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111.
112.
The study examines coercive episodes observed between young children, siblings, and their mothers in two samples of families. One sample consisted of aggressive children, the other of nonaggressive children. Aggressive children initiated more coercive chains, especially when the mother and the sibling had been acting neutrally, and engaged in longer chains than normal children. The longest coercive chain occurred when sibling conflict took place in the aggressive group. Findings showed the level of coercive behavior within chains was a function of the initiator of the chain. The initiator had substantially higher levels of negative behavior throughout the chain, compared to the level shown by the recipients of the chains. This held across both samples. Moreover, the initiator was more likely than the recipient to terminate the chain by displaying the last negative response. 相似文献
113.
114.
Rolf H. Weber 《Computer Law & Security Report》2018,34(4):701-706
Law and information technology are interlinked. Since Lessig's “code is law” the discussions address the viability of law in technology markets. But recently, the direction of view has changed by way of conversion; in the context of smart contracts, the notion “law is code” became prevalent. The contribution looks into the interdependencies between law and code and pleads for a new functional understanding of law. 相似文献
115.
Medium‐Chain Acyl‐CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency in Adulthood: A Potential Diagnosis in a Patient with Mental Status Changes Suspected of Drug Toxicity 下载免费PDF全文
Morgan Randall B.A. Cristin Rolf M.D. Stephanie Mayfield Gibson M.D. Patricia L. Hall Ph.D. Piero Rinaldo M.D. Ph.D. Gregory J. Davis M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(4):1101-1103
Medium‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is a rare but important component of the differential diagnosis for adults with a history of premortem mental status changes and the postmortem finding of hepatic steatosis. This case report describes a 30‐year‐old white man who, following a period of nausea and vomiting, was admitted to the hospital with sudden mental status deterioration followed rapidly by clinical deterioration and death. Treating physicians in this case suspected acute illicit drug toxicity with synthetic cathinones based on social history. Clinicians and medical examiners should be aware that the presentation, signs, and symptoms described may indicate an underlying inborn error of metabolism such as MCAD deficiency and take action accordingly. 相似文献
116.
Trygve Nissen M.D. Per Rørvik M.D. Laila Haugslett M.D. Rolf Wynn M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(1):259-262
Physical restraint is used as a last resort emergency measure to calm and safeguard agitated and/or aggressive psychiatric patients. This can sometimes cause injuries, and rare fatalities have occurred. One mechanism of injury and death while in physical restraint is that of severe asphyxiation. We present the case of a hospitalized man in his mid‐30s, suffering from schizophrenia. The patient was obese. He became aggressive and had to be manually restrained with a “takedown.” After having been put in the prone position on the floor with a significant weight load on his body, he lost respiration and consciousness. Subsequently, he was given CPR. He regained consciousness and respiration, while the cyanosis receded in 1–2 min. Psychiatrists and pathologists should be aware that physically restraining a patient in the prone position with a significant weight load on the torso can, in rare cases, lead to asphyxiation. 相似文献
117.
Objective
To evaluate the relative contributions of poaching and habitat loss to the endangerment of neotropical parrotsMethod
A matched case-control design was employed. Using NatureServe digitized range maps for birds in the Americas, 145 neotropical parrot species were individually matched with 145 control species, from similar ranges and, by proxy, from similar habitats. The control species were taxonomically similar, mid-sized, forest-dwelling birds that, like parrots, use holes and cavities for breeding and roosting. The conservation status of the parrots and control birds was established through the IUCN Red List of endangered species.Results
Nearly five times as many parrot species (59 out of 145) as non-parrots (13 out of 145) are threatened with extinction to some degree. In 54 out of 65 pairs with unequal conservation status, the parrot species is at greater risk of extinction.Conclusions
Subject to limitations of the matching employed and the use of range data as a proxy for habitat, it is concluded that poaching is a strong threat to the conservation of neotropical parrots—perhaps stronger than habitat loss. Criminologists therefore have an important part to play in conservation of parrots, and perhaps also in conservation of other endangered species, through identification and implementation of measures to control poaching. 相似文献118.
Sebastian N. Kunz Ph.D. Julia Aronshtam Ph.D Hans‐Rolf Tränkler Ph.D. Sybille Kraus M.D. Matthias Graw Ph.D. Oliver Peschel Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(3):659-664
Electronic control devices (ECDs) deliver high‐voltage, low‐current energy pulses temporarily paralyzing a person. For the ECD–human interaction, we have developed a computer model using the SEMCAD program within which to simulate the electrical effects throughout the body resulting from the imposition of an ECD pulse at a particular point on the body surface. Our human body models were based on cross‐sectional MRIs and CT scans, with the dielectric properties of the various tissues assigned based on previously published values. We simulated the application of a single ECD pulse and calculated the resulting electric field strength and current and charge densities at different body locations. The results were compared with corresponding values obtained by other researchers in similar simulations. Furthermore, we simulated an application of a pulse of 20‐millisecond duration equal to the European household current of 50 Hz and to the ventricular fibrillation threshold. The resulting current level indicated at the heart muscle was 1/5 the level considered the threshold for triggering ventricular fibrillation. 相似文献
119.
The persistent link between offending and victimization is one of the most robust empirical findings in criminological research.
Despite important efforts to isolate the sources of this phenomenon, it is not fully understood. Much attention has been paid
to the role of individual-level factors; however, few studies have systematically integrated neighborhood conditions. Using
prospective data from the Pittsburgh Youth Study the current research examines a set of hypotheses regarding the interplay
of neighborhood structural conditions and the victim-offender overlap. A multilevel analytical technique is applied to the
data which purges time-varying covariates of all time-stable unobserved heterogeneity. Results indicate that the relationship
between offending and victimization is pronounced in disadvantaged neighborhoods, while offending is not significantly related
to victimization risk in contexts marked by lower levels of disadvantage. The implications of the results for theory are discussed,
along with recommendations for future research. 相似文献