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121.
Spencer Zifcak 《Australian Journal of Public Administration》2001,60(2):86-98
Contractualism, as concept and practice, may be defined in different ways (Yeatman 1995, 1998). In this article I am concerned with contracting out or outsourcing as it is otherwise known. That is, I focus upon the process whereby functions undertaken formerly by government are now performed by private or voluntary organisations in a contractual relationship with public service departments and agencies. Whereas departments and agencies once provided a full panoply of services directly, government purchasers now select providers by tendering competitively for an expanding range of employment, education, health, social welfare and local government services. Contractualism, then, involves the recon-figuation of public service provision to favour quasi-commercial rather than bureaucratic forms. 相似文献
122.
Tom Spencer 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2003,3(4):392-395
This paper argues that Western democracies will have to renegotiate their constitutional and psychological relationship with their intelligence agencies. This follows from the changing role of the intelligence services after the end of the Cold War and recent events surrounding the beginning of the Gulf War. The paper examines the impact of spies and the public affairs function in a world of failed and failing states and concludes that, however uncomfortable, public affairs should not deny its relationship to power. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications 相似文献
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The recent opening under the 30-year rule of official papers concerning the Industrial Relations Act 1971 makes it possible to reappraise the conventional view of this short-lived statute and also more general implications of the process of policy making at a time of acute political crisis. The papers shed new light on the relationship between the government and the judiciary, in particular the President of the National Industrial Relations Court, Sir John Donaldson. They provide empirical evidence of how the judicial and political arms of government dealt with social and industrial upheavals and they prompt reflections on the nature of the separation of powers in the United Kingdom's constitutional arrangements. It is argued that, in examining the nature and extent of judicial independence, constitutional law scholars have hitherto concentrated on executive influence on the judiciary and tended to ignore the extent to which judges may secretly influence politicians. 相似文献
127.
Tom Spencer 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2001,1(2):187-188
As part of the ECPA's regular contribution to the Journal, Tom Spencer reviews the new fashionability of governance and examines its confused interface with civil society. He invites participation in the ECPA civil society project, reviews some recent relevant literature and appeals for a coherent current bibliography in this politically urgent field. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications 相似文献
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Dale Spencer 《Criminal Law and Philosophy》2011,5(1):39-52
This article contributes to recent existentialist interventions in critical criminology (see Lippens and Crewe 2009) and offers the existential concept of ‘event’ as a guiding image for critical victimology. Whereas existential criminologists
have examined crime and wrongdoing, very little attention has been given to victimization. I utilize the existential phenomenology
of Martin Heidegger and Claude Romano to offer a critique of existing approaches to victimization within mainstream criminology
and develop an evential
analytic to understand the event of victimization. This paper brings together existential philosophy and victimology to offer an alternative
approach to victimization. I engage with the ‘problem of number’ in conventional victimology and offer a critique of quantitative
approaches to victimization based on the unsubstitutability and singularity of existence. Through a discussion of selfhood
and embodiment from an evential standpoint, this paper moves beyond existing victimological approaches to identity. I also
consider the relationship between victimization and trauma. In the final section of the paper I carve out an alternative research
agenda through a discussion of bearing witness and events of victimization. 相似文献
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