微波消解-扫描电镜联用法在溺死诊断中的应用

目的探讨微波消解-扫描电镜联用法在溺死诊断中的应用价值。方法收集已知死因的尸体标本105例,其中水中尸体85例(生前溺死70例,死后抛尸入水15例),陆地自然死亡尸体20例。水中死亡案例同时收集落水处水样。分别用微波消解-扫描电镜联用法(方法 A)和硝酸破机-光镜联用法(方法 B)对上述尸体的离体肺、肝、肾、骨髓组织及水样进行硅藻定性、定量检测。结果①溺死尸体的肺、肝、肾、骨髓中及落水处水样硅藻检出率:A法分别为100%、94.3%、92.9%、82.9%、100%,硅藻检验阳性率为100%;B法分别为90%、62.9%、51.4%、28.6%、92.9%,硅藻检验阳性率为65.7%。②两种方法检出的硅藻种类与落水处水样中硅藻的种类均一致。③两种方法在死后入水尸体离体的肺中也检出少量硅藻(<3个/2g肺组织),但在死后入水尸体的其它脏器及陆地自然死亡尸体脏器中均未检出硅藻。结论微波消解-扫描电镜联用法较硝酸破机-光镜联用法对尸体离体组织脏器中的硅藻检出率高,方法灵敏,定性准确。     

知识产权权利冲突之命题解构

知识产权权利冲突研究近年来不断升温,实务界和学术界都很关注。知识产权权利冲突作为一个法学概念,系对特定法律现象从法学角度做出的归纳总结,其本身具有一定的模糊性,需要在学术讨论中达成共识。知识产权权利冲突与法律冲突、知识产权侵权是相区别的概念,不应一概而论地否定对权利冲突的研究价值。知识产权权利冲突有积极的意义,但也有消极的影响,研究权利冲突最终的价值在于减少消极影响,促进权利体系完善和发展。     

关于完善劳动关系协调机制的理性思考与对策建议

劳动关系是市场经济条件下涉及面最广、影响力最大的社会经济关系,劳动关系的和谐对于社会主义和谐社会的构建具有基础性的地位。当前和谐劳动关系工作,应认真研究把握现阶段劳动关系的基本矛盾,查找不和谐的因素,构建和谐劳动关系的理论、政策、法治支撑体系和社会支持体系,完善工会维权机制,现实而前瞻地服务于劳动关系的建立、运行、监督和调处全过程。     

A study of DNA transfers onto plastic packets placed in personal bags

The ability to detect low level DNA brings with it the uncertainty of whether the detected DNA is a result of transfer. To address this uncertainty, a simulation study was conducted in which a mock illicit drug packet was placed into the personal bags of individuals. When the average transit time of the packets was increased from around 2 h to more than 14 h, the percentage of the DNA profiles recovered from the packets which could be attributed to the individuals increased greatly from 5.3% to 48.6%. We found that drug packers who were poor shedders could not be included as contributors to the DNA profiles from the drug packets at all and there was a higher chance that individuals other than themselves could be included as contributors to the DNA profile recovered from drug packets. We also found that it was equally likely that the drug packers who had direct contact with the drug packets and bag owners who did not, could be included as contributors to the DNA profiles recovered from the packets. The results in this study highlight the importance of taking into consideration the transit time of drug packet, the shedder status of the alleged packer and the history of an item, when evaluating DNA evidence in the context of illicit drug activities.     

Mini-Stimulus to Fuel Reforms

正At the present time,China is in need of economic stimulus,a fact testified to by the struggling branches of some banks and the sluggish manufacturing industry.The country should no longer base its optimistic mood solely on the explosive growth of the information technology(IT)and e-commerce industries.Without the upgrading of its manufacturing sector,China’s economy will     

司法改革“上海方案”价值评析

在当前改革的关键时期,司法改革的核心是提高司法的公信力,树立司法的权威。我国三轮司法改革的实践证明,司法行政化与司法地方化是影响司法独立和司法公正的两大障碍性因素。如何根据法治的一般理论,遵循法治的基本规律,建构能够解决中国问题的具有中国特色的司法体制与机制,是中央顶层设计和地方实践探索的关键。“上海方案”作为本轮司法改革的先驱者,所探行的“员额制”、责任制、人财物统一管理体制等,彰显了司法改革的顶层设计性、开拓性、试水性、引领性等系列价值。同时,“上海方案”在具体制度的设计与实施中,还需要缜密论证与审慎推行。     

案卷移送主义视野下的非法证据排除规则

早在新民主主义革命时期,一些革命根据地就在刑事诉讼中形成了案卷移送主义的司法传统。在第一部刑事诉讼法典颁布以后,案卷移送主义被视为职权主义审判方式的重要配套措施。在对抗制审判方式改革和刑事诉讼法的两次修改过程中,案卷移送主义不仅由庭前移送发展到庭后移送,而且由司法层面上升到立法层面。尽管案卷移送主义在特定条件下具有一定积极意义,但是在案卷材料与法庭之间的联系没有被彻底切断的情况下,非法证据排除规则存在的必要性就会大打折扣。因为,案卷移送主义不仅导致法庭的非法证据调查流于形式,而且导致法庭难以排除受到辩护方质疑的非法证据。     

基层公务员创新何以提升“放管服”改革成效?——基于组织学视角的逻辑解释

"放管服"改革是全面深化改革的重要内容,而基层公务员是打通"放管服"改革落地"最后一公里"的关键。探索如何将基层公务员创新行为转化为卓越的"放管服"改革成效具有重要现实意义。本研究基于行为公共管理视角,探索基层公务员创新行为对"放管服"改革成效的积极效果,通过对158家单位、793个有效配对样本的跨层次分析,结果表明,基层公务员创新行为对"放管服"改革任务绩效、政务服务满意度有显著的促进作用。其中,改革目标清晰度、服务群众导向会促进基层公务员创新行为对"放管服"改革任务绩效、政务服务满意度的积极影响。     

统战宣传工作的问题与对策研究——以江门市为例

开展统一战线宣传工作是统战部的主要职责。目前,统战宣传仍存在思想重视不够、机构不健全、经费不足、效果不明显等问题。江门市素有“中国第一侨乡”的美誉,统战资源丰富,强而有力的统战宣传工作使江门统一战线各领域工作事半功倍,有力地促进了江门统战工作的发展。本课题深入调研江门市统战宣传工作情况,分析现状,找出问题,并结合实际,提出对策建议。     

Rapid and nondestructive analysis of lipstick on different substrates using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics

Lipstick can be an important piece of evidence in crimes like murders, rapes, and suicides. Due to its prevalence, it can be an important corroborative evidence in crime reconstruction. The analysis of such evidence can provide an evidentiary link between the suspect, the victim, object, or the crime scene. We report the use of nondestructive ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics for the classification of 10 brands of lipsticks with nine samples each. Chemometric method of partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) has been employed to interpret the data and classify the samples into their respective classes. The PLS-DA model provides an AUC figure above 0.99 in all brands except one; for which it is slightly less at 0.94. We have also tested the traces of these lipstick samples on different substrates treating them as unknowns in the already trained PLS-DA model. 100% of the samples on nine substrates viz. a cotton, nylon, plastic, dry tissue, denim (blue jeans), wet tissue, nitrile gloves, white paper, and polyester were correctly attributed to their source brand. In conclusion, the results suggest that ATR-FTIR combined with the chemometrics is a rapid, nondestructive, and accurate method for the discrimination and source attribution of lipstick. This study has potential for use in actual forensic casework conditions.