排序方式: 共有103条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Gianpiero Boatto M.D. Claudia Trignano M.D. Lucia Burrai M.D. Andrea Spanu M.D. Maria Nieddu Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(Z1):S231-S233
In some countries, it is illegal to drive with any detectable amount of alcohol in blood; in others, the legal limit is 0.5 g/L or lower. Recently, some defendants charged with driving under the influence of alcohol and have claimed that positive breath alcohol test results were due to the ingestion of homeopathic mother tinctures. These preparations are obtained by maceration, digestion, infusion, or decoction of herbal material in hydroalcoholic solvent. A series of tests were conducted to evaluate the alcoholic content of three homeopathic mother tinctures and their ability to produce inaccurate breath alcohol results. Nine of 30 subjects gave positive results (0.11–0.82 g/L) when tests were taken within 1 min after drinking mother tincture. All tests taken at least 15 min after the mother tincture consumption and resulted in alcohol-free readings. An observation period of 15–20 min prior to breath alcohol testing eliminates the possibility of false-positive results. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
15.
Caterina Bosco MD Lucia Tattoli MD PhD Giancarlo Di Vella MD PhD Francesco Ventura MD PhD Alfredo Verde PsyD PhD Gabriele Rocca MD PhD 《Journal of forensic sciences》2021,66(1):407-412
The discovery of mummified bodies in domestic settings is not unusual in the medico‐legal context. It is often a marker of social isolation, even in our urban modern society, and usually occurs among elderly people living alone or in precarious conditions. However, bereaved subjects can sometimes be found managing their grief by deliberately keeping the corpses of their loved ones at home. Investigation of these atypical cases can be challenging and often requires a multidisciplinary effort by different forensic specialists. We report two cases of people who lived for several months with the mummified remains of a relative. In both cases, the judge ordered a forensic psychiatry assessment of the survivors’ competency and the reasons for this peculiar behavior, which is regarded as abnormal in our society. Case 1 describes a shared psychosis, which developed out of a condition of extreme seclusion of the entire family. Case 2 shows that even a mild personality disorder on which a series of traumatic events operates can trigger psychotic decompensation, causing extreme denial of the reality of death. The analysis of these cases contributes to our knowledge of the scantly studied phenomenon of “Living with the Dead” and raises questions about the psychopathology behind it. It is useful to identify subjects who are more prone to developing this “deviant” behavior, in order to distinguish people with mental illness from those who merely want to profit from the death of a loved one. 相似文献
16.
17.
Friends You Can Trust: A Signaling Theory of Interest Group Litigation Before the U.S. Supreme Court
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Law & society review》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
How do interest groups influence U.S. Supreme Court justices to vote in favor of their preferred outcomes? Following prior research on the influence of the Solicitor General, we develop and expand on the signaling theory of interest group influence via amicus curie briefs. We argue that an interest group's ideological reputation and the nature of the ideological signal it sends in its brief both function as powerful heuristics that convey information to the justices depending on the justices' own ideological preferences. When an organization files an amicus brief advocating for an outcome seemingly contrary to its traditional preferences (i.e., an unexpected signal), this signal should be more noticeable and credible than a signal in accordance with a group's conventional views (i.e., an expected signal). However, unexpected signals should have greater influence on justices who share the brief filer's preferences. We test our signaling theory on the terms from 1991 through 2002. We find that unexpected signals (but not expected signals) are associated with Supreme Court voting, and the influence of unexpected signals appears to be particularly strong among justices who share the ideological preferences of the brief filer. 相似文献
18.
There has been relatively little change over recent decades in the methods used in research on self-reported delinquency.
Face-to-face interviews and self-administered interviews in the classroom are still the predominant alternatives envisaged.
New methods have been brought into the picture by recent computer technology, the Internet, and an increasing availability
of computer equipment and Internet access in schools. In the autumn of 2004, a controlled experiment was conducted with 1,203
students in Lausanne (Switzerland), where “paper-and-pencil” questionnaires were compared with computer-assisted interviews
through the Internet. The experiment included a test of two different definitions of the (same) reference period. After the
introductory question (“Did you ever...”), students were asked how many times they had done it (or experienced it), if ever,
“over the last 12 months” or “since the October 2003 vacation”. Few significant differences were found between the results
obtained by the two methods and for the two definitions of the reference period, in the answers concerning victimisation,
self-reported delinquency, drug use, failure to respond (missing data). Students were found to be more motivated to respond
through the Internet, take less time for filling out the questionnaire, and were apparently more confident of privacy, while
the school principals were less reluctant to allow classes to be interviewed through the Internet. The Internet method also
involves considerable cost reductions, which is a critical advantage if self-reported delinquency surveys are to become a
routinely applied method of evaluation, particularly so in countries with limited resources. On balance, the Internet may
be instrumental in making research on self-reported delinquency far more feasible in situations where limited resources so
far have prevented its implementation.
Sonia Lucia obtained a Master’s degree in criminology at the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Law at the University of Lausanne. Since 2003, she has been working on a project of juvenile delinquency in Switzerland and has been involved in an international project on juvenile delinquency [International Self-reported Delinquency-2 (ISRD2) study]. She is also working on a PhD thesis on bullying. Leslie Herrmann is trained in psychology and obtained a Master’s degree in criminology at the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Law at the University of Lausanne. Since 2004, she has been working on a project of juvenile delinquency in Switzerland. She is also working on a PhD thesis on the relationship between school and delinquency. Martin Killias is Professor of Criminology and Criminal Law at the University of Lausanne. Trained in law and sociology, he has published material in various areas of criminal law and criminology. His special interest is comparative research, such as the International Crime Victimization Survey, European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics and International Self-Reported Juvenile Delinquency Project. 相似文献
Sonia LuciaEmail: |
Sonia Lucia obtained a Master’s degree in criminology at the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Law at the University of Lausanne. Since 2003, she has been working on a project of juvenile delinquency in Switzerland and has been involved in an international project on juvenile delinquency [International Self-reported Delinquency-2 (ISRD2) study]. She is also working on a PhD thesis on bullying. Leslie Herrmann is trained in psychology and obtained a Master’s degree in criminology at the Institute of Criminology and Criminal Law at the University of Lausanne. Since 2004, she has been working on a project of juvenile delinquency in Switzerland. She is also working on a PhD thesis on the relationship between school and delinquency. Martin Killias is Professor of Criminology and Criminal Law at the University of Lausanne. Trained in law and sociology, he has published material in various areas of criminal law and criminology. His special interest is comparative research, such as the International Crime Victimization Survey, European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics and International Self-Reported Juvenile Delinquency Project. 相似文献
19.
20.
Is development best achieved by going for growth, or does specific attention need to be paid to directly improving human welfare? In contrast to the Human Development Reports of the UNDP, the World Bank has stressed the growth approach. Recent work has reinforced this position by arguing that health spending is extremely ineffective in reducing infant or child mortality, which is mainly explained by a country's income per capita. This article contests this position through testing the robustness of determinants of infant and child mortality. We have estimated over 420,000 equations which show that, while income per capita is a robust determinant of infant and child mortality, so are indicators of health, education and gender inequality. Some health spending, such as immunisation, is thus shown to be cost effective way of saving lives. Our results are consistent with the view that much health spending in developing countries may be poorly targeted or otherwise ineffective, but do not support the position that public health strategies should not be given too great a role in pursuing improvements in human welfare. 相似文献