全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4185篇 |
免费 | 168篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 233篇 |
工人农民 | 106篇 |
世界政治 | 439篇 |
外交国际关系 | 230篇 |
法律 | 1838篇 |
中国政治 | 19篇 |
政治理论 | 1449篇 |
综合类 | 39篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 47篇 |
2019年 | 57篇 |
2018年 | 97篇 |
2017年 | 111篇 |
2016年 | 142篇 |
2015年 | 88篇 |
2014年 | 80篇 |
2013年 | 629篇 |
2012年 | 119篇 |
2011年 | 97篇 |
2010年 | 114篇 |
2009年 | 125篇 |
2008年 | 116篇 |
2007年 | 133篇 |
2006年 | 131篇 |
2005年 | 124篇 |
2004年 | 116篇 |
2003年 | 114篇 |
2002年 | 116篇 |
2001年 | 71篇 |
2000年 | 88篇 |
1999年 | 72篇 |
1998年 | 97篇 |
1997年 | 76篇 |
1996年 | 43篇 |
1995年 | 74篇 |
1994年 | 66篇 |
1993年 | 68篇 |
1992年 | 71篇 |
1991年 | 55篇 |
1990年 | 54篇 |
1989年 | 64篇 |
1988年 | 63篇 |
1987年 | 74篇 |
1986年 | 61篇 |
1985年 | 76篇 |
1984年 | 62篇 |
1983年 | 50篇 |
1982年 | 54篇 |
1981年 | 53篇 |
1980年 | 39篇 |
1979年 | 43篇 |
1978年 | 37篇 |
1977年 | 34篇 |
1976年 | 26篇 |
1975年 | 22篇 |
1974年 | 23篇 |
1973年 | 24篇 |
1969年 | 20篇 |
排序方式: 共有4353条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
201.
Public Choice - This paper poses a deceptively simple question. It asks, how can a program or group of programs that provides distributive benefits to recipients in a minority of legislative... 相似文献
202.
203.
The progressivity and equity of both state and federal individual income taxes, as well as the combined system of both taxes, are examined before and after the federal Tax Reform Act of 1986 using a variety of measures applied to federal Statistics of Income individual income tax data; state taxes are calculated using TAXSIM. Our findings are as follows: First, in both 1985 and 1987, state personal income taxes were generally less progressive and more horizontally equitable than the federal system. Second, in moving from 1985 to 1987, state personal income tax systems generally displayed decreased progressivity and horizontal inequity. The combination of the two systems displayed generally lower progressivity and horizontal equity scores when we compare 1987 to 1985. Last, the after-tax income distribution became more unequal when we compared 1987 to 1985. 相似文献
204.
Robert P. Inman 《Journal of policy analysis and management》1993,12(1):156-180
The U.S. federalist public economy is an ever-evolving system of financing and expenditure responsibilities between local, state, and federal governments. The past decades have seen a significant centralization of responsibility for the financing of state and local public services through grants-in-aid and federal tax subsidies. This article advances a model of local constituent influence in central government fiscal policies which seeks to explain this trend, and then examines how strong executive branch and congressional leadership might begin to control the local pressures for central government financing. TRA86 is offered as one example in which this leaedership proved effective. The general lesson is that good fiscal policy in federalist public economies requires not only capable local governments, but central government political institutions with the strength to meet national needs as well. 相似文献
205.
206.
The public choice literature contains little formal analysis of the bureaucratic choice of production modes — public or private — of publicly funded services. An important question to be addressed is why some governmental bodies choose to provide a publicly funded service with publicly owned and operated production units whereas other governmental bodies contract with private firms to provide the same publicly funded service. This paper is the first formal attempt to remedy this gap in the literature. We develop a theoretical explanation of the government decision maker's choice between public and private production modes based on utility maximizing behavior. We then examine empirically this choice employing logit analysis. The empirical results, which include several tests for robustness, confirm our theoretical explanation. The results are significant and suggest that non-monetary constraints are an important factor affecting this choice of production modes and that monetary constraints are less influential. 相似文献
207.
This study explores regionalism in the appointment and decisionmakingpatterns of federal district judges. We begin with an examinationof the general appointment strategies of Ronald Reagan, JimmyCarter, and other recent presidents. The role of local constraintsin this process is emphasized. Next, the behavior of federaldistrict judges appointed by recent presidents is analyzed bycomparing levels of support for civil rights and civil libertiesclaims in cases decided during the 19771985 period. TheReagan appointees' support scores are compared with those ofjudges appointed by Carter and other recent Democratic and Republicanpresidents. Comparisons are made in the nation as a whole andalso across circuits and states. Our findings indicate thatthe Reagan appointees are less supportive of civil rights andliberties claims than judges named to the bench by Carter orother recent Democratic and Republican presidents. 相似文献
208.
209.
210.
Robert C. Rickards 《Journal of policy analysis and management》1984,4(1):56-74
Do city governments generally behave in keeping with the assumptions underlying the incremental model when they allocate their resources among competing activities? That is to say, do they try to maintain everyone's historical “fair share” of the budget in order to minimize disputes among rival participants in the decision process? Earlier studies have lacked sufficient data to address this question. However, with data from 105 West German cities, the present study is able to provide an answer. The resource allocation behavior of many of those cities seems to conform with the incremental model's assumptions. Yet for other cities, major changes in expenditure patterns from one year to the next are common. The differences in the variability of expenditure patterns across the cities studied are far from random. They are systematically associated with certain characteristics of the municipal environment. These associations, in turn, offer plausible hints about the process that leads to change in cities' spending patterns. 相似文献