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901.
Wilson AS Janaway RC Holland AD Dodson HI Baran E Pollard AM Tobin DJ 《Forensic science international》2007,169(1):6-18
Despite an increasing literature on the decomposition of human remains, whether buried or exposed, it is important to recognise the role of specific microenvironments which can either trigger or delay the rate of decomposition. Recent casework in Northern England involving buried and partially buried human remains has demonstrated a need for a more detailed understanding of the effect of contrasting site conditions on cadaver decomposition and on the microenvironment created within the grave itself. Pigs (Sus scrofa) were used as body analogues in three inter-related taphonomy experiments to examine differential decomposition of buried human remains. They were buried at three contrasting field sites (pasture, moorland, and deciduous woodland) within a 15 km radius of the University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK. Changes to the buried body and the effect of these changes on hair and associated death-scene textile materials were monitored as was the microenvironment of the grave. At recovery, 6, 12 and 24 months post-burial, the extent of soft tissue decomposition was recorded and samples of fat and soil were collected for gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. The results of these studies demonstrated that (1) soil conditions at these three burial sites has a marked effect on the condition of the buried body but even within a single site variation can occur; (2) the process of soft tissue decomposition modifies the localised burial microenvironment in terms of microbiological load, pH, moisture and changes in redox status. These observations have widespread application for the investigation of clandestine burial and time since deposition, and in understanding changes within the burial microenvironment that may impact on biomaterials such as hair and other associated death scene materials. 相似文献
902.
Over the past twenty years, Medicare has been transformed from a single-payer insurer into a hybrid of complementary public and private insurance arrangements. Despite creating ongoing controversy, these changes have resulted in an ironic and largely overlooked strategic potential: Medicare's evolving hybrid form makes it the most promising vehicle for overcoming the historical obstacles to universal health insurance in the United States. To make this surprising case, we first explore the distinctive political dynamics of programs that, like today's Medicare, are hybrids of public and private arrangements. We then consider how these political dynamics might circumvent past barriers to universal health insurance. Finally, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of alternative pathways through which Medicare could be expanded to promote health security. 相似文献
903.
Barni F Berti A Pianese A Boccellino A Miller MP Caperna A Lago G 《Forensic science international》2007,167(1):87-92
Allele frequencies for the 15 autosomal STR loci included in the AmpFlSTR((R)) IdentifilerTM PCR Amplification Kit panel from Applied Biosystems (D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D19S433, D2S1338, D16S539) and several statistical parameters were estimated from a sample of 103 unrelated individuals, mostly Shia and Sunni Arabs, living in most of central and southern Iraq provinces. We compared the allele frequency spectrum detected in the Iraqi population to allele frequencies from 11 other data sets from published studies of individuals from Turkey, Iraqi-Kurdistan, Saudi Arabia, Arab Emarates, Oman, Iran, Syria, and Jordan. Significant global differences in allele frequencies were detected in 9 of the 11 comparisons following sequential Bonferroni corrections. Comparisons with the two independent panels from Saudi Arabia were not significant after applying Bonferroni corrections, however, low P-values (P<0.05) associated with these two contrasts nonetheless suggested that at least slight genetic differences between populations may exist. 相似文献
904.
Mark Findlay 《Asian Journal of Criminology》2007,2(1):47-56
This paper will take as its empirical foundation the author’s experience of corruption and regulation in small Pacific island
states. The argument is that notions of corruption and strategies for its regulation suitable for modernized societies, which
lack cultural specificity and community engagement, may in fact stimulate corruption relationships in transitional cultures.
The other consequence of the imposition of inappropriate definitions and regulation strategies is a profound misunderstanding
of communities of dependence. In fact, corruption control can misconstrue and exacerbate economic and political dependence
environments, fostering the conditions for corruption which accompany socio-economic development. Two remedies are suggested.
First, corruption requires an appreciation which is ‘community-centered’, while at the same time not being neutralized by
disconnected cultural relativity. Second, an enterprise theory of corruption in modernized societies and international political/commercial
entities may assist in the relevant translation of global anti-corruption policies in a way which advances good governance
in traditional communities. This is so when corruption is conceived as dependant on phases of modernization, and the tensions
which arise when the interests of societies at different phases intersect. Corporate citizenship and compliance with anti-corrupt
business practices by major corporations with a commercial interest in these transitional economies may be more beneficial
than deference to uniform international codes of governance.
相似文献
Mark FindlayEmail: |
905.
