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Steven Towler BS Marta Concheiro PhD Sue Pearring MS Luke N. Rodda PhD 《Journal of forensic sciences》2021,66(1):375-382
Performing point‐of‐care urine drug screen testing at autopsy by a forensic pathologist may provide an early indication of the presence of analytes of interest during autopsy. An evaluation for the screening of 14 classes of common drugs of abuse in postmortem urine by the point‐of‐care screening device, Alere iCup DX 14, is presented. One hundred ninety postmortem urine samples were screened with the iCup occurring at autopsy by the forensic pathologist. Positive and negative results obtained from the screening kit were evaluated against confirmatory test results obtained using routine forensic toxicology analyses that employed LC‐MS/MS and GC‐MS to detect a combination of over 85 common drugs of abuse and medications. Sensitivity for each respective iCup drug class ranged from 66% (buprenorphine) to 100% (methadone, tricyclic antidepressants). Specificity for each respective iCup drug class ranged from 89% (benzodiazepines) to 100% (amphetamines, barbiturates, buprenorphine, 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methadone). Positive predictive values ranged from 44% (benzodiazepines) to 100% (amphetamines, barbiturates, buprenorphine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methadone), while negative predictive values ranged from 96% (methamphetamine) to 100% (barbiturates, methadone, tricyclic antidepressants). A high false‐positive rate was yielded by the benzodiazepine class. The lack of fentanyl screening in the point‐of‐care device is a significant limitation considering its prolific prevalence in forensic casework. The results obtained in the study should be acknowledged when considering the use of the Alere iCup DX 14 in the context of postmortem casework to help indicate potential drug use contemporaneously with autopsy and when requiring such preliminary results prior to the release of a final forensic toxicology report. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThis article discusses established and more recent methodological and theoretical strategies in histories of women’s education. The established approaches to histories of women’s education with which the article begins include networks, sites, technologies of the self and Bourdieusian notions of reproduction. To explore recent approaches that foreground processes and practices, the article then focuses on accounts that trace how gender has been made visible and audible in and through education, and how affect may become durable and thread across a scene, a site or an institution. This is followed by discussion of posthumanist strategies that orient the researcher to how human beings come into relation with one another and with non-human life with consequences for notions of temporality and context. The article ends by calling for dialogue to open up pathways framing the geopolitics of histories of women’s education. 相似文献
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Kay Schaffer, Women and the Bush: Forces of Desire in the Australian Cultural Tradition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1988. 相似文献
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The literature on the history of industrial diseases is scanty, especially for byssinosis – a chronic respiratory illness caused by exposure to cotton dust that was prevalent in Lancashire cotton mills from the early nineteenth century. This article uses government, legal, medical, and trade union records to explore the development of state compensation for byssinosis. This began in 1941, but not until the early 1970s did compensation extend to all affected workers. Even then, dissatisfaction with state benefits for byssinosis ensured a steady stream of common law actions after 1975. Most of these were settled, highlighting the failure of government and industry to control dust and safeguard workers' health. Government aversion to increasing costs in a declining industry was a major factor in the development of an inequitable compensation system, which shifted many of the costs of industrial disease onto cotton workers. 相似文献
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Principal investigators sow the seeds for successful institutionalization and sustainability of their ADVANCE grants when
they make the decision to submit the grant and plan the goals, objectives, and activities underpinning the particular aspects
of institutional transformation that their university will pursue within a general framework to advance faculty women to senior
and leadership positions. Receiving the National Science Foundation (NSF) funding in a very competitive, peer-reviewed program
and the relatively large size of the NSF grants carry considerable prestige. It is the institutional investment in terms of
both human and capital resources and commitment on the parts of administrators and faculty to establish, change, and implement
policies and practices to support ADVANCE that leverages the NSF support and assures long-term impact of the initiative. 相似文献
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