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101.
Comparison of the Columnar‐Thin‐Film and Vacuum‐Metal‐Deposition Techniques to Develop Sebaceous Fingermarks on Nonporous Substrates, 下载免费PDF全文
Stephanie F. Williams M.P.S. Drew P. Pulsifer Ph.D. Robert C. Shaler Ph.D. Robert S. Ramotowski M.S. Shelly Brazelle M.S. Akhlesh Lakhtakia Ph.D. D.Sc. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(2):295-302
Both the columnar‐thin‐film (CTF) and the vacuum‐metal‐deposition (VMD) techniques for visualizing sebaceous fingermarks require the deposition of a material thereon in a vacuum chamber. Despite that similarity, there are many differences between the two techniques. The film deposited with the CTF technique has a columnar morphology, but the film deposited with the VMD technique comprises discrete islands. A split‐print methodology on a variety of fingermarked substrates was used to determine that the CTF technique is superior for developing fingermarks on clear sandwich bags and partial bloody fingermarks on stainless steel. Both techniques are similar in their ability to develop fingermarks on glass but the CTF technique yields higher contrast. The VMD technique is superior for developing fingermarks on white grocery bags and the smooth side of Gloss Finish Scotch Multitask? tape. Neither technique worked well for fingermarks on black garbage bags. 相似文献
102.
The Impact of Victim Demographics on Case Outcomes in Delinquency Proceedings: An Empirical Test 下载免费PDF全文
M. Dyan McGuire Noelle E. Fearn Norman White Kenneth Mayo Megan Ondr 《Juvenile & family court journal》2015,66(2):1-17
While the impact of the defendant's sex and race on processing decisions is well researched, less is known about the impact of the victim's sex and race on juvenile court decision making. Using data from the juvenile court in St. Louis, Missouri, this study explores direct and interactive effects of the victim's sex and race on outcome decisions for juvenile offenders. Findings suggest that legal differences account for most of the observed differences in detention, commitment and adjudication among the sample studied. 相似文献
103.
Richard Williams 《The Modern law review》2015,78(1):55-84
This paper argues that reform of the wrongful trading remedy in section 214 of the Insolvency Act 1986 is unlikely to yield significant increases in civil recovery for creditors of insolvent companies. The paper argues that the widely held view that procedural restrictions in the provision have unduly limited the application of the remedy are without foundation and, likewise, that there is little evidence that current modest levels of litigation under the provision demonstrate underperformance in the sanction relative to the scale of the misconduct against which it is directed. The paper draws on a wide range of analytical and empirical evidence to argue that the scope for application of the sanction is inherently limited by factors independent of the particular rules within the statutory remedy. 相似文献
104.
Jamie K. Pringle Ph.D. John P. Cassella Ph.D. John R. Jervis Ph.D. Anna Williams Ph.D. Peter Cross M.Sc. Nigel J. Cassidy Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(4):1052-1060
In homicide investigations, it is critically important that postmortem interval and postburial interval (PBI) of buried victims are determined accurately. However, clandestine graves can be difficult to locate; and the detection rates for a variety of search methods (ranging from simple ground probing through to remote imaging and near‐surface geophysics) can be very low. In this study, simulated graves of homicide victims were emplaced in three sites with contrasting soil types, bedrock, and depositional environments. The long‐term monthly in situ monitoring of grave soil water revealed rapid increases in conductivity up to 2 years after burial, with the longest study evidencing declining values to background levels after 4.25 years. Results were corrected for site temperatures and rainfall to produce generic models of fluid conductivity as a function of time. The research suggests soilwater conductivity can give reliable PBI estimates for clandestine burials and therefore be used as a grave detection method. 相似文献
105.
This report supplements a prior article in this journal (Rogers and Williams, 1994). Utilizing Ted Palmer's 1991 formulation, we identified a set of indicators relevant to juvenile court decision-making and to policy formulation. Here, through a more stringent statistical technique, we provide additional evidence of the potential that juvenile court histories possess for both theory and practice. We explore case materials gained and maintained by juvenile probation officers as a way of generating outcome predictors for whether youth receive probation or institutionalization. Using discriminant function analysis, we obtain relatively good prediction. Delinquency history and social psychological variables are found to enhance prediction of case outcomes. Contrary to some scholars, we believe the juvenile court is here to stay. Thus, the fundamental issue becomes one of making it a more efficient, effective instrument for reintegrating youths it must serve. As this institution approaches its centennial in 1999, we believe the court must become a focal point of research. This article is intended to further that task. After identifying the three strongest predictive variables (offense after first hearing, alienation, and denial of blame), we employ our seven key indicators as a guide for illustrating their everyday application for juvenile probation officers working with their youthful clientele. 相似文献
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108.
This article reviews a program designed in response to high-conflict parents who have protracted family law cases and have been referred to dependency court due to child abuse allegations. 相似文献
109.
110.
Frank P. Williams Marilyn D. McShane Carl P. Wagoner 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》1995,19(2):215-238
Several articles have been written about the relative prestige of journals in criminology and criminal justice. Almost uniformly,
however, those rankings have focused on sociology and criminology journals and have generally reflected a sociological orientation.
If criminal justice is indeed a separate discipline, such approaches are tantamount to asking psychologists to rate sociological
journals within a list of psychology journals. Our approach is first to separate respondents by their degree of identification
with criminal justice and their educational orientation. Second, we compile a list of responses to questions about prestige
and utility to practitioners across the range of criminal justice and criminology journals. Analyses of these data indicate
that there are differences in the way scholars rate journals, based on their identity with criminal justice and their educational
orientation. These differences, however, are found in specific journals and in types of journals (i.e., police, corrections,
criminal justice) rather than in aggregate perceptions of all criminal justice and criminology journals. 相似文献