Eliciting Risk Attitudes in the Field: Surveys or Experimental Methods? An Empirical Comparison in Rural Niger

We compare several risk preference elicitation methods – including incentivised, non-incentivised, and framed methods as well as a traditional Likert survey question – in a developing country and empirically test how well consequent measures of risk attitudes predict risk taking behaviour. We find that Likert scale and non-incentivised framed survey questions are not sufficient substitutes for costlier incentivised methods in rural Niger. Instead, the incentivised framed question works best while a simplified incentivised lottery question works almost as well. More risk and ambiguity averse farmers are less likely to adopt fertiliser microdosing indicating the importance of insurance and strategies to promote learning.     

The work of the economic commission for Asia and the far east of the United Nations

Central Asia

To the Great Ocean. The Taming of Siberia and the Building of the Trans‐Siberian Railway. By Harmon Tupper. London, Seeker and Warburg, 1965. Pp. xv+ 536. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. 55s.

Afghanistan. Highway of Conquest. By Arnold Fletcher. Cornell University Press, 1965. Pp. 325. Illus. Bibliog. Index. $7.50.

South and South East Asia

The Security of Southern Asia. By D. E. Kennedy. London, Chatto and Windus, for the Institute for Strategic Studies, 1965. Pp. xi + 308. Maps. Index. 35s.

The Glass Curtain between Asia and Europe. Ed. by Raghavan Iyer. London, Oxford University Press, 1965. Pp. xii + 356. Bibliog. 52s.

South and East Asia since 1800. By Victor Purcell. Cambridge University Press, 1965. Pp. 228. Maps. Index. 25s.

Asian Economic Development. Ed. by Cranley Onslow. London, Wiedenfeld and Nicolson, 1965. Pp. xi + 243. Index. 36s.

The Story of Malaysia. By Harry Miller. London, Faber, 1965. Pp. 264. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. 30s.

Communalism and the Political Process in Malaya. By K. J. Ratnam. London, Oxford University Press, 1965. Pp. 248. Sketch map. Bibliog. Index. 48s.

The Development of British Malaya 1896–1909. By Chai Hon‐Chan. London, Oxford University Press, 1964. Pp. 364. Maps. Bibliog. Index. Cloth 50s. Paper 33s.

Indonesia. By Leslie Palmier. London, Thames and Hudson, 1965. Pp. 240. Maps. Illus. 30s.

Mohammed, Marx and Marhaen. The Roots of Indonesian Socialism. By Jeanne S. Mintz. London, Pall Mall Press, 1965. Pp. 224. Bibliog. Index. 36s.

Communism in North Vietnam. By P. J. Honey. London, Ampersand Books, 1965. Pp. 206. 7s. 6d.

South West Asia

The Arab Cold War 1958–1964. A Study of Ideology in Politics. By Malcolm Kerr. Published for Chatham House by Oxford University Press, 1965. Pp. 139. 10s. 6d.

The Struggle for Syria. A Study of Post‐war Arab Politics 1945–1958. By Patrick Seale. London, Oxford University Press for Chatham House, 1965. Pp. 344. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. 42s.

Revolutions and Military Rule in the Middle East. The Northern Tier. By George M. Haddad. New York, Robert Speller and Sons, Publishers, Inc., 1965. Pp. 251. Illus. Bibliog. Index. $6.00.

The Economic Development of Kuwait. Report of Missions organized by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development at the request of the Government of Kuwait. London, Oxford University Press, 1965. Pp. xiii+ 194. Maps. Index. 52s.

Far east

China in Crisis. By Sven Lindqvist. Trans, by Sylvia Clayton. London, Faber, 1965. Pp. 125. lllus. 25s.

China and the Bomb. By Morton H. Halperin. London, Pall Mall Press, 1965. Pp. 166. Index. 30s.

The Communist States at the Crossroads between Moscow and Peking. Edited by Adam Bromke. With an Introduction by Philip E. Mosely. London and New York, Praeger, 1965. Pp. 270. Index. Cloth 45s. Paperback 16s.

Chinese Civilization and Bureaucracy. By Etienne Balazs. New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 1964. Pp. xix + 309. Chronology. Index. 63s.

