Estimating the economic model of Hundi using micro-level data

Following Friedman et al. (2000), we have developed an economic model of Hundi (an informal money transfer system) behavior and is designated to identify the factors that determine the channels (formal or informal) used by remitters. The model is empirically tested using Tobit analysis for a sample of 132 returned migrants of greater Sylhet region in Bangladesh with work experience in 11 different host countries. Our findings suggest that sending remittances through Hundi first increases with age, peaks at one point, and then declines thereafter. It is observed that single or unmarried migrants are more likely to remit through Hundi, while relatively educated migrants have the opposite preferences. Cost and financing of migration have significant impact on an individual’s decision to choose the remitting channel. It is also found that the nature of the migration and type of job abroad affect an individual’s decision to use the remitting channel. Furthermore, migrants who have no ability to speak the language of the country of destination are generally more inclined to remit through an informal channel. Finally, migrants who receive low commission to remit, have families or relatives living in remote areas and mainly dependent on remittances, and have the opportunity to remit in holidays are more likely to remit through Hundi than their counterparts.     

伪狂犬病病毒感染小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖特性

体外分离培养小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞,用伪狂犬病病毒感染骨髓间充质干细胞,通过细胞病变观察、毒力测定、PCR及间接免疫荧光试验,评估了伪狂犬病病毒在间充质干细胞内的增殖情况。结果显示,经体外分离培养并鉴定的间充质干细胞感染伪狂犬病病毒后,产生典型的细胞病变;经毒力测定细胞内伪狂犬病病毒的TCID50效价较高;经PCR从间充质干细胞内成功扩增出伪狂犬病病毒的特异性片段;间接免疫荧光试验显示间充质干细胞内分布有特异性荧光。表明,该细胞适应伪狂犬病病毒在其上增殖繁衍,具有作为伪狂犬病病毒致细胞病变机理、潜伏感染及致病等机制平台的潜质。     

三大国际关系范式的理论构成及其与中国传统理论模式之比较

"构建中国特色的国际关系理论"或者说"构建国际关系理论的中国学派",首先要面对的是"理论是什么"这样一个看似简单的问题.尽管理论在肯尼思·沃尔兹那里被披上了一层"神秘的外纱",但是我们可以从被我们所认同的三大国际关系理论范式中寻找到其共同拥有的"理论成分",它们实际上只不过是一个事实和一个适当逻辑的产物.这种对理论的理解与中国人传统上所理解的理论之间的分裂是深刻的,这种中西之间的分裂逐渐演变成国内学者之间在理论理解上的分歧.对理论概念本身的不同理解所带来的后果也是截然不同的.     

Teaching international relations in Singapore 1956-2008: from supporting development to global city aspirations?

This preliminary survey of international relations (IR) teachingin Singapore argues that while the hegemonic goals of the nation-statehave been pervasive since 1956, the influences upon IR teachinghave become more complex and subtle in tandem with Singapore'stransition from pristine developmentalism to an aspiring globalcity. Today, IR teaching has acquired characteristics of a divisionof labor among the main universities, research institutes, andbusiness-oriented schools. Nonetheless, the dialectics of whetherthe future lies in open-ended knowledge inquiry or hewing tosome version of state-associated pragmatism remains unresolved. Received for publication August 28, 2008. Accepted for publication October 7, 2008.     

Changes in villagers' knowledge,perceptions, and attitudes concerning gender roles and relations in Bangladesh

This article examines the changing status of villagers' knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes towards gender roles and gender relations over time. Data were collected from eastern areas of Bangladesh through surveys and in-depth interviews. Findings show that knowledge about discrimination, empowerment, violence against women, and marital issues increased remarkably, and attitudes on those issues changed positively – but not as much as expected. Traditional patriarchal norms, values, culture, and social structures still operated as barriers to gender equality.     

试析奥巴马政府的军事战略调整

奥巴马政府上任不到百天就对美军事战略作出重大调整,包括宣布奥巴马版的伊拉克撤军计划,推出阿富汗新战略,提出"无核世界"主张,有条件地放弃在东欧部署导弹防御系统,并大幅调整2010年度国防预算,等等.奥巴马政府军事战略调整的核心目的是改善美国国际形象,集中力量反恐,缓和与一些大国的紧张关系.奥巴马此举在国际上受到一定欢迎,但在国内面临较大阻力,未来充满变数.     

冷战后美国的东南亚战略与美国—印尼关系

冷战以后,美国一印尼关系的发展经历了令人瞩目的反反复复.其原因非常复杂,但不可忽视的一个重要因素是美国的东南亚战略①.冷战结束初期,由于美国在东南亚地区实行"选择性介入"的战略,美国一印尼经贸关系发展迅速,相互依存不断加深,双边政治关系则相对平稳;亚洲金融危机后,美国在东南亚开始践行其"民主扩展"战略,致使美国一印尼双边政治关系"荆棘丛生",而经济关系则"陷入低迷";2001年"9·11"事件后,美国在东南亚地区开始积极构建"反恐联盟",使得两国政治关系再度"升温",双边经贸关系趋于"回暖".     

浅析突发事件中的政府信息公开

突发事件政府信息公开作为风险治理的关键环节,有利于保障民众的基本权利、维护社会秩序、实现多元协同危机治理、防止行政应急权力滥用。当前,我国突发事件政府信息公开在一定程度上存在法律规范体系有待完善、风险预防功能存在障碍、合理有效的追责问责机制缺位、信息公开系统运行封闭动力不足、政府信息管理机制尚不健全等问题。为此,应完善突发事件政府信息公开机制,具体可通过完善法律规范体系、强化风险预防功能、构建合理有效的追责问责机制、引入外部多元动力机制、完善政府信息管理机制等途径。     

新时期军事法制建设:大局与思路

在军事法制建设中,要着眼国际战略格局,从维护我国和平发展延伸到促进世界共同发展;要立足国家发展大局,既保障国家安全利益,又注重国家发展利益;要把握军队发展趋势,确认军事变革最新成果;要贴近法制建设现状,促成军事法律渊源向法典化发展。