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261.
Jennifer M. Reingle Gonzalez Katelyn K. Jetelina Madeline Roberts Michiko Otsuki Clutter Corron Sanders Sweety Baidhya Ray Tsai 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2018,43(3):591-602
This study sought to examine the relationship between homelessness and behavior problems among a community-based sample of youth in North Texas. Data were obtained from a cross-sectional, probability sample of households and a targeted sample of homeless families in Dallas, Texas, with children older than 5 years old (N?=?5232). Parents were asked to report five behavior problems on behalf of their children including arrest or trouble with police, academic problems, behavior problems at school, suspension, and suicide attempts. Logistic and negative binomial regression procedures were used to examine the relationship between homelessness and behavior problems. Youth exposed to homelessness were 36% (OR?=?1.63; 95% CI 1.00–1.85) more likely to exhibit any kind of behavior problems than youth who had never experienced homelessness. Homeless youth had 5.51 times the odds of arrest (95% CI 2.60–11.68), 1.74 times the odds of academic problems (95% CI 1.24–2.43), and more than 3 times the odds of suicide attempts (95% CI 1.46, 7.61) than youth who had never been homeless. Homelessness was associated with higher rates of problem behavior, including arrests, academic problems, and suicide attempts. Because homeless youth are commonly enrolled in school and present at health care clinics and emergency departments, clinics and schools may aid in the identification of homeless youth, as well as referral to care. In this way, clinicians may help reduce the burden of behavioral problems that disproportionately affect homeless youth. 相似文献
262.
Greg?PogarskyEmail author Alex?R.?Piquero Ray?Paternoster 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2004,20(4):343-369
Deterrence theory describes a process of offender decision making that consists of two linkages—one in which official sanctions and other information affect a would-be offenders perceptions about the risks of criminal conduct, and another in which such perceptions influence the decision whether or not to offend. Decades worth of empirical research has concentrated virtually exclusively on this latter linkage, and in so doing, has produced an incomplete account of the deterrence process. This article develops a model of how perceptions of sanction certainty are modified in response to an individuals involvement in criminal activity and the consequences (if any) therefrom. Implications of the model are tested with data from a multi-wave, panel survey of 1,530 high school students from the southeastern U.S. Key findings include: the manner in which new information affects perceived certainty depends on the level of perceived certainty before the new information is received, and the extent of peer offending was one of the most influential factors in determining change in perceived sanction certainty over time. 相似文献
263.
Ray C. Fair 《Political Behavior》1988,10(2):168-179
In previous work I have developed an equation explaining votes for president in the United States that seems to have remarkable explanatory power. In this paper the equation is updated through the 1984 election and then used to predict the 1988 election. 相似文献
264.
McIntyre IM Hamm CE Sherrard JL Gary RD Riley AC Lucas JR 《Journal of forensic sciences》2003,48(3):680-682
Toxicological investigations were performed on an intracerebral hematoma, antemortem blood, and postmortem blood of an individual who was found unresponsive in his home. The hematoma was found to have ethanol at a concentration of 0.05% (w/v), and benzoylecgonine (a cocaine metabolite) was also confirmed at a concentration of 0.43 mg/L by specific analysis using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). These results enabled the pathologist to record the cause of death as intracerebral hemorrhage due to acute cocaine intoxication. 相似文献
265.
Ray DA Walker JA Hall A Llewellyn B Ballantyne J Christian AT Turteltaub K Batzer MA 《Forensic science international》2005,153(2-3):117-124
The inference of an individual's geographic ancestry or origin can be critical in narrowing the field of potential suspects in a criminal investigation. Most current technologies rely on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes to accomplish this task. However, SNPs can introduce homoplasy into an analysis since they can be identical-by-state. We introduce the use of insertion polymorphisms based on short interspersed elements (SINEs) as a potential alternative to SNPs. SINE polymorphisms are identical-by-descent, essentially homoplasy-free, and inexpensive to genotype using a variety of approaches. Herein, we present results of a blind study using 100 Alu insertion polymorphisms to infer the geographic ancestry of 18 unknown individuals from a variety of geographic locations. Using a Structure analysis of the Alu insertion polymorphism-based genotypes, we were able to correctly infer the geographic affiliation of all 18 unknown human individuals with high levels of confidence. This technique to infer the geographic affiliation of unknown human DNA samples will be a useful tool in forensic genomics. 相似文献
266.
Ray C. Rist 《Society》1989,26(6):39-45
Before that, he served at the National Institute of Education. He has held teaching appointments at the Universities of Illinois
and Oregon and at Cornell University, and is now adjunct professor at George Washington University. He has authored fifteen
books, including Finding Work: Cross National Perspectives; Program Evaluation and the Management of Government;and he has edited the last four volumes of Policy Studies Review Annual. 相似文献
267.
268.
Ray Williams 《Forensic science international》1984,25(2):155-156
269.
270.
This paper presents the results of an exploratory study designed to identify and determine the effects of social and economic
factors on Mississippians’ attitudes toward prison expansion strategies. Data were obtained from a statewide survey, utilizing
a random digit dialing telephone sampling procedure. The study sample consists of 606 respondents. Favorable attitudes toward
correctional facilities were hypothesized to be explained by fear of crime, presence of an existing facility, perceived economic
impact of prisons, gender, race, age, and income. The results of the regression analysis revealed that the presence of an
existing prison facility, perceived economic benefits, race, and education were significant predictors of attitudes toward
prison expansion strategies among Mississippians. Possible explanations for the findings and directions for future research
are discussed.
This research was supported by grant #30401903821 from the Department of Public Safety, Division of Public Safety Planning
of the Governor’s Office, Jackson, Mississippi. Please send all correspondence to: Craig Robertson, Dept. of Sociology, Montana
State University, Bozeman, MT. 59717. 相似文献