通胀时期湖北企业的生存压力与对策分析

国内外原材料和农副产品价格的全面上涨,使湖北企业面临人力、资金、管理等方面的成本压力日益增大,本文深入分析了种种压力产生的原因,以及湖北企业如何应对压力,通过创新增加产品附加值,有选择地承接产业转移中的产品和项目等,使企业找到生存和发展的出路。     

The Consequences of Knowledge about Elite Deviance

The present study sought to understand the consequences of knowledge about elite deviance. Four hundred and eight participants completed an online questionnaire that measured (1) their level of knowledge about white-collar crime and (2) their perceived seriousness of, and punitiveness toward, it. Results of statistical analyses suggest a positive relationship between knowledge and punitive sentiments toward crimes of the powerful. Conversely, less knowledgeable subjects, comprised disproportionately of men, politically Conservatives, Republicans, and conservative Protestants were often more lenient toward elite offenders, both in terms of perceived seriousness of the offenses and punitiveness toward them, when compared with street crime. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

Violent Street Crime Versus Harmful White-Collar Crime: A Comparison of Perceived Seriousness and Punitiveness

Recent studies have challenged traditional wisdom regarding public apathy about white-collar crime by revealing equal or greater perceived seriousness of these offenses among respondents relative to traditional crime. Nevertheless, subjects in those studies were generally asked to contrast white-collar crime scenarios with a non-violent street crime baseline vignette. Perhaps a violent street crime would have invited lower perceived seriousness for the white-collar offenses. Participants in the present study were asked to (1) read vignettes describing violent street crimes and physically harmful white-collar crimes, (2) compare their seriousness, and (3) determine appropriate sanctions. Subjects perceived the violent crime scenarios presented to them to be more serious than the harmful white-collar crime vignettes. Further, they were less punitive toward white-collar offenders compared with street criminals. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

China’s Global Energy Diplomacy: Behavior Normalization Through Economic Interdependence or Resource Neo-mercantilism and Power Politics?

The magnitude of China’s energy needs and global energy acquisitions, and their recent emergence as key features of the international system, raise many sensitive questions: will China adapt to or reshape the international system as historically defined by the hegemonic West, and what is the role of its energy policy, politics, and resource nationalism in a possible new Great Game? While much of the current literature posits an either/or approach (China adapts to energy market or tries to redefine them as a part of a wider political plan), our hypothesis is that China is essentially a pragmatic actor who reacts to the forces in presence, rather than a revisionist power with a grand plan to realign the world order to suit its needs and satisfy some kind of pre-established grand vision. We posit that China goes beyond conformity with or resistance to the established energy market and the power relations they underpin: While local circumstances may be considered variables, its fixed objective is a stable international order and the pragmatic satisfaction of its energy needs in order to insure continued economic growth and general stability at home.     

运用法医学二代测序技术侦破19年久冷案

基于Y染色体STR(Y-STR)多态性的男性家系排查技术帮助全国各地破获了诸多冷案积案。然而对于出现明显降解的生物检材,或因检出Y-STR基因座数量过少而无法开展有效排查。STRSeqTyperY68男性家系精细化排查试剂盒,定位于二代测序技术,利用Mi Seq FGx二代测序平台可单管实现52个单拷贝Y-STR基因座、6个二拷贝Y-STR基因座、1个三拷贝Y-STR基因座和1个性别判定基因座的分型检测,并能同时支持STR长度和/或序列多态分型,全部基因座扩增子长度在350bp以下,且其中62个不大于300bp,适用于降解检材的检测。本文报道一起长达19年未破的强奸杀人案,用传统STR检测方法仅得到24个Y-STR基因座分型,部分300bp以上的Y-STR片段未检出,但通过二代测序方法使用STRSeqTyperY68试剂盒完整得到了67个Y-STR和1个性别基因座分型,从而帮助办案单位锁定了嫌疑人所在的男性家系,为案件侦破提供了关键技术支撑。     

转型期台湾收入差距的调节手段分析

面对收入差距扩大化与贫穷增加问题,累进税制与社会福利制度等通常是各国及地区调节社会收入分配的主要手段。由于经济与政治方面的种种原因,台湾实际上主要依赖社会福利支出的不断增加来缓和收入差距的扩大化,税制的效果十分有限。这种严重扭曲的重分配模式,不仅削弱了调节收入差距的应有成效,而且对转型期的台湾经济与社会造成明显的不良影响。其一,社会福利支出持续增加,却无税收增加的支撑,造成财政收支持续恶化的困境;其二,税制的公平性长期受到严重扭曲,不但无法有效发挥改善收入分配的功能,而且因税负不公平,还助长了收入差距的扩大化;其三,异化的社会福利政策,日益沦为政治选举的工具,无法真正体现社会公平与正义。     

Power Sharing and Inclusive Politics in Africa's Uncertain Democracies

Power‐sharing agreements have been widely used in Africa as paths out of civil war. However, the research focus on conflict mitigation provides an inadequate guide to recent cases such as Kenya and Zimbabwe. When used in response to flawed elections, pacts guaranteeing political inclusion adversely affect government performance and democratization. Political inclusion in these cases undermines vertical relationships of accountability, increases budgetary spending, and creates conditions for policy gridlock. Analysis using three salient dimensions highlights these negative effects: Origin distinguishes extra‐constitutional pacts from coalitions produced by more stable institutions, function contrasts postwar cases from scenarios where the state itself faces less risk, and time horizon refers to dilemmas that weigh long‐term costs versus short‐term benefits. The conclusion suggests that the drawbacks of inclusive institutions can be moderated by options such as sunset clauses, evenhanded prosecution of human rights violations, and by strengthening checks on executive authority.     

Walking on Thin Ice

正Lithuania,a country of less than 3 million people,has drawn international attention by playing the Taiwancard.Yet there was little time for Lithuania to indulge in the pleasures of basking in the global spotlight before the Baltic country bumped into strong countermeasures from the Chinese side.The offender here is the Lithuanian Government,which has allowed the Taiwan authorities to set up a representative office in Lithuania under the name Taiwandespite the Chinese Government's strong opposition.This is seen as a serious breach of China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.On August 10,the Chinese Foreign Ministry announced its decision to recall China's ambassador to Lithuania and demand that the Lithuanian Government recall its ambas s ador to China.     

环境公益诉讼相关问题思考

环境公益诉讼是伴随着社会经济发展而产生的一种诉讼类型,它旨在保护环境公共权益,在促进社会变革,形成环境公共政策,法律执行等方面发挥了积极的作用。我国的民事诉讼法和环保法都对环境公益诉讼作出了相应的规定,但是我国的环境公益诉讼还处在刚起步阶段,相应的制度建设还需要完善。