应用多重聚合酶链反应检测四种霉形体的研究

根据鸡毒霉形体 (MG)、滑液囊霉形体 (MS)、衣阿华霉形体 (MI)和火鸡霉形体 (MM )的基因文库 ,设计了 4对分别与MG、MS、MI和MM某段基因序列互补的引物 ,用这 4对引物对同一样品中的MG、MS、MI和MM的DNA模板进行多重PCR扩增。结果 ,均同时得到了 4条特异性的大小与试验设计相符的 732bp(MG)、2 0 7bp(MS)、2 99bp(MI)、85 0bp(MM )多重PCR扩增带 ,而对其他 6种禽病病原体的PCR扩增结果均为阴性。敏感性测定结果表明 ,此多重PCR能同时检出 1pg的MG、MS、MI和MMDNA模板     

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz: ‘Let your women keep silence in the churches…’

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz chose to take the veil not only because she had no wish to marry but because in her time the convent was the only environment which sanctioned a woman's desire for a life of study and meditation. However, her brilliant mind ventured far beyond the parameters permitted by her church, for she devoted a large part of her literary activities to secular topics, dared to criticize the male Catholic establishment and questioned the Church's inconsistent—and to her, oppressive—treatment of women. In her autobiographical letter ‘The Reply to Sister Philotea’ (1691) she took her most radical feminist stance and artfully manipulated both Scripture and patristic texts to support her personal ends: the right of women to an education and to an intellectual life.     

Hungary

European Journal of Political Research -     

Portugal

European Journal of Political Research -     

Predatory bidding in competitive tenders: A Swedish case study

Public procurement by competitive tendering is an important part of European policies to encourage competition in network industries previously dominated by public companies. In recent years, the appearance of very low bids has become an issue in several countries. We discuss predatory bidding from a theoretical, practical and legislative point of view. A case of tendering for train services in Sweden is used to illustrate the possibilities to detect an abnormally low bid. An analysis of projected costs and revenues is complemented with a method using historical data on previous tenders. One conclusion is that there is scope for reform in national competition policies in European Union member states concerning multinational enterprises participating in local tenders. JEL Classification K21 · K23 · L12 · L43 · L92     

Comparison of Factors Associated with Parricide in Adults and Adolescents

Despite high revalence rates of intimate partner violence in the lives of extremely poor women with depenent children, few studies have investigated the patterns of violence that occur over time, and the characteristics of women that serve as risk markers for partner violence. This study compared 43 adult parricides and 12 adolescent parricides. Several statistically significant differences were observed. Adults suffer from severe mental disorders, have a history of violent behavior and psychiatric antecedents, and are more likely to threaten their parents. Less predictable in their acting out, adolescents present several profiles as a function of victims’ sex, number of victims, diagnostic elements, and being witness to or victim of intrafamilial violence. Results suggest different approaches should be used to understand the dynamics and course of these two groups.