Georgios A. Antonopoulos Georgios Papanicolaou Mark Simpson 《Trends in Organized Crime》2010,13(1):31-45
The purpose of this article is to provide an account of the social organisation of the ecstasy market in Greece. Concern about
ecstasy production, distribution and use in Greece has risen since ecstasy appeared in the country in the early to mid-1990s,
and continues to be fuelled by media reports which reinforce the perception that there are huge profits for traders. Moreover,
the Greek authorities have adopted a ‘war on drug’ rhetoric when it comes to ecstasy trafficking. Thus, the fact that such
mentalities are commonplace, while the knowledge deficit about the particular market remains gaping, makes it an imperative
to examine the structure and dynamics of the ecstasy market in the country. We aim here to provide an account of the ‘extent’
and nature of the ecstasy market in Greece as well as a presentation of the ‘actors’ involved. We also explicitly focus on
the issue of price of ecstasy tablets in the country, which we regard as key to the understanding of the logic of this particular
market. Our investigation of various aspects of the market concludes with a number of more systematic observations regarding
the particular business. 相似文献
906.
Mark Turner 《Computer Law & Security Report》2010,26(6):659-664
The regular article tracking developments at the national level in key European countries in the area of IT and communications – co-ordinated by Herbert Smith LLP and contributed by firms across Europe. This column provides a concise alerting service of important national developments in key European countries. Part of its purpose is to complement the Journal's feature articles and briefing notes by keeping readers abreast of what is currently happening “on the ground” at a national level in implementing EU level legislation and international conventions and treaties. Where an item of European National News is of particular significance, CLSR may also cover it in more detail in the current or a subsequent edition. 相似文献
907.
The long running and unhappy divorce litigation between Mr andMrs Mubarak has finally reached a reasonably happy conclusionin the Royal Court of Jersey. In a well reasoned decision, theDeputy Bailiff has set out the guiding principles to be appliedwhen considering whether orders made by a foreign Court oughtto be enforced or given effect to in Jersey. Whilst undoubtedlyhelpful, the guidance also provides a salutary warning to foreignlitigants seeking access to assets within Jersey trusts thatthey are in for a bumpy ride. 相似文献
908.
Heather Tolland Tracey McKee Sarah Cosgrove Mark Gillespie Lesley Paterson 《The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology》2019,30(4):570-593
Women in secure forensic mental health care require therapy and care that is responsive to their specific needs. Despite the policy recognition that women require a distinct service, evidence based practice is not available for this population. This review was undertaken in response to a clinical need within a medium secure unit in Glasgow that was experiencing high levels of challenging behaviour, in a female ward. The review aimed to identify effective strategies or interventions for the management of challenging behaviour in women in secure services and, therefore, improve practice and patient care. A synthesis of the findings from the 11 identified studies revealed variability in the approaches used to support women in forensic services, including: behavioural programmes; organisational change with a focus on staff training and support; medication; ECT and mechanical restraint. The challenging behaviours assessed included self-harm; physical and verbal aggression; suicide attempts and arson/fire setting. The majority of articles suggested some improvement in aspects of challenging behaviour, however this was limited by the lack of control groups and small sample sizes. Further investigation is required to find out whether interventions identified in this review can sustain a reduction in challenging behaviours in the long-term. 相似文献
909.
Mark Pettigrew 《The journal of forensic psychiatry & psychology》2019,30(3):409-418
The vast majority of literature regarding sexual homicide is premised on a male perpetrator and female victim, as is the sparse literature regarding acts of necrophilia. Little, therefore, is known of homicide committed by a homosexual male to facilitate necrophilic acts. A case is presented here of such an instance, an instance that escalated into serial homicide and, at least, a dozen victims. The prefacing role of sexual fantasy is explored, as well as the significance of the manner of death when necrophilic intent is the rationale for homicide. Potential indicators of necrophilic interests leading to sexual homicide are noted, and the literature regarding such interests is expanded. 相似文献
910.
Mark Pettigrew Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(1):302-303
Somnophilia, the desire to have sex with an unconscious, sleeping, or comatose person who is unable to respond, is a sexual paraphilia that is seldom reported. The underlying desire is often overshadowed by the act of sexual violation and when using GHB or GBL to induce unconsciousness, as in the case presented here, the victim might not even be able to recall, for certain, that they have been sexually violated. A case study is offered of a somnophile who adulterated drinks to render young men unconscious, so he could rape them in that state, before progressing to administering drugs anally on the pretext of applying lubrication to the anus to facilitate sexual intercourse. The offender's fetishistic compulsion to have sex with unconscious men propelled him to experiment with the means by which he surreptitiously administered drugs to his victims in order to deepen their comatose state. 相似文献