论陇之秦文化

陇之秦文化，就是一部放大的中华民族文化，彰显着中华文化的独特品质。陇之秦文化的历史源起，一是陇之特殊地理位置和气候条件是秦文化发祥的初始条件，二是陇之本土文化构成了陇之秦文化的命脉和基石，三是陇原地处边陲、多个民族在此聚居、多种文化在此交流碰撞，四是陇原宜耕宜牧、使陇之秦文化兼具农牧两种文明生成、交融的特征。陇之秦文化的核心内涵是一个“功”字，即踏实苦干、遵法守纪、建功立业、开拓进取的事功精神，推动了秦人事功制度体系和人生价值体系的确立。事功精神内含两个基本要求，即尚贤尚功和赏罚分明，前者是事功的精神激励机制，后者是事功的物质激励机制。陇之秦文化，正是以这种事功精神为核心和灵魂，使其质朴大气、好勇尚武、事功精神、自强不息、开放融合、变法创新、法治原则、大一统精神等文化特征，得到了充分的张扬和淋漓尽致的体现，成为中华民族文明史上最光辉灿烂的文化品质。陇之秦文化，对今日陇原文化建设、经济腾飞、各项事业的振兴都具有非常重要的价值，对中华民族的大团结、大发展、大繁荣、大统一，无疑具有良好积极的启发意义、凝聚效应和推动作用。     

关于构建“和谐海峡”的策略思考

在"一个中国"的前提下,"以和谐促发展,以和谐促统一."这是构建"和谐海峡"核心要旨.其呼应"和谐社会"战略思想,符合"和谐世界"理念,顺应两岸民心民意.以"和谐"的理念促进两岸关系和解和平意义重大,根源于中华民族深厚的和合思想,表明了中国走和平发展道路的坚强信念,体现了党中央高超的和谐执政能力.文章从五个方面初步阐述"和谐海峡"的背景、意义、内涵、原则,以及从政治、经济、文化、社会四个层面提出相应措施.     

音乐心理剧对海洛因依赖者戒毒动机的干预

目的:研究音乐心理剧对我国海洛因依赖者的戒毒动机和操守的临床干预效果。方法:将62名女性海洛因依赖者随机分为实验组(n=31)和对照组(n=31)。实验组进行为期12周的Joseph.J.Moreno音乐心理剧临床干预;对照组常规治疗。将实验组干预后的戒毒动机与干预前及对照组进行比较;追踪所有被试的复吸情况并进行统计;对总体戒毒动机、操守率和各戒毒动机因子进行相关分析,了解干预的方法对戒毒动机和操守率的干预效果。结果:实验组总体戒毒动机与对照组和干预前相比显著提高(P<0.05);总体戒毒动机与"家庭因子"呈显著正性相关(r=0.364)。实验组操守情况(58.06%,18/31)优于对照组(35.48%,11/31),但无统计学意义上的显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:音乐心理剧临床干预对提高海洛因依赖人群的戒毒动机有明显作用,但在提高复吸率方面效果不明显。提高戒毒动机需要从家庭角度进行干预。由于文化上的差异,本法在临床运用的过程中有些技术的使用存在一定的局限性。     

Mixing Habermas with Bayes: Methodological and Theoretical Advances in the Study of Deliberation

Two challenges stand out in the study of deliberation: the development of appropriate methodological tools and the development of more unified analytical frameworks. On the one hand, analysing deliberative processes is demanding and time‐consuming; hence we tend to have only few and non‐randomly selected cases at the group or context level. In addition, the real world of deliberation presents us with a complex matrix of nested, cross‐classified, and repeated speakers. This article shows that Bayesian multi‐level modelling provides an elegant way to tackle these methodological problems. On the other hand, we attempt to enrich comparative institutionalism with individual characteristics and psychologically relevant variables (such as group composition). Focusing on Swiss and German parliamentary debates we show that institutional factors ‐ in particular, consensus systems ‐, the gender composition of committees and plenary sessions, and age matter for the quality of deliberation. Furthermore, we also show that partisan affiliation ‐ government or opposition status of MPs ‐ affects deliberative quality and can refine institutional arguments. We conclude that a multi‐level approach to deliberation focusing on contextual and actor‐related characteristics and using Bayesian hierarchical modelling paves the way toward a more advanced understanding ‐ and methodological handling ‐ of deliberative processes.     

国有企业资本运营风险机理透析

国有企业资本运营是一项极具风险的经济活动,只有全面的认识国有企业资本运营风险的形成机理,才能制定更加科学和有效的风险防范策略来降低和规避资本运营风险。本文在国有企业资本运营风险的含义和特征基础上,重点阐述了国有企业资本运营风险的形成机理。     

Managerial autonomy: does it matter for the performance of water utilities?

The public administration literature asserts that autonomy is central to performance. In this article we develop a managerial autonomy index, which we apply to 22 water utilities in Africa, Asia and the Middle East. The 16 items that underlie our composite autonomy index display a high degree of internal consistency. This speaks for the validity of the autonomy concept. We find that the autonomy scores of the 22 utilities vary widely. We also find strong and positive associations between autonomy scores and six out of eight key performance indicators. Our results support the idea that autonomy is central to the performance of water service providers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

回顾与展望:中国改革30年

当"中国"和"改革"两词在30年前被郑重地书写到一起的时候,相信无人能准确言及其对30年后今天的真正意义.中国改革近30年的印痕,深深地嵌入了中国经济、政治、文化、社会等各个领域,悄悄地改写了中国人民乃至世界人民的生活,渐渐地形成了中国独具特色的发展模式,也缓缓地积累了中国进一步发展所必须突破的诸多瓶颈.     

Political participation in Swiss referenda at federal and cantonal levels: 1879–1981

Political participation in the process of semidirect democracy differs in several important respects from political participation in elections in representative democracies. This study discusses patterns of participation in 300 referenda at the cantonal and federal level in Switzerland during the 1879–1981 period. The purpose of this survey is to account for cross-temporal and cross-cantonal variations in terms of: (a) referenda type, (b) competition intensity, and (c) the influence of a multiple political culture. The findings suggest that distinctive political cultures and life styles, and other collective factors account for turn-out percentages and competition intensity. Voters tend to mobilize essentially to reject constitutional revisions and laws rather than accept them. The significance of cross-temporal differences was found to diminish during the 1952–1981 period. This tendency toward increasing standardization of Swiss political participation does not, however, completely blur the specificity of participation within cantons, suggesting that the multicultural nature of Swiss society is still prevalent.