全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1202篇 |
免费 | 70篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 87篇 |
工人农民 | 75篇 |
世界政治 | 96篇 |
外交国际关系 | 81篇 |
法律 | 582篇 |
中国政治 | 8篇 |
政治理论 | 334篇 |
综合类 | 9篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 18篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 45篇 |
2017年 | 53篇 |
2016年 | 53篇 |
2015年 | 37篇 |
2014年 | 43篇 |
2013年 | 205篇 |
2012年 | 42篇 |
2011年 | 43篇 |
2010年 | 34篇 |
2009年 | 46篇 |
2008年 | 48篇 |
2007年 | 47篇 |
2006年 | 55篇 |
2005年 | 34篇 |
2004年 | 27篇 |
2003年 | 40篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 15篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 16篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1965年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1272条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
981.
Emotions feature prominently in political rhetoric and media frames, and they have potent effects on how people process information. Yet, existing research has largely overlooked the influence of disgust, which is a basic emotion that leads people to avoid contamination threats. We illustrate how disgust may impede learning, as compared to the more commonly studied emotion of anxiety. Disgust and anxiety are natural reactions to many kinds of political threats, but the two emotions influence political engagement in different ways. This study investigated the distinctive effects of disgust in a series of experiments that manipulated information about the outbreak of an infectious disease. People who felt disgusted by a health threat were less likely to learn crucial facts about the threat and less likely to seek additional information. Thus, disgust has the counterintuitive effect of decreasing public engagement in precisely those situations where it is most critical. 相似文献
982.
Making Washington Work: Legislative Entrepreneurship and the Personal Vote from the Gilded Age to the Great Depression 下载免费PDF全文
Studies of bill sponsorship in the modern Congress highlight the effects of constituency characteristics, seniority, and committee membership. These studies, however, are limited in their ability to assess the effects of institutions. We provide the first systematic study of bill sponsorship in the premodern House of Representatives. In doing so, we take advantage of this period's expansive legislative agenda and variation in electoral system rules. Using matching and event count models, we estimate the effects of institutions, electoral competition, and members’ institutional positions and political experiences on their sponsorship of different types of bills. We find that two reforms—the Australian ballot and nominating primary—increased sponsorship of bills designed to cultivate personal votes, thereby contributing to the growth in private legislation and bills aimed at local constituencies. Our results establish these reforms as a major event shaping lawmaking activity and, with it, the character of contemporary representation. 相似文献
983.
Scott Ashworth Ethan Bueno de Mesquita Amanda Friedenberg 《American journal of political science》2018,62(1):37-54
An important empirical literature evaluates whether voters are rational by examining how electoral outcomes respond to events outside the control of politicians, such as natural disasters or economic shocks. The argument is that rational voters should not base electoral decisions on such events, so evidence that these events affect electoral outcomes is evidence of voter irrationality. We show that such events can affect electoral outcomes, even if voters are rational and have instrumental preferences. The reason is that these events change voters' opportunities to learn new information about incumbents. Thus, identifying voter (ir)rationality requires more than just identifying the impact of exogenous shocks on electoral fortunes. Our analysis highlights systematic ways in which electoral fortunes are expected to change in response to events outside incumbents' control. Such results can inform empirical work attempting to identify voter (ir)rationality. 相似文献
984.
985.
Are bureaucracies in fact controlled by the president, Congress, or legislation? We analyze a 1998 policy change in the Department of Defense’s (DoD) $6.5 billion annual military housing allowance program. Results show that both the president and Congress were able to influence the bureaucracy, even in the presence of an exceedingly specific law that outlined the manner in which the DoD was to allocate the funds. After policy implementation, allowances were disproportionately higher in locations that (a) supported the president in the 1996 election and (b) were represented by members of the House or Senate Armed Services Committees. 相似文献
986.
Michael J. Ensley Michael W. Tofias Scott de Marchi 《American journal of political science》2009,53(4):990-1005
Scholars of congressional elections have argued that an increase in constituent diversity increases the level of electoral competition. Following models of boundedly rational candidates, we argue that there is strong reason to believe that the opposite is true. As the complexity of the electoral landscape increases, challengers will have a more difficult time locating an optimal platform when facing an experienced incumbent. Using data from the 2000 National Annenberg Election Study, we construct a novel measure of district complexity for U.S. House districts and test whether the entry of quality challengers and the incumbent's share of the two-party vote are affected by the complexity of the electoral landscape. We find strong support for the hypothesis that complexity benefits incumbents for both indicators of electoral competition, which stands in contrast to most of the existing literature on diversity and incumbent performance . 相似文献
987.
988.
