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11.
During the last few decades, both policy practices and policy idioms have drastically changed. Concepts such as interactive
planning, network management, stakeholder dialogue, deliberative democracy, policy discourses, governance, etc. have replaced
older ones such as public administration, policy programmes, interest groups, institutions, power, and the like. Although
we recognise the relevance and importance of this shift in vocabulary, we also regret related ‘losses’. We particularly regret
that the concept of power has – in our view – become an ‘endangered species’ in the field of public policy analysis. We therefore
will develop a framework to analyse power – being a multi-layered concept – in policy practices in this article. We will do
so on the basis of the so-called policy arrangement approach, which combines elements of the old and new policy vocabularies.
In addition, we draw upon different power theories in developing our argument and model. As a result, we hope to combine the
best of two worlds, of the ‘old’ and the ‘new’ idioms in policy studies, and to achieve our two aims: to bring back in the
concept of power in current policy analysis and to expand the policy arrangement approach from a power perspective. 相似文献
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The effect of membership rules and voting schemes on the success of international climate agreements
Michael Finus Juan-Carlos Altamirano-Cabrera Ekko C. Van Ierland 《Public Choice》2005,125(1-2):95-127
We empirically test the role of membership rules and voting schemes for climate change coalitions with the STAbility of COalitions model (STACO). The model comprises twelve world regions and captures long-run effects of greenhouse gas accumulation. We apply three stability concepts that capture the notion of open membership and exclusive membership with majority and unanimity voting. We show that exclusive membership leads to superior outcomes than open membership and that unanimity voting is preferable to majority voting in welfare and environmental terms. Our results suggest restricting membership in future international environmental agreements and they provide a rationale for unanimity voting as applied in many international organizations. 相似文献
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After a rather uneventful election campaign, the results of the May 1986 Dutch parliamentary election were a surprise to virtually all involved. Since the introduction of regular opinion polling in the 1960s, no election has taken place when the polls were ‘wrong’. However, in 1986 last minute shifts that were stronger than had ever occurred in the Netherlands produced results that differed significantly from the predictions based upon the polls published immediately prior to the election. 相似文献
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Public administrators at the local level often rely on citizen surveys to measure the outcomes or accomplishments of their service delivery efforts. However, many remain skeptical about the value of survey-based measures of local government performance, in large part because of the low empirical correlation between objective and subjective performance measures reported in the literature. Using data from New York City's street cleanliness scorecard, a well-established outcome measure, combined with responses from more than 4,000 respondents to a citizen survey, the authors find a clear and consistent correlation between the scorecard and citizen ratings of street cleanliness in their neighborhoods. Moreover, the street cleanliness scorecard is a much stronger predictor of citizen ratings than demographic factors, trust in government, or contextual effects. These results demonstrate that citizen judgments about government performance can correspond closely with more objectively measured outcomes—and that citizen surveys can provide valid and useful performance measures, at least for some local government services. 相似文献
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Mastrotheodoros Stefanos Van der Graaff Jolien Deković Maja Meeus Wim H. J. Branje Susan 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2020,49(1):119-135
Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Parent–adolescent conflict can be intense, yet parents and adolescents do not always agree on the intensity of conflict. Conflict intensity tends to change... 相似文献
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