The Plant Ambassador

正hYou could say the roots of my association with China grew in the backyard of my home in Accra,the capital of Ghana.Back ome,people also use herbal medicine for various diseases.I would say about 70 percent of Ghanaians use roots and shoots of herbs as the f irst line of treatment.But the scientif ic aspect of the treatment is not so well developed in Ghana.Not everyone who uses herbs knows what the exact dosage should be.So when the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and     

Transcellular and extracellular impedances of the intact abdomen in putrefying rat cadavers

Total (Zt) and extracellular (Ze) abdominal impedances of putrefying rat cadavers, stored at 18.0±0.7°C, were measured at 50 kHz and at 1 kHz, respectively, during the first 7 days of death. Transcellular impedance was calculated from the measured values of Zt and Ze. Total impedance and Ze increased during the first day, and then decreased with increasing postmortem interval, while Zi remained unchanged during the first 3 days before increasing more than 4-fold between 3 and 7 days postmortem. These changes are consistent with net gain of electrolyte by the extracellular fluids and with degeneration of cell membranes which occur postmortem. It is concluded that, during putrefaction, Ze is a potentially more useful index of postmortem interval than Zt or Zi, and that measurement of total abdominal impedance at 50 kHz, rather than at 10 kHz, markedly improves the precision and accuracy of impedance measurement.     

Archetype Transition in the German Health Service? The Attempted Modernization of Hospitals in a North German State

In this paper, we argue that, rather than aiming at universal contingency relationships, archetype theory needs to go down a path where 'local variants' can be discovered and understood by relating them to their organizational and institutional context(s). The case study of a public sector hospital group in a North German state (Hamburg) is drawn on here to elaborate the argument. We found evidence for a change from a Public Sector hospital archetype to a Public Hospital Corporation archetype. Drawing on this model permits us to explore the impact of the introduction of new forms of public management organization and the implications the managerial ideology underpinning this may have for the professional organization. The study explores the consequences of the innovations for professional/managerial relations. We also suggest that the 'archetype' approach may be particularly useful for the comparative study of organizations. This is particularly pertinent given the different – corporatist – organization of the German health care system and its different approach to public sector reform to that of the Anglo-American and Scandinavian systems where the 'archetypal' approach has so far been applied.     

Classifying political regimes

This study presents a classification of political regimes as democracies and dictatorships for a set of 141 countries between 1950 or the year of independence and 1990. It improves existing classifications by a better grounding in political theory, an exclusive reliance on observables rather than on subjective judgements, an explicit distinction between systematic and random errors, and a more extensive coverage.