论"非羁押式强制措施"的刑期折抵——以权利保障为视角

我国的刑事法律仅规定"羁押"的日期应当在被告人被判处的自由刑中予以折抵,而将取保候审、监视居住这样的"非羁押式强制措施"限制人身自由的日期排除于折抵刑期之外.从刑事司法公正、被追诉人的权利保障及权利与义务的对等性三方面论述"非羁押式强制措施"应予折抵刑期的合理性和正当性,并提出具体的立法建议.     

新常态下文化大发展大繁荣的经济哲学探究

社会主义的生产目的是满足人民群众日益增长的物质需要和文化需要.经济新常态表明,在产能过剩、物质需要有可能得到满足的情况下,应当把文化需要的满足、把精神生产提到重要位置.在这一方面,美国经济学家加尔布雷思和德国的法兰克福学派为我们提供了有益的借鉴.中国应当在吸收国内外理论和实践的基础上建立自己的文化发展战略.     

关于足底跖区压力分布与年龄相关性的研究

年龄是人体生理机能和运动机能的时间标志。随着年龄的增长,足底跖区压力分布会呈现一定规律的变化,这对于通过足底跖区压力的不同分布推断遗留足迹人的年龄有重要意义。文章利用足底压力分析系统分别采集了20、30、40、50四个年龄段人群的跖区压力数据,对跖区压力分布和年龄的关系进行了统计分析。研究结果表明,足底跖区压力分布与年龄具有明显的相关性,这为利用跖区压力分布推断年龄提供了理论依据和实验支持。     

4株猪瘟流行野毒株病毒结构蛋白E2基因的核苷酸序列分析

应用RT-PCR和nPCR扩增由4株甘肃省近期(1997-1998)猪瘟流行野毒株的E2基因,将其克隆到pGEMTEasy载体上,经转化、筛选、鉴定后,测出核苷核序列.4株流行毒株的E2基因核苷酸序列同源性为89.2%-99.7%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为93.8%-99.0%.这4株流行毒株;与C-株(疫苗种毒)E2基因的核苷酸序列同源性为82.2%-84.3%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为87.9%-90.2%,表明近期猪瘟流行毒株与C-株的gp55蛋白之间存在一定的差异.     

In Brief

Hawthorne's Fuller Mystery, by Thomas R. Mitchell. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1998.

New Latina Narrative: The Feminine Space of Postmodern Ethnicity, by Ellen McCracken. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1999.

Dos Passos and the Ideology of the Feminine, by Janet Galligani Casey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

The World Wars Through the Female Gaze, by Jean Gallagher. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1998.

The Play of Reason: From the Modern to the Postmodern, by Linda Nicholson. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999.

Sex and Sexuality in Early America, edited by Merril D. Smith. New York: New York University Press, 1998.

Kate Chopin's Private Papers, edited by Emily Toth and Per Seyersted, associate editor, Cheyenne Bonnell. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998.

Sex and Citizenship in Antebellum America, by Nancy Isenberg. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998.

Women and the Rise of the Novel, 1405–1726, by Josephine Donovan. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.

Eroticism on the Renaissance Stage: Transcendence, Desire, and the Limits of the Visible, by Celia R. Daileader. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.     

Development of a Novel Finger-Trigger Interface for Trigger Pull Measurement

Trigger pull is the force that needs to be exerted on the trigger to discharge a firearm. The measurement of trigger pull can assist in the evaluation of the safety, function, and manufacturing characteristics associated with a firearm during the forensic firearm examination process. Nonetheless, the accuracy and uncertainty of trigger pull measurements may be affected by the measuring device, test procedure, and environmental conditions. In this work, an innovative finger-trigger interface device was developed to facilitate accurate trigger pull measurements. The idea was to reduce the variation related to the position of the measurement device on the trigger in existing measuring methods and devices. Three force sensors based on different technologies were initially evaluated. While two of the three sensors failed to produce data, the miniature capacitive plate sensor exhibited high precision and a linear response over the range of typical trigger pulls. To examine the effects of the finger-trigger interface on trigger pull measurement, different sensor housing prototypes were designed in silico and 3D printed for the construction of three finger-trigger interface devices. The performance of each finger-trigger interface device was evaluated by measuring the trigger pulls of several selected firearms and comparing the data to a previously published study. Our preliminary results demonstrated the novel finger-trigger interface device offered a new way to measure trigger pull in situ with acceptable accuracy and precision.     

刑事被害人当事人化的反思与制度重构

刑事被害人当事人化的实质是犯罪损害追诉方式的公私合一,该制度设计混淆了公益和私益两种不同性质的诉讼,导致两种权益保护相互冲突进而对刑事司法结果公正造成负面影响。公私分离是刑事被害人去当事人化的当然制度选择,其立法对策主要包括在刑事立法中确立被害人为特殊诉讼参与人、废除被害人在刑事审判中就定罪量刑发表意见的权利、废止被害人刑事自诉权和切断其引起刑事二审、再审的程序路径。同时需要完善相关配套举措,如允许被害人对其物质和精神损害单独提起民事诉讼、完善精神损害赔偿制度、建立刑事被害人国家补偿制度等。     

刑事司法中的规范创制行为及其规制——以审判中心主义为视角

审判中心主义的确立是一个系统工程,纠正程序法层面上的侦查中心主义确属必要,但是在公安司法机关的“规范创制活动”中也存在一种侦查中心主义的倾向,值得警惕。公安司法机关的规范创制活动在诸多方面掣肘了法官的个案解释活动,造成了庭审虚化,背离了审判中心主义的要求。国家应在规范创制活动的权力配置、审查方式等方面加以改革,以实现法制统一和个案公正的有效衔接,保证审判中心主义的全方位确立。     

海洋命运共同体思想的内涵和实践路径

海洋命运共同体思想是人类命运共同体思想在海洋领域的细化,反映了国际海洋法的发展趋势和价值目标。它创造性的继承并发展了和而不同思想以及共同体思想,为全球海洋治理提供了新的价值指引。海洋命运共同体是共同体成员基于海洋共识和共同的海洋利益产生认同感和归属感,通过在海洋领域的共同合作形成的联合体,包括海洋政治、安全、经济、文化和生态命运共同体。中国在区域可以通过实施多边海洋行动,构建区域海洋命运共同体,实现区域合作关系的升级。海洋命运共同体是超越民族和国家的海洋观,中国在全球可以通过构建海上丝路命运共同体、提升国际制度性话语权和形成国际海洋法律新制度来践行海洋命运共同体思想。