David Blazar Blake Heller Thomas J. Kane Morgan Polikoff Douglas O. Staiger Scott Carrell Dan Goldhaber Douglas N. Harris Rachel Hitch Kristian L. Holden Michal Kurlaender 《Journal of policy analysis and management》2020,39(4):966-1019
Can a school or district improve student achievement simply by switching to a higher-quality textbook or curriculum? We conducted the first multi-textbook, multi-state effort to estimate textbook efficacy following widespread adoption of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) and associated changes in the textbook market. Pooling textbook adoption and student test score data across six geographically and demographically diverse U.S. states, we found little evidence of differences in average achievement gains for schools using different math textbooks. We found some evidence of greater variation in achievement gains among schools using pre-CCSS editions, which may have been more varied in their content than post-CCSS editions because they were written for a broader set of standards. We also found greater variation among schools that had more exposure to a given text. However, these differences were small. Despite considerable interest and attention to textbooks as a low-cost, “silver bullet” intervention for improving student outcomes, we conclude that the adoption of a new textbook or set of curriculum materials, on its own, is unlikely to achieve this goal. 相似文献
989.
In order to move beyond the existing push/pull framework to understand disengagement, we apply a systematic coding scheme derived from Mayer and colleagues' integrative model of organizational trust to examine why people leave extremist groups. In doing so, we also rely on in-depth life history interviews with twenty former left- and right-wing extremists to examine whether antecedents of distrust vary between the two groups. Findings suggest substantial similarities and important differences between left- and right-wing extremists' decision to leave. In particular, perceptions of poor planning and organization, low-quality personnel and vindictive behavior generate perceptions of organizational distrust and disillusionment. Although findings from the current study are based on a relatively small sample, notable similarities were identified between both groups regarding sources of distrust (e.g., leaders, group members). We also identified differences regarding the role of violence in weakening solidarity and nurturing disillusionment with extremist activities. We conclude this article with suggestions for future research that extend the study of terrorism and that may have significance for how practitioners address countering violent extremism initiatives. 相似文献
990.
Jennifer Stuart Mark Fondacaro Scott A. Miller Veda Brown Eve M. Brank 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(6):674-684
The involvement of adolescents with deviant peer groups is one of the strongest proximal correlates to juvenile delinquency
and stems from a variety of causes. Past research has linked ineffective parenting with peer variables, including deviant
peer group involvement and peer conflict during adolescence. In this study, adolescents’ appraisals of procedural justice
within the family (adolescents’ appraisals of how fairly they are treated by parents in the process of resolving family conflict)
were examined as one aspect of effective parenting that may relate to deviant peer group involvement in early adolescence.
Data from 1660 middle school students (ages 11–14, mean = 12.6) indicated that higher appraisals by adolescents of procedural
justice during family conflict resolution were related to lower levels of both peer conflict and deviant peer group involvement.
A structural model was tested in which the relationship between adolescents’ appraisals of procedural justice in the family
and deviant peer group involvement was partially mediated by measures of peer conflict. This model was found to have adequate
fit to the data, indicating that part of the relationship between procedural justice appraisals and deviant peer group involvement
can be explained by levels of peer conflict. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Jennifer L. Stuart is a doctoral student in Counseling Psychology at the University of Florida. Her research interests include adolescent development and juvenile justice. Mark R. Fondacaro is a Professor of Psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice—CUNY. He received his Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Indiana University and his J.D. from Columbia University School of Law. His major research interests are ecological jurisprudence and the conceptualization and assessment of procedural justice in legal and extra-legal contexts including the family and the juvenile justice and health care systems. Scott A. Miller is Professor of Psychology at the University of Florida. He received his Ph.D. in Child Development from the University of Minnesota. His research focuses on cognitive development in children. Veda E. Brown is an Assistant Professor of Juvenile Justice and Psychology at Prairie View A&M University, Texas. Her research interests include cognitive development in early childhood, especially with reference to the role of parents. Eve M. Brank is an assistant professor in the Department of Criminology, Law and Society at the University of Florida. She received her Ph.D. in Social Psychology and her J.D. from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Law/Psychology program. Her research focuses primarily on families, juveniles, and especially parental responsibility laws. 相似文献
Mark FondacaroEmail: |
Jennifer L. Stuart is a doctoral student in Counseling Psychology at the University of Florida. Her research interests include adolescent development and juvenile justice. Mark R. Fondacaro is a Professor of Psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice—CUNY. He received his Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Indiana University and his J.D. from Columbia University School of Law. His major research interests are ecological jurisprudence and the conceptualization and assessment of procedural justice in legal and extra-legal contexts including the family and the juvenile justice and health care systems. Scott A. Miller is Professor of Psychology at the University of Florida. He received his Ph.D. in Child Development from the University of Minnesota. His research focuses on cognitive development in children. Veda E. Brown is an Assistant Professor of Juvenile Justice and Psychology at Prairie View A&M University, Texas. Her research interests include cognitive development in early childhood, especially with reference to the role of parents. Eve M. Brank is an assistant professor in the Department of Criminology, Law and Society at the University of Florida. She received her Ph.D. in Social Psychology and her J.D. from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Law/Psychology program. Her research focuses primarily on families, juveniles, and especially parental responsibility laws. 相似文献