Economic costs of Oxford House inpatient treatment and incarceration: a preliminary report

The Oxford House model for substance abuse recovery has potential economic advantages associated with the low cost of opening up and maintaining the settings. In the present study, annual program costs per person were estimated for Oxford House based on federal loan information and data collected from Oxford House Inc. In addition, annual treatment and incarceration costs were approximated based on participant data prior to Oxford House residence in conjunction with normative costs for these settings. Societal costs associated with the Oxford House program were relatively low, whereas estimated costs associated with inpatient and incarceration history were high. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

Gender and local executive office in regional Russia: the party of power as a vehicle for women’s empowerment?

We employ a political ambition framework to study women’s under-representation in Russian local politics. We conduct a survey of current heads of municipal districts and municipal urban and rural settlements in four regions of the Russian Federation. The study reveals gendered pathways to local leadership positions. The advantage of incumbency is fully used by male politicians: male incumbents are more likely than female incumbents to run for re-election. Self-initiated ambition, term in office, and age explain the decisions of male executives to run for re-election. Female incumbents are likely to run for a subsequent term only if they are supported by the United Russia Party.     

Reviews

Herbert J. Ellison, (ed.), Soviet Policy Toward Western Europe, Seattle and London: University of Washington Press. 1983. xvii + 322 pp. £25.00.

Edwina Moreton and Gerald Segal, (eds.), Soviet Strategy Toward Western Europe, London: George Allen & Unwin. 1984. 296 pp. £17.50.

Lawrence L. Whetten (ed.), The Present State of Communist Internationalism, Lexington & Toronto: Lexington Books, 1983, xi + 254 pp. £25.00.

Neil Harding (ed.), The State in Socialist Society, London: MacMillan, 1984, 316 pp. h/b £20.00. p/b £7.95.

Stephen White, John Gardner and George Schopflin, Communist Political Systems: an Introduction, Macmillan, 1982, viii + 293 pp. £15.00.

John Erickson, The Road to Berlin. Volume 2 of Stalin's War with Germany, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1983. xiii + 877 pp. £20.00.

John B. Dunlop, The Faces of Contemporary Russian Nationalism, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1983, 363 pp. £28.20.

Aryeh L. Unger, Constitutional Development in the USSR. A Guide to the Soviet Constitutions, London: Methuen, 1981. viii + 310 pp. £12.50.

Stefan Hedlund, Crisis in Soviet Agriculture, London and Sydney: Croom Helm and New York: St. Martin's Press, 1984, 228 pp. £17.95.

Vladimir Sobell, The Red Market: Industrial Co‐operation and Specialisation in Comecon, Gower Publishing Company, 1984, 265 pp. £16.50.

Raymond Hutchings, The Structural Origins of Soviet Industrial Expansion, London and Basingstoke, Macmillan: 1984, x + 242 pp. Index, £25.00.

Peter Blandon, Soviet Forest Industries, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press. Distributed by Bowker Publishing Co., Erasmus House, Epping, Essex, UK 290 pp. £19.75.

Ronald Grigor Suny, Transcaucasia: Nationalism and Social Change. Essays in the history of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, University of Michigan: Ann Arbor, 1983, 349 pp. + xiv.

Sidney Bloch and Peter Reddaway, Soviet Psychiatric Abuse: The Shadow over World Psychiatry, London: Victor Gollancz Ltd. 1984, 288 pp. £10.95.

Thomas T. Hammond, Red Flag Over Afghanistan. The Communist Coup, the Soviet Invasion, and the Consequences, Boulder, Colorado; Westview Press, 1984, xvii + 261 pp. £9.75 pb., £23.00 hb.

Martin Crouch and Robert Porter (eds.), Understanding Soviet Politics through Literature. A book of readings, London: George Allen and Unwin, 1984, xi + 211 pp. h/b £15.00. p/b £6.95.

Bernard Chavance, Le système économique soviétique, Paris: Editions le Sycomore, 1983, 114pp. Price: 33F.

S. Brucan, The post‐Brezhnev era, New York: Praeger, 1983 126 pp. xiii + $21.95.     

Book reviews

Magocsi has held the Chair of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Toronto for three decades during which he has devoted himself to both Ukrainian and Rusyn history. Critics of Magocsi, particularly in the Ukrainian diaspora in North America, focus on his Rusyn publications while ignoring his great contribution to Ukrainian history which remains unparalleled among other Western historians of Ukraine and other Chairs of Ukrainian History and academic institutions.