Report from a Chinese Village. By Jan Myrdal. New York, Pantheon Books; a Division of Random House, 1965. Pp. 374. Illus. $6.95.

Biography and Autobiography

High Noon of Empire. India under Curzon. By Michael Edwardes. London, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1965. Pp. 266. Map. Illus. Bibliog. Index. 35s.

A Roll of Honour: The Story of the Indian Army 1939–45. By Major‐General J. G. Elliott. London, Cassell, 1965. Pp. 392. Maps. Illus. 36s.

The Memoirs of a Malayan Official. By Victor Purcell. London, Cassell, 1965. Pp. 373. Map. Illus. Index. 42s.

One More River. By Gordon Hunt. London, Collins, 1965. Pp. 255. Illus. 25s.

Lady Wu. By Lin Yutang. New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1965. Pp. 255. $4.95.

Culture and civilization

Islam and International Relations. Edited by J. Harris Proctor. London, Pall Mall Press, 1965. Pp. 221. 42s.

Islamic Art. By David Talbot Rice. London, Thames and Hudson, 1965. Pp. 286. Maps. Illus. Bibliog. Index. 18s.

The Fortified Cities of India. By Sidney Toy. London, Heinemann, 1965. Pp. 118. Maps. Illus. Index. 50s.

Indian Pandits in the Land of Snow. By Sarat Chandra Das, Calcutta, 1893. Reprinted, with Introduction by Nirmal Chandra Sinha, by Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay, Calcutta, 1965. Pp. xii + 134. Rs. 10.

History

The Course of Empire. The Arabs and their Successors. By. Lt.‐General Sir John Glubb. London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1965. Pp. 424. Maps. Index. 42s.

Centralised Legislation. A History of the Legislative System of British India from 1834 to 1861. By S. V. Desika Char. London, Asia Publishing House, 1963. Pp. xv + 359. Bibliog. Index. 45s.

The Agrarian System of Mughal India. By Irfan Habib. London, Asia Publishing House, 1963. Published for the Department of History, Aligarh Muslim University. Pp. ix + 453. Appendices. Bibliog. Index. 50s.

Agrarian Relations and Early British Rule in India. A Case Study of the Ceded and Conquered Provinces (Uttar Pradesh), 1801–1833. By Sulekh Chandra Gupta. Asia Publishing House, London, 1963. Pp. xix + 338. Glossary. Bibliog. Index. 45s.

Nepal and the East India Company. By B. D. Sanwal. Asia Publishing House, London, 1965. Pp. viii + 345. Maps. Appendices. Index. 45s.

The Kol Insurrection of Chota‐Nagpur. By J. C. Jha. Thacker, Spink and Co. (1933) Private Ltd., Calcutta, 1964. Pp. x + 242. Bibliog. Glossary, Index. Maps. Rs. 14.

Travel

The Georgeous East. One Man's India. By Rupert Croft‐Cooke. London, W. H. Allen, 1965. Pp. 195. 25s.

World in a Grain of Sand. By Erica Linton. London, Anthony Blond, 1965. Pp. 191. 21s.

Persia Revisited. By Anne Sinclair Mehdevi. London, Michael Joseph, 1965. Pp. 173. 25s.

Persian Lions, Persian Lambs. By Curtis Harnack. London, Victor Gollancz, 1965. Pp.279. 3os.

The Great Chinese Travellers. Edited by Jeanette Mirsky. London, Allen and Unwin, 1965. Pp. 309. 30s.     

Rethinking ‘Five Eyes’ Security Intelligence Collection Policies and Practice Post Snowden

The Edward Snowden leaks challenge policy makers and the public's understanding and perspectives on the role of security intelligence in liberal democratic states. This article explores the challenges confronting security intelligence collection by the ‘Five Eyes’ countries – particularly those most affected by the leaks. We argue that the debate now needs to move beyond simplistic notions of privacy vs. security to a more detailed understanding of the policy and ethical dilemmas confronting policy makers and intelligence agencies. To that end, we provide a schematic framework (methods, context and target) to promote a better understanding of the practical, policy and ethical problems for security intelligence collection emerging post Snowden. The framework is a first step in identifying common principles that could be used develop an ethically informed set of policy guidelines to help decision makers better navigate between citizen's two basic rights: security and privacy.