实时荧光定量PCR检测硅藻UPA基因在溺死诊断中的研究

目的建立硅藻UPA条形码基因的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法,探讨其在溺死诊断中的应用价值。方法对Gene Bank中登录的硅藻UPA基因序列进行比对获得同源序列,据其设计硅藻门通用引物。对2种人体常见共生菌(大肠杆菌、双歧杆菌)、3种浮游细菌、15种浮游藻类、32具尸体(其中生前溺水死亡28例,死后抛尸1例,陆地死亡3例)的组织样本(肺、肝、肾)及尸体发现地水样提取DNA,采用设计的引物进行特异性、灵敏度、重复性试验,分析检材中硅藻检出情况,统计硅藻阳性率,以上述组织样本的微波消解-真空抽滤-自动扫描电镜法检测结果对建立的q PCR检测方法进行比较评估,比较该方法与PCR-毛细管电泳检测法的灵敏度。结果引物UPA99仅对硅藻标准株(针杆藻、舟形藻、直链藻、小环藻、菱形藻)DNA具有扩增,扩增产物熔解曲线平稳,峰尖且窄,熔解温度为(87±1)℃。以p MD18-T重组质粒为标准品,检测区间为1.56×10~2-1.56×10^-5ng/μL,建立实时q PCR方法的灵敏度为1.56×10^-5ng/μL,而PCR-CE方法的灵敏度为1.56×10-3ng/μL。批间及批内变异系数均低于2%,具有较高的重复性和稳定性。对于生前溺水尸体肺、肝、肾的检出率依次为89.3%,71.4%,64.3%。结论基于硅藻UPA基因设计通用引物,建立的q PCR硅藻检验法特异性高、灵敏度高、重复性好,应用于溺死诊断具有较好的应用前景。     

国外科学基金立法及其对我国的启示

科学基金制是一种先进的现代科技管理制度,它在资助科学研究、发现和培养科学人才方面发挥着重要的作用。从国际上看,科学基金制均是建立在法律规范基础之上,发达国家的科学基金制经过上百年的探索与实践,已建立起一套较为完整的法律保障体系。本文就国外科学基金立法的主要特点及其对我国科学基金立法的启示谈点管蠡之见。     

教唆犯罪中止形态相关问题研究

理论上的复杂性与实践中的模糊性,使得教唆犯罪中止形态的研究成为刑法学领域的“绝望之章”。对于相关问题的深入研究表明,“教唆犯罪的中止形态”是关于教唆犯罪过程中因行为人自动中止其犯罪行为而导致的犯罪停止形态的最为科学、准确的表述;从狭义的共犯独立性说的立场出发,教唆犯罪中止形态的成立标准应当为教唆者在教唆过程中的主动中止行为,被教唆者的行为形态与此并无必然联系;对于目前尚未引起理论界重视的“中止的教唆”与“教唆的中止”,有必要进一步予以明晰。     

Evaluating suspected co-proxamol overdose.

In three instances of suicidal poisoning by co-proxamol (paracetamol and dextropropoxyphene) blood samples were obtained from 11 sites together with eight tissue samples, bile, urine, gastric contents and duodenal contents. Site-dependent differences in blood propoxyphene concentration varied between the three cases but concentrations were consistently lowest in peripheral blood and highest in central sites: 3.9-5.5 (pulmonary vein) mg/l; 4.6-25 (pulmonary vein) mg/l; 3.2-40 (aorta) mg/l. There was a less than twofold variation in corresponding blood paracetamol concentrations. Reference data on fatal propoxyphene blood concentrations do not specify the blood sampling site and can be misleading. The intra-individual variability of propoxyphene concentrations in blood in these three cases underscores this problem. Tissue concentrations of propoxyphene showed considerable inter-individual variability in degree and pattern. Tissue concentrations of paracetamol showed a less than twofold intra-individual variation. Body drug loads were calculated by two methods: from organ weights and tissue concentrations; from published volume of distribution data (Vd). For paracetamol the body drug load is underestimated by the organ weight calculation but the Vd calculation approximates the suspected dose based on anamnestic information. For propoxyphene the body drug load is seriously underestimated by the organ weight calculation and overestimated up to 2.5 times by the Vd calculation. Since the two drugs have a fixed ratio in co-proxamol then the dose of propoxyphene (the effective lethal agent) can be inferred from the paracetamol dose calculated by Vd. This approach may be applicable to cases of overdose with other compounded drug preparations.     

论党的干部工作从战争思维到执政思维的转变

在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的新的历史时期,迫切需要党的干部工作完成从战争思维向执政思维的转变。完成这一转变,既是干部制度改革的基础性环节,也是进一步深化干部制度改革的必要前提。     

新时期农村警务探索

农村经济建设的发展对农村警务方式提出了新的要求,本文就开展“警民共建文明村”活动,试图对新时期的农村警务加以探讨。     

Recovery of genomic DNA from archived PCR product mixes for subsequent multiplex amplification and typing of additional loci: forensic significance for older unsolved criminal cases

A method for genomic DNA recovery from different types of PCR product mixes suitable for multiplex amplification and typing using the Profiler Plus STR typing system has been investigated. The application of this method is of significance in cases where the original DNA samples have been exhausted due to repeated typing analyses in an effort to maximize their evidentiary value. Such cases typically involve samples analyzed using the available DNA typing systems of the time which gave a markedly lower power of discrimination, either alone or in combination, compared to that of modern multiplex STR typing systems. It was found that an effective method for recovering genomic DNA from HLA-DQA1 +PM and CTT triplex amplification mixes, suitable for reproducible achievement of the complete Profiler Plus profile, involved the use of Amicon Microcon-100 microconcentrators. Interestingly, this method was not required to achieve the complete nine STR profile using D1S80 amplification mixes.     

论邓小平理论的实践运用与发展

以江泽民同志为代表的第三代中央领导集体 ,创造性地以邓小平理论进行了大胆实践运用和发展 ,实践证明 ,党中央第三代领导集体以“三个代表”重要思想为旗帜 ,以邓小平同志的党建思想、经济思想、文化思想及治国方略等理论与中国社会实践成功结合 ,取得了显著的理论和实践新成果。     

加大法律监控力度，严密禁毒立法网络－－从中国首例网上出售冰毒配方案谈中国禁毒立法之细化

20 0 2年月 5日中国破获首例网上出售冰毒案。我国刑法所规定的毒品犯罪的 12个具体罪名中 ,没有关于出售制毒配方方面的规定。制毒配方是生产合成型毒品不可缺少的部分 ,为防止合成型毒品在我国生产和消费的泛滥 ,笔者认为 ,加大法律监控力度 ,严密禁毒立法网络 ,细化我国禁毒立法十分有必要