生产关系的形式多种多样比较好--邓小平社会主义经济体制改革思想的重要标志

七千人大会以后,国民经济进入全面调整时期.与此相适应,农业政策也进入全面调整时期.在这个大背景下,邓小平明确提出"生产关系的形式多种多样比较好"这一基本思想观点,这是邓小平社会主义经济体制改革思想在"前十年"萌芽的一个主要标志.     

成都汉族、甘肃东乡族群体D10S1432和D10S1213 位点的遗传多态性分析

目的本研究的目的是了解人类基因组中D10S1432及D10S1213两个STR位点在成都汉族和甘肃东乡族群体中的遗传多态性分布及两个群体之间的关系。方法采用PCR、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及银染技术,共调查了209例样本。结果在D10S1432位点上观察到5个等位基因,15种基因型。在D10S1213位点上观察到9个等位基因,31种基因型。两位点的基因型频率在调查的两个群体中的分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律（P>0.05）。经统计,D10S1432在这两个群体中的杂合度为0.664和0.737,个人识别几率为0.827和0.820。D10S1213的杂合度为0.664和0.657,个人识别几率为0.836和0.882。结论结果表明,D10S1432和D10S1213两个位点在法医学个人识别和亲子鉴定中有较高应用价值。     

刑事自诉制度重构刍议

目前的刑事自诉制度是随着新的《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》的颁布而建立起来的。应当说 ,中国的刑事自诉制度的立法初衷是美好的 ,但是在具体的司法实践操作中 ,这种制度已日见其弊端 ,而产生这些问题的根源在于司法权力的不合理分配。要解决司法权力的合理分配问题 ,在于加强检察机关由法律所赋予的各项职能 ,而这一点正是重新构筑新的刑事自诉制度的关键。     

Rupture of the spleen or splenic vessels (splenic emergency syndrome) in late pregnancy: a report of two autopsy cases

During the years 2004-2006, seven divers, who had deadly accidents, underwent post-mortem examination at the Institute of Legal Medicine of the University of Munich. The cause of death in all divers was drowning with typical pathomorphological findings. This should be regarded as separated to the triggering reason for drowning. The trigger for accident was established in four of seven cases by technical analysis and police investigation. High risk-taking, lack of technical service, and deficiency of dive equipment care were main reasons for death. We present two of these cases which showed several problems occurring concurrently. Autopsy always is necessary to look for indices for application of force or to exclude competitive reasons for death.     

THE IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COLLEGE INSTRUCTORS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC AND LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES

Based on a novel data set that links college administrative information with earnings records from a state college system for both public two‐year and four‐year colleges, this study quantifies the impacts of exposure to different types of instructors during students’ initial semester in college on their subsequent academic and labor market outcomes. To minimize bias from student sorting by type of instructor, we combine course‐set fixed effects with an instrumental variables approach that exploits term‐by‐term fluctuations in faculty composition in each department, therefore controlling for both between‐ and within‐course sorting. The findings suggest that two‐year students, particularly racial minority students, have substantially higher levels of exposure to adjuncts with temporary appointments than four‐year students. Two‐year students taking a heavy course schedule with temporary adjuncts are adversely affected in college persistence and subsequent credit accumulation, and the penalty is particularly pronounced among males and racial minority students with stronger academic potential. Such negative impacts on academic outcomes do not translate into poorer short‐ to medium‐term labor market performance. In the four‐year setting, no significant distinction is identified between different types of instructors on either student academic or labor market outcomes.     

试论美国法院判决书的查阅利用及借鉴意义

美国的法院体系具有双重性;美国法院判决书的格式有其自身的特点;查阅美国法院判决书应掌握一些方法;我国法院判决书应该借鉴美国法院判决书的说理透彻、语言优美、结构谨严等优点。     

论功能主义思想之于西方法社会学发展的影响

作为法学与社会学两个学科结合的产物,西方法社会学在建立和发展的过程中,深受西方社会学理论流派与方法论思想的影响,功能主义思想就是对西方法社会学影响较深的一例,它分别从以下几个方面推动了西方法社会学的发展:第一,功能主义思想的引入改变了传统法学研究中注重分析法律结构内在的逻辑一致性的思维惯习,提供了从法律与外部世界的关系来考察法律的"外部"视角;第二,功能主义思想提供了从法律与社会整体的联系来考察法律问题的系统的视角;第三,功能主义思想中对"功能"内涵更为全面的阐释丰富了法社会学中的法律功能研究。     

文明实践与基层社会治理中的民情再造

新时代文明实践是畅通国家与社会之间精神通道的铸魂工程,也是基层社会民情再造的关键举措。有效推进新时代文明实践工作,不仅要关注制度与组织层面的运行过程,还要理解个体与情感维度的微观机制。借助空间、资源与行动三个向度的有效整合,文明实践形成了组织与制度层面的良序运行。引入互动仪式链理论,进一步分析组织行动中的情感机制,是理解文明实践微观机制的关键。在情感聚合、情感锦标赛、情感可视化三重机制之下,文明实践实现了情感链条转换、正向情感增能与情感过程管理,基层治理的民情基础也得以再造。情感视角的民情再造解读与"过程—机制"的双层分析,拓展了组织制度分析的局限,丰富了基层治理研究中的微观机制讨论。     

Normalization of the Health Claims System of Food Labeling in China

Health claims, as an important type of food nutrition labeling, its standardized system design do not exist in China. The article examined International Codex Alimentarius Commission’ sdefinition and category to health claims, integrated with the comparative analysis of concerning laws and regulations related with health claims in Australia and New Zealand, and the American standard of proof and examination and approval procedure about health claims. Finally this article is aimed at providing the template for health claims law, and searching the rational path of health claims legal systems, thus normalizing food health claims systems in our country.     

权益变动披露规则重构的反思

2019年《证券法》对权益变动披露规则在信息披露规则、慢走规则以及罚则标准进行了重构,自修订成果来看,平衡理论没有得到贯彻,收购预警机制的功能进一步彰显。信息披露规则应结合最新个案逐渐形成标准,慢走规则宜保留并转向责任的分担。限制表决权及大额罚款的行政处罚仍是违规责任承担的主要方式,未来没收违法所得应有适用空间,并可探索代表人民事诉讼作为重要的救济手段。