技术创新生态价值背离探析

技术创新因其生态功能而蕴涵着生态价值.但是,由于市场经济单一目标的追求,导致了技术创新生态价值的背离.需要探讨造成生态价值背离深刻的认识论原因和社会原因,实现技术创新生态价值的回归,确立技术创新生态化的范式转变,促进人与自然的和谐发展.     

诚信与社会主义荣辱观教育

诚信是道德哲学的重要范畴,是人立身处世的根本原则,更是社会主义荣辱观的重要内容之一。诚信是维系人际合作、保障社会存在发展的纽带。在全球化下,培养诚信伦理更有利于促进人的全面发展。     

权利与权力 价值与目的——关于刑事强制措施之法理阐释

本文通过对刑事诉讼强制措施的历史发展沿革之阐述、刑事诉讼强制措施本质上的权力与权利之分析、刑事诉讼强制措施法律控制的法理内涵棗法律与权力关系之阐发、刑事诉讼强制措施的诉讼价值和目的的评价,从系统性和整体性的层面上,批判与分析我国刑事诉讼强制措施基本理论现状,提出相关认识,以促进刑事强制措施理论的完善,推进我国司法实践中的刑事强制措施实施民主化、人权化、进步化之发展趋向。     

Drinking and driving in Singapore, 1987 to 1989.

Between 1987 and 1989 there were approximately 5,000 cases of fatal and injury-sustained road traffic accidents, of which 2.3-3.0% were alcohol related (blood alcohol levels greater than the legal limit of 80 mg% ethanol). The offenders of alcohol-related accidents are mostly Chinese (> 79%), male (> 98%), and more often 30-40 years old. The majority of the alcohol-related accidents (> 74%) took place between 8 P.M. and 4 A.M. in fine weather and light traffic. Rear-end, head-on, and side-on collisions comprised > 60% of all the alcohol-related accidents, and losing control of vehicles approximately 30%. Drunken driving cases for the same period that were not accidents showed a number of characteristics similar to those for accidents. In Singapore, motorcycle riders and pedestrians are more prone to road fatality than other road-user groups. International comparisons of road fatalities per 100,000 population gave Singapore one of the lowest accident rates (8.1-8.4) as compared with countries such as Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States, New Zealand, Canada, and Japan.     

"先发制人"战略与国际法

美国的"先发制人"战略形式上是以传统国际法中的预先自卫权为其理论依据的.传统国际法承认国家可以先发制人,但<联合国宪章>生效后,国际社会对于国家是否仍享有预先自卫权存在广泛争议.因此,先发制人在国际法上的合法性是不确定的.实质上,美国的"先发制人"战略大大超越了预先自卫的范畴,走向了预防性行动或预防性战争,它已经而且必将继续对国际秩序和国际法产生很大冲击.从根本上说,这是国际法需要完善的问题.不久前,联合国高级名人小组、安南秘书长在他们各自的报告中就武力使用问题提出了一些有益的主张,对于国际法的完善具有一定的指导意义.     

Identification of exhumed remains of fire tragedy victims using conventional methods and autosomal/Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat DNA profiling

In a fire tragedy in Manila in December 1998, one of the worst tragic incidents which resulted in the reported death of 23 children, identity could not be established initially resulting in the burial of still unidentified bodies. Underscoring the importance of identifying each of the human remains, the bodies were exhumed 3 months after the tragedy. We describe here our work, which was the first national case handled by local laboratories wherein conventional and molecular-based techniques were successfully applied in forensic identification. The study reports analysis of DNA obtained from skeletal remains exposed to conditions of burning, burial, and exhumation. DNA typing methods using autosomal and Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) markers reinforced postmortem examinations using conventional identification techniques. The strategy resulted in the identification of 18 out of the 21 human remains analyzed, overcoming challenges encountered due to the absence of established procedures for the recovery of mass disaster remains. There was incomplete antemortem information to match the postmortem data obtained from the remains of 3 female child victims. Two victims were readily identified due to the availability of antemortem tissues. In the absence of this biologic material, parentage testing was performed using reference blood samples collected from parents and relatives. Data on patrilineal lineage based on common Y-STR haplotypes augmented autosomal DNA typing, particularly in deficiency cases.     

论民事推定证据制度的完善

民事推定是“谁主张谁举证”这一基本证据制度的补充,其实质是法官自由裁量权的重要内容,它免除了原告对推定事实的举证责任。国外法学对推定的研究比较成熟,而我国虽然有些立法推定,但是法学理论界未能深入探讨,导致司法审判实践的混乱。本文审视了当今民事推定的发展趋势,揭示了我国民事推定证据制度存在的问题后,对民事推定的基本概念、法律意义、法哲学基础、构成要件及其适用作全面的分析、归纳,并提出自己尝试性的观点,以期进一步完善我国的证据制度,推动民事经济审判中证据制度的改革走向深入。     

壮族人群3个STR基因座基因频率分布及其法医学应用

研究3个STR基因座（D21S11、HumFGA、D19S253）在广西壮族人群中的基因频率分布及其在实际检案中的应用价值。以自制等位基因Ladder样品作为标准对照,用PCR结合PAGE技术对3个STR基因座的扩增产物进行分型。结果显示：D21S11基因座有14个等位基因,有44个基因型;HumFGA基因座有15个等位基因,40个基因型;D195253基因座有9个等位基因,23个基因型。经检验,3个STR基因座基因型分布均符合Hardy－Weinberg平衡,累计个体识别力（DP）为0．9995。3个STR基因座在壮族人群属高识别力遗传标记系统,在法医学个体识别及亲权鉴定方面有重要价值。     

四川省农村留守妇女基本医疗保障享有状况及影响因素研究

本研究以川东、川西、川南三个地区为调查地点,采用随机抽样的方法,主要对农村留守妇女的医疗保障现状与影响因素进行研究。Logistic回归分析结果显示家庭收入、文化水平、思想观念以及法律法规制度不完善是影响她们参加医疗保障的主要因素,而个人身体素质对留守妇女是否参与医疗保障没有显著性影响。必须采取积极举措,以提高四川农村留守妇女基本医疗保障参与率。     

新时期社会管理的改革路径探析

本文从总体上分析了新时期我国社会管理的基本现状,提出了我国社会管理过程中存在的问题,初步提出了我国社会管理改革与创新的路径选择。