Determinants of Firm‐Level Lobbying and Government Responsiveness in Agricultural Biotechnology in China

Understanding what stimulates agribusiness firms to lobby the government and what makes the government responsive to lobbying are the two issues that have been discussed extensively in the debates concerning determinants of biotechnology policy. This paper examines the factors influencing agribusiness firms' lobbying and government response using econometric modeling on a new data set of 160 leading agribusiness firms in the food, feed, chemical, and seed industries in China. The results show that approximately 10% of agribusiness firms lobbied the government about biotechnology policy and regulations and over half of those that lobbied received a verbal or written acknowledgment from government agencies. Seed and feed companies are more likely to engage in lobbying than chemical companies. Owning GM patents not only has a positive impact on firms' lobbying activities, but firms with these patents are more likely to receive a government response to their lobbying efforts. The experience of selling GM products does not significantly influence lobbying activities or response from the government.     

Determining Line-Crossing Sequences Between Laser Printing and Writing Pen Using Coaxial Light

Determining the application sequence of hand-written pen ink and printer toner lines has attracted significant interest in questioned document examination. This study uses coaxial light to determine line-crossing sequences, with intersections observed under a VSC600 forensic document workstation and a Leica M205A Stereo-microscope. Results show that reflected light at intersections and color contrast between intersections and nonintersections was observed when a hand-written ink line passes over a toner line, while a toner line passing over a written line appeared dull, with no color contrast. The procedure was tested under a range of conditions, such as types of writing pens and laser printers, the writer, and writing pressure, with the latter playing an important role in the evaluation. To validate the results, a 90% detection rate and 98% accuracy rate were achieved from 50 samples of blind testing, which is more effective than optical microscopy.     

金融危机下中东欧转型模式再评估

新兴市场国家经济与政治体制转型是转型问题研究的焦点,而中东欧国家的转型模式也作为一个范例持续得到来自理论和实证研究上的关注.本研究以金融危机发生、演化为背景,旨在检测金融危机背景下中东欧国家的整体经济表现与金融市场表现,并通过分析对国际学术界公认的"转型优等生"中东欧国家的转型模式进行再评估和反思.     

Chinese American Adolescents’ Perceptions of the Language Brokering Experience as a Sense of Burden and Sense of Efficacy

Children of immigrants who do translations and who interpret for others using their heritage language and English are known as language brokers. Although prior research suggests that children of immigrants’ perceptions of the language brokering experience vary greatly—from feeling a sense of efficacy to feeling a sense of burden—what remains unanswered in the literature is identification of the antecedents and processes that help to explain the varying psychological experience of language brokers. Using data from a two-wave prospective longitudinal study of 256 Chinese American adolescents, the present study tested potential mechanisms that may be responsible for adolescents’ perceptions of the language brokering experience as a sense or burden or sense of efficacy. The results demonstrate that adolescents’ Chinese orientation sets in motion a family process that is linked to variations in the perceptions of adolescents’ language brokering experience. Adolescents who are more Chinese oriented have a stronger sense of familial obligation, and these adolescents are more likely to perceive that they matter to their parents. Adolescents’ perceived sense of mattering to parents, in turn, is associated positively with a sense efficacy, and negatively with a sense of burden as language brokers. Those adolescents who are less Chinese oriented have a weaker sense of familial obligation, and these adolescents are more likely to feel a sense of alienation from their parents. Adolescents’ sense of perceived alienation from parents, in turn, is associated with a sense of burden as language brokers. Implications for developing interventions for children who act as language brokers for their parents are discussed.

与信仰同行——法国式自由考

法国大革命使自由在法国成为一种信仰。信仰式自由的发展动力来自于信仰和现实之间的张力：一方面要执着地捍卫信仰,同时还需要现实对其进行“拗救”。法国式自由的发展正是在信仰的主题下,从以上两个维度展开。前者以卢梭、涂尔干和萨特为代表,后者以孟德斯鸠、贡斯当和阿隆为代表。     

尼克松最后一次中国之行

1993年4月8日至14日,美国前总统理查德·尼克松对中国进行了为期7天的访问,这是自1972年以来他的第7次中闺之旅。尼克松的此次中国之行,既是为恢复和改善美中关系而来,也是他旧地重游。     

美国爆发金融危机的原因、影响和启示

2007年7月美国爆发的次贷危机已演变为金融危机和经济衰退.这次美国金融危机波及范围之广,影响程度之深,冲击强度之大,为20世纪30年代大危机以来所罕见,教训与启示很多.要防止悲剧重演,各国和国际社会要妥善处理四大关系:一是市场机制与政府干预要相辅相成,二是虚拟经济与实体经济要协调发展,三是社会收入分配和税收政策要有利于缩小贫富差距,四是加强合作,协调发展.     

日本公司治理中的执行官制度研究

公司治理的目的在于排除不正当的经营并提高经营的效率性。日本于2002年商法修改中引进了类似美国的执行官制度,并期待以此来促进经营的效率性。同时,值得注意的是,日本虽引进了该制度,但并没有强制性地要求所有股份公司必须采用它,公司可在原有的经营体制与新体制之间自行选择。这意味着,决定公司治理模式优劣的不是法律,而是市场,公司法的作用应该是为公司的发展扫除障碍,创造更大的发展空间。     

当前消防执法中存在的问题与思考

新修订的《消防法》已于2009年5月1日正式实施。公安消防机构管辖的范围可谓宽泛,以新《消防法》为代表的一系列消防法律法规取得效果的好坏,在很大程度上反映在消防行政执法的活动之中。研究和解决当前消防行政执法方面存在的问题,努力提高消防行政执法能力和水平,对于完善社会主义市场经济,建设法治政府,维护社会稳定,提高党的执政地位具有重要的现实意义。     

全球治理中的跨国反洗钱台作

全球治理是国际社会应对全球问题而变革传统治理模式的一种构想,它的兴起为全球反洗钱控制与治理提供了重要的理论指导。在跨国反洗钱控制的全球治理模式中,国家和政府间、国际组织间的制度性合作机制仍然占据主导地位,发挥着不可替代的规范性与约束性的治理作用。但值得注意的是,非国家行为主体在跨国反洗钱的全球治理中日益发挥着越来越重要的促进作用和参与作用,并能在一定程度上缓解传统治理模式的＂民主赤字＂问题。