我国法院招考制度评析与法官选任制度重建

在“凡进必考”的要求下,我国各级人民法院当前多已采用公务员考试模式招考“工作人员”。但无论从报考条件、考试内容,还是考试方式来看,这种招考制度都不能被认为是遴选法官的理想模式。重新审视法院招考制度,将法官的选任从目前普遍采用的招录法官助理、书记员甚至法警、法院行政人员的公务员考试中分离出来,疏通成熟法律人才进法官队伍的渠道,建立符合司法特质、体现法官独立要求的法官选任制度是我们的当务之急。     

从行政复议的价值定位看我国行政复议制度的缺陷

笔者认为在行政复议中正义价值与效率价值应是绝对的且是并重的，其一，行政复议作为一种特殊的行政行为应具有行政法的效率价值；其二，行政复议制度作为一项特殊的救济制度，其正义价值也是不可或缺的。在任何情况下行政复议都不能放弃正义、效率价值定位。而我国行政复议制度的设计恰恰忽略了效率和正义价值的重要性．过分的强调了程序的作用。行政复议本就是行政行为，是在行使国家行政权力，这是行政复议机关的权力而不是权利，不作为行政或错误行政都应有相应的法律责任，尤其是维持错误行政行为的外部法律责任。另外行政复议从其是行政的性质来分析，行政复议不应是终局的，行政相对人对其不服还应有司法救济的权利。     

国际法在欧洲国家的适用问题研究

欧洲是国际法的发源地,关于国际法与国内法关系的学说最早于英国出现。国际习惯法与国际条约是国际法的主要渊源,考察欧洲国家适用国际习惯法与国际条约的法律规定与实践,国际法在欧洲国家有不同的适用问题。     

Fiscal Federalism and Provincial Foreign Tax Policies in China

This paper employs province-level data between 1992 and 2000 to assess the impact of fiscal federalism and pro-internationalization industrial groups on provincial foreign tax efforts in China. It argues that part of the provincial variation in tax efforts on foreign investors is related to the level of fiscal autonomy, the strength of pro-internationalization industrial groups, and provincial economic conditions. The level of fiscal autonomy is found to be positively associated with provincial governments' tax efforts on foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs). Transfer-dependent provinces tend to have lower effective tax rates on FIEs than transfer-contributing provinces. The transfer systems designed to combat regional inequality and absorb regional shocks may undermine incentives for local governments to be fiscally responsible, potentially resulting in over-consumption. In addition, provinces that have strong pro-internationalization industrial groups or disadvantaged economic conditions tend to have lower effective tax rates on FIEs.     

中国经济的内部平衡与外部平衡——从国民收入账户分析中国的贸易平衡

从国民收入账户的角度,围绕宏观经济的内部平衡与外部平衡问题,分析中国贸易平衡的成因及其内、外部影响,并用计量方法进行实证.结果表明从世界各国的情况看,平均消费倾向与贸易平衡存在明显的负相关性;中国的贸易平衡状况则与其低消费、高投资的内部平衡状况密切相关,这种内、外部平衡关系的模式存在着较大的风险,缺乏一定的持续性.基于这些分析结果,提出了若干针对性的政策建议.     

Four Lessons for Developing Countries from the Trade Negotiations Over Access to Medicines

After the Agreement on the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) came into operation in 1995 developing countries have found themselves in a process of continual negotiation over intellectual property rights and access to medicines. These negotiations have taken place in the World Trade Organization and in the context of free trade agreements. The paper suggests that the only real win for developing countries has been the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health in 2001. What have been the lessons for developing countries in a decade of negotiations over access to medicines? Drawing on themes of rule complexity and regulatory ritualism the paper discusses four key lessons for developing countries. It concludes by arguing that developing countries will do better if they adopt a networked governance approach to negotiation rather than continuing to rely on traditional coalition formation.     

“The Spectacle of Fearsome Acts”: Crime in the Melting P(l)ot in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gangs of New York</Emphasis>

This paper explores the multi-layered representations of violence and crime in the recent Hollywood film Gangs of New York [Scorcese (2003) Miramax]. We use our exploration of this film to suggest that popular culture, even through its most mainstream products, can be seen as a critical criminological space where alternative views of law, crime and the state are made available. Rather than understanding Hollywood movies simply as vehicles for disseminating conventional mores, we suggest that they can furnish critical (and complex) points of view on law and crime and that the project of a critical criminology can be strengthened by engaging more forthrightly with these ubiquitous cultural forms.     

美国对上海合作组织的看法及政策

美国对上海合作组织的看法,在2005年以后出现了明显的变化。主要表现在学界和战略分析界此前没有太多的关注,其后不仅重视程度提高,且敌视和防范意识明显增强。这将影响美国对上合组织的政策变化。     

我国企业管理信息化问题探索

文章从企业管理信息化的角度,阐述了管理信息化的重大意义,分析了我国目前企业管理信息化的现状和存在的问题,提出今后推进企业管理信息化的思路。文章认为,只有加快推进管理信息化,才能提高管理水平,提高经济效益,增强企业的市场竞争力。