一代思想家毛泽东——论"毛泽东的思想"的真谛

毛泽东是大革命家、大政治家,也是大思想家.思想家有一套博大的思想体系,有一套独特的思维方式和行为方式.往往在其去世几十年之后,进行正本清源,才能理解其思想真谛.毛泽东以平等主义为核心思想,终生致力于反不平等、建立一种平等社会的斗争.平等涵盖公平正义,是培育和谐的土壤.平等主义是"毛泽东的思想"的真谛,是建设和谐社会与和谐世界的重要思想基础.     

炫耀背后:"非炫耀性消费"研究

自凡勃伦发表《有闲阶级论》以来,炫耀性消费的冲动几乎被视为"有闲阶级"天生的喜好.但笔者在一项实证调查中却发现,部分"有钱人"在消费过程中已经形成了与"歧视性对比"和"金钱竞赛"的炫耀特质相对立的、无意或有意不服从炫耀性消费的现象,本文谓之曰"非炫耀性消费",并从社会学的角度探求其消费决策动机.     

Application of HLA-DRB1 genotyping by oligonucleotide micro-array technology in forensic medicine

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is known to be the most complex polymorphic system in the human genome. Among all of the HLA loci, HLA-DRB1 has the second largest number of alleles. The purpose of this study is to develop an oligonucleotide micro-array based HLA-DRB1 typing system for use in forensic identification, anthropology, tissue transplantation, and other genetic research fields. The system was developed by analyzing the HLA-DRB1 (DRB1) genotypes in 1198 unrelated healthy Chinese Han individuals originating from various parts of China and residing in Shanghai, China. METHOD: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with the oligonucleotide micro-array technology was used to detect and type HLA-DRB1 alleles of the sample individuals. The reliability, sensitivity, consistency and specificity were evaluated for use in forensic identification. Furthermore, a meta-analysis was carried out by comparing the allele frequencies of the HLA-DRB1 locus with those of other Chinese Han groups, Chinese minorities and other ethnic populations. RESULTS: All the DNA samples yielded a 273 bp amplification product, with no other amplification products in this length range. The minimum quantity of DNA detected by this method is 15 ng in a PCR reaction system of 25 microl. The population studied appeared to be not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), expected probability of exclusion (PE), polymorphic information content (PIC), and discrimination power (DP) of the HLA-DRB1 locus from the Shanghai Han ethnic group were evaluated to be 0.8022, 0.8870, 0.7741, 0.8771, 0.9750, respectively. A total of 25 HLA-DRB1 alleles were identified. HLA-DRB1*09XX, *04XX, *12XX and *15XX were the most frequent DRB1 alleles, which were observed in 58.76% of the sample. One hundred and sixteen genotypes were found. The five most frequent genotypes were: *04XX/*04XX (0.0626), *09XX/*09XX (0.0593), *04XX/*09XX (0.0551), *09XX/*15XX (0.0384) and *08XX/*12XX (0.0351). The meta-analysis showed that there were uniquely distributed features of DRB1 alleles among various ethnic populations and among the studied population groups from various regions with the same ethnic origin. CONCLUSIONS: An HLA-DRB1 genotyping system has been developed and established based on the oligonucleotide micro-array technology. The HLA-DRB1 typing of the Han population in Shanghai has revealed a relatively high heterogeneity. Information obtained in this study will be useful for medical and forensic applications as well as in anthropology research. Large-scale micro-array detection is highly accurate and reliable for DNA-based HLA-DRB1 genotyping. These results suggest that HLA-DRB1 DNA polymorphisms and the database of the Shanghai Han group have useful applications in processing forensic casework (as personal identification, paternity test), tracing population migration and genetic diagnosis.     

Four X-chromosomal STRs and their allele frequencies in a Chinese population

X-chromosomal markers are particularly useful for solving complex problems relating to kinship and deficiency paternity analysis. In the present study, population genetics data of four X-chromosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) DXS8378, HPRTB, DXS7423 and DXS7132 were obtained by analyzing 500 unrelated Chinese individuals (250 males and 250 females). Population genetics data obtained from the Chinese were compared with those of the Asian and European population. Mutations in X-chromosomal markers were analyzed based on a total of 61 proven father-child and 45 proven mother-child pairs.     

“十一五”贵州主导产业的选择和培育

本文运用区域主导产业选择"四基准",对贵州传统主导产业进行评价,指出"十一五"期间要继续壮大部分传统主导产业,使其对贵州经济产生更大的带动作用;同时,提出要培育部分新兴主导产业。     

中国电子政务理论体系结构试析

近年来,随着信息化浪潮在全球范围的开展,作为信息化五大领域之首的电子政务得到了各国政府和理论界的高度重视并得到了迅猛的发展。以20世纪末期的“政府上网工程”为序幕,通过来自多个领域的专家学者的不懈努力,中国的电子政务理论研究经过逐步发展已经初步形成具有自身特色的理论体系。本文作者就在分析总结中国电子政务研究的定位和特点的基础上,尝试着构建了一个中国电子政务研究的理论体系模型,并运用统计方法对中国电子政务研究的现状进行了分析。     

高职大学生生命价值认知的现状及对策分析

生命是世界存在与发展的基础,是教育的原点,是教育研究之本源所在。该文试图客观地对中国高职院校大学生生命价值认知的现状进行剖析,并由此提出相应的对策与建议。     

论经济法的理论基础

任何法部门都要有理论基础。经济法理论基础应当以讲求法意理论、突出经济法特征和承认其他部门法理论基础为立论之本,并从经济法价值层面推衍出来。以往学界关于经济法理论基础的研究还没能够符合这些条件,故诸说成立的根据不充分;而民商法、行政法、社会法等理论基础对于从经济法价值层面推衍的"整体经济效益"的价值取向及覆盖的法内容,又无力支撑。于是,寻找经济法自身的根本理论支撑就十分关键了。笔者研究发现,经济法为了实现"整体经济效益"的价值取向,必须不断解决个体性经营无序带来的"整体"损害问题,于是,经济法配置的整体性经济权应当是限定个体性经营权的职权。笔者将这一理论称为"限权论"并定位为经济法理论基础。这一理论也是在与民商法的"保权论"、行政法的"控权论"、社会法的"扶权论"等理论基础的界分和协调中形成的。