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921.
922.
Mary Dominick 《Human Rights Review》2008,9(4):545-547
The US 1992 Torture Victims Protection Act (TVPA) strengthens the reach of the 1789 Alien Tort Claims Act (ATCA) to US citizens alleging claims of torture and/or extrajudicial killings that occur abroad, but only if the plaintiffs were US citizens at the time of the criminal acts. Should the later-in-time statute, which gives effect to the United Nations Convention against Torture and extends remedies under the ATCA, be amended to apply to those given political asylum in this country from the moment of their entry? Is not the limbo status of victims given haven in the USA but not automatic citizenship, victims who rightly need resolution of brutal facts which occasioned rupture with their country of origin, a situation that cries for more precise remedy? This note explores this issue as raised by the case of Myroslava Gongadze, the widow of slain political journalist Georghy Gongadze in the Ukraine in September 2000. Only three of the perpetrators, policemen who say they followed orders, were put on trial in 2007–2008. Those who allegedly gave the orders for the killing continue to evade justice. 相似文献
923.
Mary Kathleen Deutscher Keith D. Walker Peter W.B. Phillips 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》2019,62(2):181-201
The policy and practice of public administration are caught between two seemingly incommensurate goals. Public servants are expected to be responsible to the oversight and control of democratically elected governments, yet, as the policy space becomes more complex, are forced to exercise more judgment and discretion in their responsibilities. Individual, collective, and professional conscience is motivated across this spectrum of challenges. This article explores the concepts of discretion and conscience in theory and practice in the Canadian context. It offers insights into how conscience can, and perhaps must, be both accommodated and supported more appropriately in the practice of 21st‐century public administration and service. At root, we argue that an array of strategies and approaches may help to build relational reciprocity to a broader set of norms that are necessary for efficient and effective governance. 相似文献
924.
Martha Kropf JoEllen V. Pope Mary Jo Shepherd Zachary Mohr 《Public administration review》2020,80(5):733-742
A public agency's capacity to implement policy and achieve valued public outcomes has been a long-running area of research in public administration. Many articles provide theory and empirics regarding the capacity to implement policy, but relatively few examine multiple types of agency capacity within the same analysis. This article develops a model based on the election administration literature in political science and public administration to examine the effects of managerial capacity, financial capacity, and technology on the election management outcome of the residual vote rate in North Carolina election jurisdictions. The results indicate that higher levels of management capacity and technology significantly reduce problems with voting as measured by the residual vote rate. Financial capacity shows a negative association with the residual vote rate but is not significant. The article concludes by discussing how studying election administration provides an important and uniquely good administrative context for developing administrative theory. 相似文献
925.
Journal of Chinese Political Science - 相似文献
926.
Is the human species hard-wired for violence? It is often assumed to be the case, accompanied by the assumption that external controls are needed to mitigate aggressive tendencies. But there are several empirically based counterarguments to this pessimist view, many of which underscore that the pessimistic view reflects shifted baselines—from child-raising practices, to what is considered normal human development and nature. We examine briefly views from ethological, historical, developmental, anthropological, and biological research. 相似文献
927.
Jeremy D. Davey Patricia L. Obst Mary C. Sheehan 《Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology》2001,16(1):29-39
Much research has been conducted into aspects of the police workplace that contribute to stress for individual officers. The
current paper examines the influence of worksplace and job characteristics on both officers' stress and their job satisfaction.
Police officers recruited from two divisions of an Australian state police service (n=749) were surveyed. Results show that
there was a positive relationship between organizational support and job satisfaction and a negative relationship between
organizational support and job stress. Difficulty in dealing with organizational change led to lower job satisfaction and
higher levels of job stress. Working long hours led to increased job stress but it did not lead to lower job satisfaction.
In contrast, shiftwork led to lowered job satisfaction but it did not lead to job stress. Of particular interest in this study
was the finding that the job content factor of dealing with dangerous and unpredictable duties was not predictive of job stress
but in fact led to higher job satisfaction.
Authors' Note: Jeremy Davey, DipT, Bed, Med, is Deputy Director, Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety, School of Psychology and
Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Beams road, Carseldine, Qld 4034, Australia. 相似文献
928.
Mary I. Campa Catherine P. Bradshaw John Eckenrode David S. Zielinski 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(6):627-640
Several studies have indicated that an early onset of delinquent and problem behaviors is associated with a greater risk of
subsequent behavioral and mental health problems. This study builds on that literature by examining histories of behavior
problems in relation to indicators of thriving and precocious behavior during late adolescence. Using longitudinal data from
289 high-risk adolescents, participants were classified according to their problem behavior histories at ages 15 and 19. Findings
indicated that although some adolescents experienced decline over time in their overt behavior problems, those youth showed
fewer indicators of thriving when compared to adolescents with no history of behavior problems. Youth with an earlier onset
of behavior problems also evinced an increased risk for precocious behavior. Gender differences and implications for prevention
through youth development programming are discussed.
相似文献
Mary I. CampaEmail: |
929.
930.
Kristina Schmid Callina Sara K. Johnson Mary H. Buckingham Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(6):869-883
Hopeful expectations for the future have been shown to play an important role in the positive development of youth, including youth contributions to society. Although theory and some research suggest that familial socialization may influence future-oriented cognitions, little work has focused on the possible interrelation of parent–child relationships and the development of hope, particularly during adolescence. Accordingly, the first goal of this study was to identify developmental profiles of youth with respect to hopeful future expectations (HFE) and parental trust across adolescence. Next, we explored whether these developmental trajectories were related to youth Contribution, indexed by community leadership, service, and helping attitudes and behaviors. We used growth mixture modeling to simultaneously examine trajectories of adolescents’ perceived connections with parents (indexed by parent trust) and HFE among 1,432 participants (59 % female) from Waves 3 through 6 (Grades 7 through 10) of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. A four-profile model provided the best fit to the data, with the following profiles: Moderate HFE/U-shaped Trust; Moderate HFE/Increasing Trust; Both Decreasing; and Both High Stable profiles. We then explored whether hope-trust profiles were related to youth Contribution in Wave 7. Contrary to hypotheses, results indicated that the profile reflecting the greatest discrepancy in HFE and trust across early to middle adolescence (i.e., Moderate Hope/U-shaped Trust) was associated with the highest mean Contribution scores. The implications of the findings for future theory and research are discussed. 相似文献