中国共产党领导人民群众征服困难的历史经验及其时代创新

中国共产党在百年奋斗历程中书写出一部领导人民群众坚定信心、迎难而上,在不断征服各种各样的困难中创造伟大历史成就的光辉史诗。在与困难作斗争的艰辛历程中,中国共产党始终坚持对马克思主义的自信和革命的乐观主义精神,坚定地依靠和团结人民群众,在困难中独立自主探索本国发展道路,在革命性锻造中使党更加坚强有力。党的十八大以来,在总结和继承党领导人民群众征服困难的历史经验的基础上,以习近平同志为核心的党中央不断把历史上党领导人民群众征服困难的经验转化为推动新时代伟大斗争的强大力量,在推动党和人民事业取得一系列新的历史性重大成就的基础上乘势而上,开启了全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新阶段。     

利益导向下教育体制改革的困境与出路

中国教育存在的弊端很多,积重难返,有关部门的认识分歧也很大,教育改革有如大象屁股推不动.为何形成如此局面? 笔者认为,由于教育主管部门工作上的失误,导致"利益导向"绑架了中国的教育改革.其表现之一:将教育改革中的市场化措施简单等同于商业化运作.经济生活中拜金主义思潮在教育领域蔓延,部门利益至上、地方利益至上、官员利益至上,这种"利益至上"的思潮严重扭曲了教育改革的取向,削弱了改革的成效.     

Taking Others into Account: Self‐Interest and Fairness in Majority Decision Making

Research on the formal properties of democratic aggregation mechanisms has a long tradition in political science. Recent theoretical developments, however, show that in the discussion of normative contents of democratic decisions, the actual shape of preferences deserves just as much attention. However, our knowledge about the concrete motivations of individual behavior in democratic decisions is incomplete. Using laboratory experiments, this article examines the existence of social preferences in majority decisions. Contrary to earlier experiments of committee decision making, we develop a design that controls for the conditions of communication and the level of information between subjects. This allows us to comparatively test the predictive power of several theories. We find strong evidence that self‐interest and fairness motivate human behavior in majority decisions.     

县级政府规模影响因素的实证研究——以四川省为例

以2007年四川省177个县级行政单位为样本,考察县级政府政府规模与经济发展水平、常住人口数量、管辖区域面积之间的关系。研究结果表明,经济发展水平、常住人口数量、管辖区域面积三大因素对县级政府规模存在不同程度的影响。因此,在优化县级政府规模过程中．要充分考虑影响县级政府规模的这些因素,进而为确立合理的政府规模提供有价值的政策建议。     

依照宪法执政是党提高执政能力的首要任务

加强党的执政能力建设有多方面的任务,其中第一位的是要提升党依法执政的水平。依法执政首先要确立宪政民主思想,在宪法中明确规定中国共产党的执政地位,以宪法为依据执政。要牢固树立执政是执掌政权的观念,按照宪政民主的要求处理党政关系,通过国家权力机关指挥“一府两院”,实现执政行为的法律化。还要切实推进民主程序的法制建设,按照法定民主程序执政,在法治的高度提高执政能力,巩固执政地位。     

互联网在现代国家和国际关系中的作用探析

在21世纪的晨曦中,伴随着经济全球化的迅猛发展,人类步入了信息时代的大门.计算机与互联网技术作为新科学技术革命的重要成果在人类生活各个领域的广泛应用与普及,极大地促进了世界各国经济与社会的发展,赋予了现代国家和国际关系许多崭新的特点.     

对普鲁士历史评价中主流观点的反思

战后对普鲁士全盘否定占据了史学界相关研究的主导地位,其中流传最广、影响最大的观点系“军国主义和反动载体”观。本文认为此论片面强调了这两方面的客观存在,忽略了贯穿普鲁士历史发展主要阶段的改革所具有的社会进步意义;孤立地看待了18、19世纪历次战争,没有对普鲁士为结束民族分裂、实现国家统一以及为此所处的历史背景和受其制约的特殊条件给予应有的重视,因而是对历史并非全面的把握。     

《公安信息系统应用》课程建设的设想与实践

公安招录培养体制的改革,使公安院校的生源发生了根本性变化。新的专科生源来自复员转业军人,与直接高考入学的高中起点学生相比,其信息基础知识和操作技能较为薄弱。新的形势给我们提出了新的要求,因此,在《公安信息系统应用》课程教学中,应该注重理论联系实际,在有限的课时内．一方面要加强公安信息系统应用所必需具备的信息技术基础知识和技能的教学。另一方面要以民警常用的公安信息系统为例,在实际训练过程中培养学生信息采集的自觉性、信息录入的规范性和信息使用的主动性,培养和提高学生运用信息资源的能力。     

Age at Death Estimation Using Multislice Computed Tomography Reconstructions of the Posterior Pelvis*

Abstract: Thanks to recent advances, computed tomography is now seen as a tool of great value in the field of physical anthropology. In this study, we focused on the posterior pelvis and the auricular surface and evaluated the accuracy of 3D reconstructions of the auricular surface, using a methodology derived from a previous study by Lovejoy et al. We also looked for trabecular bone criteria expressing age‐related changes. Forty‐six coxal bones were scanned, and scoring of macroscopic criteria showed a good agreement between 3D reconstructions and photographs, especially for transverse organization (k = 0.90). The changes occurring in the posterior part of the sacropubic trabecular bundle were evaluated on CT reconstructions via three new criteria, which exhibited a good intra‐ and inter‐observer agreement (k = 0.77–0.89), and were particularly useful in identifying older subjects. We concluded that these CT‐evaluated trabecular bone criteria are promising and yield useful information about age at death.     

Virtual autopsy and forensic anthropology of a mummified fetus: a report of one case

A jar containing the mummified body of a fetus was found in a bush near a building. Full-body multislice computed tomography (MSCT) was performed prior to autopsy to study the bones and internal organs. Age was estimated by measuring femoral and tibial lengths and examining the temporal and occipital bones. The results were then compared with the autopsy and histopathological findings. MSCT was superior to autopsy for examination of the bones and internal organs. Autopsy was difficult because of the fragility of the dried corpse. MSCT determined the gestational age of the fetus and excluded skeletal abnormalities. Estimated age was similar with the two methods used. However, the major advantage of MSCT was rapid measurement of bones or anatomical regions which are difficult to examine during autopsy and which required specific preparation for further anthropological study. This case report illustrates the possibilities offered by MSCT for studying mummified bodies, even fetuses.