依法执政的执政理念与制度建设

树立依法执政理念,需要正确认识党法关系、党政关系、党民关系。落实依法执政理念的关键是加强制度建设,发挥制度在依法执政理念中的根本性作用。     

著作权法中合理使用制度的局限--从一起著作权案件适用法律问题谈起

一、案情介绍 S 公司是一家提供电子图书的公司,T 发现 S 公司将自己的作品作为电子书在其公司网站上提供浏览,于是就委托一代理人前往公证处申请对 S 公司网站上有自己电子化作品进行证据保全。在公证过程中,T 的代理人下载并使用了 S 公司享有著作权的电子图书阅览器软件阅览 T 的作品,该阅览器软件是浏览 S 公司网站上     

Determining Line-Crossing Sequences Between Laser Printing and Writing Pen Using Coaxial Light

Determining the application sequence of hand-written pen ink and printer toner lines has attracted significant interest in questioned document examination. This study uses coaxial light to determine line-crossing sequences, with intersections observed under a VSC600 forensic document workstation and a Leica M205A Stereo-microscope. Results show that reflected light at intersections and color contrast between intersections and nonintersections was observed when a hand-written ink line passes over a toner line, while a toner line passing over a written line appeared dull, with no color contrast. The procedure was tested under a range of conditions, such as types of writing pens and laser printers, the writer, and writing pressure, with the latter playing an important role in the evaluation. To validate the results, a 90% detection rate and 98% accuracy rate were achieved from 50 samples of blind testing, which is more effective than optical microscopy.     

作为工人运动副翼的工会——解读马克思和恩格斯的工会思想

在马克思和恩格斯看来,工会和工人阶级政党作为工人阶级的经济组织和政治组织,构成了工人运动的两翼。它们在帮助工人提高自身生活水平、维护工人自身权益等方面发挥了重要作用。然而,二者地位并不对等。工会作为工人运动的副翼,应当附着在其主翼工人阶级政党之上。工会在改善工人阶级现实经济条件、教育工人阶级等方面发挥着重要作用,却不能完成工人阶级的最终解放,使其摆脱被剥削、被压迫的历史地位。工人阶级的自我解放只能通过工会运动与政党活动的结合,将经济斗争上升为政治斗争、社会革命才能实现。     

金融危机下中东欧转型模式再评估

新兴市场国家经济与政治体制转型是转型问题研究的焦点,而中东欧国家的转型模式也作为一个范例持续得到来自理论和实证研究上的关注.本研究以金融危机发生、演化为背景,旨在检测金融危机背景下中东欧国家的整体经济表现与金融市场表现,并通过分析对国际学术界公认的"转型优等生"中东欧国家的转型模式进行再评估和反思.     

4株猪瘟流行野毒株病毒结构蛋白E2基因的核苷酸序列分析

应用RT-PCR和nPCR扩增由4株甘肃省近期(1997-1998)猪瘟流行野毒株的E2基因,将其克隆到pGEMTEasy载体上,经转化、筛选、鉴定后,测出核苷核序列.4株流行毒株的E2基因核苷酸序列同源性为89.2%-99.7%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为93.8%-99.0%.这4株流行毒株;与C-株(疫苗种毒)E2基因的核苷酸序列同源性为82.2%-84.3%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为87.9%-90.2%,表明近期猪瘟流行毒株与C-株的gp55蛋白之间存在一定的差异.     

Rural industrialization in China: From backyard furnaces to township and village enterprises

This article examines the development of rural industrialization in China from the late 1950s to the mid-1990s. The initial attempt to industrialize China during the Great Leap Forward resulted in a short-lived rural industrialization program, epitomized by the frenzied establishment of hundreds of thousands of backyard furnaces. The second wave of rural industrialization came in the late 1960s and gave rise to the development of local “five small industries” aimed at providing goods and services for agricultural development. Since the introduction of economic reforms in the late 1970s, rural enterprises, known as township and village enterprises, have experienced explosive growth. They are no longer limited to the five small industries, but are engaged in producing consumer goods for both domestic and international markets. This article looks into the driving forces behind the growth of TVEs during the 1980s and examines the evolving roles and challenges they face in the 1990s. Li tu bu li xiang jin chang bu jin cheng. (Leave the land but not the village; enter the factory but not the city.) —A popular Chinese saying about rural industrialization in the 1980s This is based on a background review chapter of his doctoral dissertation, entitled “Industrialization and Energy Use: An Emprical Study of China's Township and Willage Enterprises,” University of Pennsylvania, 1997.     

世界银行的反腐败标准及其对金砖银行制度建设的启示

本文系统考察了世界银行反腐败标准的形成过程及其对金砖银行反腐败制度建设的启示,认为世界银行的反腐败政策经历了一个重要变迁,而后者的动力正是来自于世界银行主要捐款国对本国反腐败议题的重视。自世行成立以来,治理和反腐败问题一直是其不愿触及的"政治禁区",但在20世纪90年代中期后,尤其是在沃尔芬森和沃尔福威茨两任行长的推动下,世界银行日益关注借款国的国内治理和反腐败状况,并将之作为其提供贷款的重要条件,事实上,这与美欧日等主要股东国在世纪之交高度重视国内的反腐败议题以及世界银行自身以股东国导向为准的制度特征密切相关。作为发展中国家自主创立的新开发银行,金砖银行更多地强调借款国主导和采用国别体系,充分体现借款国自身的发展理念和战略,因而应该采用一套更为灵活多样、更符合借款国实际的治理与反腐败标准。     

盲点审视:看守所接受委托审查被羁押者通信制度论

看守所接受办案机关委托审查被羁押者通信制度是刑事诉讼中司法机关之间的互助制度。该制度具有厘清看守所审查被羁押者通信的角色和地位、综合反映看守所功能、改善看守所与被羁押者的关系、推动看守所接受委托审查被羁押者通信制度规范化的价值;但也存在控制通信优位于保障通信、制度设计面临实施困难的弊端。应当明确委托审查的范围、委托审查的手续、委托的授权范围、委托后对通信的审查等内容,建构看守所接受委托后审查被羁押者通信制度审查报告义务制度、审查的责任承担制度、修改审查内容的通知制度。     

交错语境中的成长——我国民事诉讼制度改革的路径选择

我国民事诉讼制度改革面临传统、现代、后现代三种交错的语境.在民事诉讼制度改革中,对待后现代法学思潮的正确态度是:诉讼外解纷方式的发展不能消解诉讼程序改革这一主题,诉讼外纠纷解决方式对改革有积极意义;对待我国法律传统的正确态度是:应慎谈无讼的法律传统,不能忽略制度变革对法律文化的影响,积极挖掘和利用法律传统中有利于促进变革的因素;在交错语境中推进民事诉讼制度改革的思路是:要以维护公正以及制度利用者的利益作为改革的基调,要使交错语境中的改革朝制度设计者希望的方向发展.