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861.
The potential of consensus building is dependent upon overcoming difficulties associated with the challenges in getting parties to the table. This article builds a framework for understanding the factors and variables most fundamentally involved in the initiation of consensus-building efforts. Nine factors involved at the beginning of a consensus-building process are identified and outlined. The framework is structured on three major functions of the initiation phase: the definition of the problem, the structure of negotiation, and the motivation to participate. 相似文献
862.
Netherlands International Law Review - 相似文献
863.
864.
865.
Craig S. Galbraith Alex F. DeNoble Sanford B. Ehrlich 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2004,29(3-4):377-382
This study investigates the types of factors which can lead to government acquisition, or the “spin-in” of bio-defense technologies from small bio-technology firms. Empirical findings suggest that for small biotechnology R&D firms desiring to increase “spin-in” technology transfer, there appears to be two distinct and important influence groups—the scientific community within federal agencies, institutes, and centers, and the more managerial, policy-oriented decisions makers. We found that personal communication and networking appear to be the primary factor that leads to a successful technology transfer, however, the form and substance of personal communication and networking will differ between the two influence groups. 相似文献
866.
Rather than competing with socioeconomic variables as directdeterminants of state policy, political system characteristicsmay operate as mediating factors that either facilitate or impedethe translation of constituency preferences into policy. Inthis study, the state opinion liberalism index presented byGerald Wright, Robert Erikson, and John Mclver is incorporatedin multiplicative regression models as a measure of citizenpreferences to address this theoretical reformulation. Althoughpervasive empirical corroboration is not found for the reconceptualizedrole for political variables, political system characteristicsdo demonstrate significant effects on state policy. In addition,suggesting that public officials responddirectly to citizenpreferences, evidence ispresentedon democratic representationwithin the states. 相似文献
867.
Robert Barry 《Society》1992,29(5):25-28
He has written widely on issues of moral theory, medical ethics, and moral theology. He is author of Medical Ethicsand co-editor of Set No Limits.He is currently completing a book titled The Distant Edge of Lifewhich examines Roman Catholic teaching on rational suicide. 相似文献
868.
Much of the research which has been conducted to date regarding stress and police officers has focused on identifying the
presence of stress, associating stress with specific stressors, and comparing levels of stress between police officers and
members of other professions. This project focused on the influence of one potential mediator of stress—religious activity.
Data were collected from a population of law enforcement officers from a medium sized city and from a comparison group of
firefighters from the same city. The data indicate that religiosity has two factors (1) traditional beliefs and activities
and (2) religious satisfaction and perceived influence of religion on subject’s everyday lives. The second factor was found
to be negatively related to stress for police officers. As religious satisfaction and perceived influence increase, stress
increases. 相似文献
869.
870.
In 1985 the national party organizations continued to expandtheir spheres of activity into state and local politics. Bothparties made preparations for extensive involvement in the 1986state legislative elections. The Republican National Committeeinitiated programs to aid county party organizations, to induceDemocratic state legislators to join the GOP, and to encourageDemocratic voters to switch their party registration. The nationalDemocratic party continued to assert authority over state partiesas it engaged in the quadrennial practice of rules reform. Incontrast to the past, the 1985 reform process resulted in nosignificant rules changes and in little intra-party skirmishing.Both parties, however, were forced to recognize the limits ofnational party influence in state and local politics. 相似文献