DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics: Recommendations on the interpretation of mixtures

The DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG) was convened at the 21st congress of the International Society for Forensic Genetics held between 13 and 17 September in the Azores, Portugal. The purpose of the group was to agree on guidelines to encourage best practice that can be universally applied to assist with mixture interpretation. In addition the commission was tasked to provide guidance on low copy number (LCN) reporting. Our discussions have highlighted a significant need for continuing education and research into this area. We have attempted to present a consensus from experts but to be practical we do not claim to have conveyed a clear vision in every respect in this difficult subject. For this reason, we propose to allow a period of time for feedback and reflection by the scientific community. Then the DNA commission will meet again to consider further recommendations.     

日本"国家正常化":美国的对策

日本追求"国家正常化"运动的内涵深刻而广泛,已成为影响东北亚格局的一个重要因素。美国对于日本"国家正常化"的认识相对狭隘,集中反映出其对日政策重点从控制转为利用,期待通过对日本"国家正常化"的有限推进使之逐步成为美国的全球伙伴。但美国的对策与日本自身对"国家正常化"的战略期待存在差异,故美对策中隐含着难以克服的多种矛盾。     

文莱：2005年政治社会稳定 经济平稳增长

2005年文莱内阁改组顺利,政治社会稳定,世界石油价格的飞涨带动其以石油天然气为主要产业的经济继续平稳增长,政府实行的经济多元化发展战略取得了一定的成效。一、经济平稳增长(一)石油天然气出口继续带动经济增长2005年全球石油供应紧张,加上中东石油供应不畅,造成了世界石油     

长征结束后的第一次征集活动

几年前,国内一些报刊相继刊载了一则消息:有人在美国哈佛大学燕京图书馆,看到朱德签名赠给斯诺的《红军长征记》初版本。笔者以为,媒体之所以以此为新闻,概因此书是1942年在延安出版的党内参考资料,如今存世不多。其实,此书在陕西省档案馆早有保存,该馆资料室缪先生告诉笔者《,     

论青年马克思对近代西方人权观的批判与超越

近代西方人权思想家对于人权为谁拥有、人为何拥有人权、谁来认可或保障人权问题作出了自己的回答,而青年马克思在批判近代西方人权观的基础上用共产主义理论超越了近代西方人权理论。     

US Patent and Trademark Office refuses registration of flavour trade mark

In a case of first impression, the Trademark Trial and AppealBoard of the US Patent and Trademark Office has held that theflavour orange is not registrable for use with quick-dissolvingantidepressant tablets and pills.     

宽严相济政策的模式构建与实证研判

社会作为各种主体、关系、环节及场景的复杂多元系统,决定了和谐并非自然达成的状态,而需要一系列的策略、规则与机制作为保障.刑事法治以侵害社会整体利益的犯罪为规制对象,故选择何种刑事法治,对于达致社会之和谐状态具有重要影响,这在根本上是刑事政策模式的选择问题.宽严相济政策的实践模式通过与刑事法的良性互动与和谐共生,得以实现犯罪防控与人权保障之间的理想平衡,因而对于刑事法治的成效与和谐社会的建设具有重要意义.     

Total Innovation Management: a novel paradigm of innovation management in the 21st century

Based on an ecosystem view of innovation management and in-depth case studies of firms in China and abroad, a novel paradigm of innovation management—Total Innovation Management (TIM)—is put forward in this paper. This new paradigm draws on three distinct areas of recent research, namely the innovation theory of the firm, the resource-based view (RBV), and the complexity theory. It introduces the theoretical framework of TIM, and presents a tri-dimensional innovation strategy model, which includes all elements of innovation, all innovators, and innovation in all times and spaces, and aims at value added and created.     

S&;T Parks and business incubators in middle-sized countries: the case of greece

This paper links the policy context regarding S&T parks to the objectives and characteristics of the established parks and incubators in a relatively small, converging European country. S&T parks and incubators in Greece during the past decade and a half have gradually shifted in terms of ownership and management from university/research institute to the private sector and in terms of financing from public to private funds, also involving the provision of seed capital and access to venture capital. This gradual shift toward more private engagement has created a variety of models out of which, it is hoped, successful innovative companies will emerge in larger numbers than in the past.

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Comments on the Comments

Abstract. The paper replies to Bix and Soper ( Bix 2007 ; Soper 2007 ). Bix's paper raises methodological questions, especially whether a form‐theorist merely needs to reflect on form from the arm‐chair so to speak. A variety of methods is called for, including conceptual analysis, study of usage, “education in the obvious,” general reflection on the nature of specific functional legal units, empirical research on their operation and effects, and still more. Further methodological remarks are made in response to Soper's paper. Soper suggests the possibility of substituting “form v. substance” of a unit as the central contrast here rather than form v. complementary material or other components of a unit. Various reasons are given here for not doing this. Among other things, it is also argued here that form does not, contrary to Soper's suggestion, always follow substance.