THE BEHAVIOUR OF LEGISLATORS AND BUREAUCRATS AND POLICING EXPENDITURES: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND SOME EMPIRICAL RESULTS*

Abstract: This paper is concerned with an analysis of legislation, public administration and government expenditure decisions on policing activities. These three dimensions of government can be used as mechanisms of social control. Whether they are or not is an empirical question that has to be determined in each case. It is shown that there are no strict relationships between the three dimensions of government activity: separate decision-making is undertaken for each of the three dimensions. It is indicated that there are eight possible combinations of the three dimensions, assuming that the three dimensions of government activity are bivariate and discrete. The empirical analysis relates to the state of Queensland and it is concluded that Queensland can be described as a case consisting of authoritarian legislation, public administration contrary to the rule of law, and low policing expenditures.     

整体发展:马克思主义社会发展理论的要义

社会的整体发展思想是马克思主义社会发展理论的核心。马克思立足于人类社会是一个在实践中不断生成的有机整体,揭示了人类社会的基本结构、人类社会发展的基本规律以及人类社会存在和发展的基本条件。贯彻科学发展观,构建社会主义和谐社会,必须以马克思主义关于社会整体发展的思想为指导,自觉摆脱“经济决定论”和传统发展观的束缚。     

集体土地所有权立法的妥当性分析

物权法草案维持了农村土地集体所有权,这是立法者斟酌历史和现实的妥当选择。第一次规定了该权利行使的意思机关,完善了集体土地所有权制度。但草案仍然沿用现行法规定集体土地的三种所有权类型、规定集体经济组织为集体土地所有权行使的代表、不规定权利行使的监督组织,是不妥当的。应该取消乡(镇)、村民小组集体土地所有权,统一为村集体所有。集体经济组织在现实中和立法上都非常混乱,不适宜作为集体土地所有权行使代表。     

物上瑕疵担保责任、履行障碍法与缔约过失责任

物的瑕疵担保制度是否被规定在《合同法》中,是一个有争议的问题,瑕疵担保制度在本质上是一种不完全履行的类型,但其具有独立的制度价值,所以在德国民法典中成为与履行障碍法并列的制度,即使在德国债法改革后也是如此。瑕疵担保制度与不完全履行、缔约上过失等制度,在调整合同后义务以及合同前义务上,存在竞合关系,如何确定它们之间的界限,端赖于具体的价值衡量,基于瑕疵担保制度独有的对买卖双方利益的重新衡量,瑕疵担保制度的调整领域呈现扩张趋势。     

规范构成要件要素与明确性原则关系之辨正

在规范构成要件要素与明确性原则关系的探讨中,传统刑法理论从明确性原则角度审视规范构成要件要素,往往自陷困惑。如果从规范构成要件要素本身存在的原则基础出发,审视其与明确性原则之间的关系或许是一个很好的观察视角。     

在比较借鉴中探索执政规律的几个问题

政党执政有一般规律和特殊规律,执政规律是政党执政的共性、一般性,我们往往强调其特殊性而忽视一般性,甚至把二者对立起来。我们要学习、借鉴国外政党治国理政的经验,但又不能照搬西方政治模式,反对照搬既要反对全盘照搬,也要反对实用主义的照搬,其根本原因是国情不同。任何一种能够有效巩固执政基础、维护执政地位的模式,背后总有一定的规律性的东西作支撑,我们要善于识别各种不同的模式,研究其背后的执政规律。     

两种城市研究范式比较——城市人类生态学与城市生态学

城市人类生态学借鉴生态学观念和方法,研究城市人与空间的关系,揭示了城市布局变化的规律和动力;城市生态学运用生态系统的思想方法,研究城市自然系统、经济系统和社会系统的协调发展。两种理论范式研究对象同中有异,研究方法上的借用与应用有别,研究中心问题与研究取向均有不同。比较两种范式对更全面深入地研究城市有重要意义。     

Total Innovation Management: a novel paradigm of innovation management in the 21st century

Based on an ecosystem view of innovation management and in-depth case studies of firms in China and abroad, a novel paradigm of innovation management—Total Innovation Management (TIM)—is put forward in this paper. This new paradigm draws on three distinct areas of recent research, namely the innovation theory of the firm, the resource-based view (RBV), and the complexity theory. It introduces the theoretical framework of TIM, and presents a tri-dimensional innovation strategy model, which includes all elements of innovation, all innovators, and innovation in all times and spaces, and aims at value added and created.     

Lawyers of the Right: Networks and Organization

Lawyers for conservative and libertarian causes are active in organizing and mobilizing interest groups within the conservative coalition, and networks of relationships among those lawyers help to maintain and shape the coalition. Using data gathered in interviews with seventy-two such lawyers, this article analyzes characteristics of the lawyers and the structure of their networks. The findings suggest that the networks are divided into segments or blocks that are identified with particular constituencies, but that a distinct set of actors with extensive relationships serves to bridge the constituencies. Measures of centrality and brokerage confirm the structural importance of these actors in the network, and a search of references in news media confirms their prominence or prestige. This "core" set of actors occupies the "structural hole" in the network that separates the business constituency from religious conservatives. Libertarians, located near the core of the network, also occupy an intermediate position. Regression analysis of ties within the network suggests that the Federalist Society plays an important role in bringing the lawyers together.