. In terms of parental practices, verbal (and not corporal) punishment in the
last 6 months significantly predicted aggression toward fathers. A childhood life-course of violence is likely to culminate
in aggression toward fathers during adolescence. Beyond this risk, it seems that harsh verbal punishment by parents builds
up the odds of child-directed aggression against fathers. 相似文献
247.
Timothy Botello M.D. M.P.H. Thomas Noguchi M.D. Lakshmanan Sathyavagiswaran M.D. Linda E. Weinberger Ph.D. Bruce H. Gross M.B.A. J.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(4):924-926
The origin of the psychological autopsy was in the late 1950s and the result of a collaboration between the Los Angeles County Chief Medical Examiner‐Coroner's Office and the Los Angeles Suicide Prevention Center. It was conceptualized as a thorough retrospective analysis of the decedent's state of mind and intention at the time of death. It was used initially in “equivocal” deaths where the manner of death was possibly either suicide or accident. Later, it was used in cases where a party (primarily family members) protested the Medical Examiner‐Coroner's suicide determination. Over the past 25 years, the University of Southern California Institute of Psychiatry, Law, and Behavioral Science has served as the psychiatric/psychological consultants to the Coroner's Department. Research findings, the use of this approach in high‐profile cases, and the most recent manner in which the psychological autopsy is conducted are discussed. 相似文献
248.
249.
This study explored the relationship between self-reported past and present physical activity levels and high school adolescent women's self-image, sense of mastery, gender role identity, self-perceived physical ability, and self-perceived attractiveness. The Offer Self-image Questionnaire and the Bem Sex Role Inventory were administered to 149 high school adolescent women who were categorized as either physically active, physically inactive, decreasing in physical activity, or increasing physical activity. Results indicated the physically active group members reported self-image and coping characteristics that were significantly more positive than those reported by the physically inactive group members. They also reported significantly more masculine and feminine characteristics and higher physical ability ratings than inactive group members. The decreased activity group did not differ from any of the other groups. These results suggest that physical activity in adolescence, in comparison with physical inactivity, is associated with healthier emotional expression and emotional control, and higher levels of perceived mastery and coping skills for adolescent women. A decrease in physical activity over the course of adolescence does not necessarily result in psychological distress for adolescent women.Received Ph.D. in counseling psychology from Michigan State University. Major interests are concepts of the self, psychological health, and developmental psychology.Received Ph.D. in sport psychology from The Pennsylvania State University. Current research interests include social cognitions in sport and physical activity and the role of sport and physical activity in adolescent development. 相似文献
250.
Linda Kouvaras 《澳大利亚女权主义者研究》1994,9(20):119-129