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71.
Since the United States began using incarceration as its cornerstone of punishment for those who transgress the law, this method of discipline has been fraught with problems. One of the most ubiquitous problems found within correctional institutions are the conditions inmates are forced to live in particularly, when penal facilities are overcrowded. These conditions have led to extensive litigation, compelling the judicial system to change. Although overall conditions have improved, a perpetually increasing inmate population continues to plague correctional systems as costs continue to rise. As state budgets have become strained during the economic downturns, many states’ officials view less punitive measures as possible solutions to the excessive costs of administering punishment and overcrowded inmate populations. Due to facility overcrowding, several states have actually been placed under federal court order to reduce their inmate population in order to protect inmates’ constitutional rights. Although this has resulted in a change of policies to help alleviate prison overcrowding, there is little evidence these are anything more than short-term fixes to a problem with no end in sight. 相似文献
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This article explains the role of the IGR lobby in the passageof TEA-21 and the nature of the coalitions and partnershipsformed by groups within the IGR lobby to accomplish their policygoals. The data for the study are divided into three realms.The first identifies the priorities of groups within the IGRlobby and the types of coalitions that groups entered into.These data were gathered through examinations of IGR lobby testimonybefore congressional committees, interviews with organizationaland congressional staff members, and from secondary sourcessuch as the official publications and websites of IGR lobbyorganizations. The second part seeks to gain a more preciseunderstanding of how state and local officials use non-PIG coalitionsand groups to press for their policy objectives by surveyingselected state and local government officials. Finally, thesurvey assesses the impact that IGR lobbying had on TEA-21. 相似文献
75.
Wesley G. Skogan 《犯罪学与公共政策》2018,17(2):379-396
The major conclusions advanced in the 1967 report by the U.S. President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice under President Johnson are reviewed in this article. Six of the Commission's visions for law enforcement are described, and subsequent changes in the character of American policing are traced. Many of the concerns of the Commission linger until this day. Progress on many fronts has been halting, their impact more muted than reformers had hoped, and the framework of institutions that define law enforcement in the United States has proved remarkably resistant to change. 相似文献
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Attitudes toward women in policing among undergraduate college students were examined. The findings revealed that feminist orientation was the most consistent predictor of support for women in policing, with academic major also having a significant influence. Gender, race/ethnicity, classification in school (i.e., academic year), and support for the police were generally not significant predictors. Separate analyses completed for men and women indicated that there was some difference in the factors that predicted support for women in policing. Implications of the research are discussed. 相似文献
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Wesley A. Magat John W. Payne Peter F. Brucato 《Journal of policy analysis and management》1986,6(1):20-34
Among alternative regulatory responses, information provision programs are receiving increasing attention despite the decidedly mixed evidence about their effectiveness. This paper provides detailed experimental evidence to demonstrate that for one important example of an information program, the use of energy audits to stimulate residential energy conservation, the effectiveness of the program is highly sensitive to the information processing behavior of the users of the information. Simple changes in the format of the information provided to homeowners produced marked improvements in the efficiency of consumer choices. The study illustrates Stern's conclusion in a recent issue of this journal that laboratory experimentation provides a useful alternative to model-based analysis of natural experiments, especially for policy design issues involving information acquisition and processing. The paper also offers conclusions about improving the effectiveness of home energy audits, as well as the entire class of information provision programs. 相似文献
80.
Alex R. Piquero Wesley G. Jennings David P. Farrington Brie Diamond Jennifer M. Reingle Gonzalez 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2016,12(2):249-264