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124.
Brian Grodsky 《Human Rights Review》2008,9(3):281-297
While the study of transitional justice, and especially truth commissions, has gained in popularity over the past two decades,
the literature is overwhelmingly focused on activities in democratizing states. This introduces a selection bias that interferes
with proper analysis of causes and consequences of transitional justice on a global scale. In this paper, I discuss conditions
under which new repressive elites, and even old repressive elites who survive to rule and repress in nominally new systems,
may choose to launch broad investigations of the past. I argue that such a decision is based on two primary considerations,
the presence of internally or externally based incentives (e.g., foreign aid) and the level of political control enjoyed by
old elites in the new system. I apply this argument to post-Soviet Central Asia, including a detailed case study of Uzbekistan’s
1999 truth commission based on domestic media analysis and local elite interviews.
相似文献
Brian GrodskyEmail: |
125.
Mary Comerford Cooper 《Journal of Chinese Political Science》2008,13(1):53-78
China’s distinctive set of stock market institutions was introduced in 1990. Among the characteristics of China’s stock markets
was a strict separation between different categories of investors. Listed companies issued different categories of shares
to state shareholders, domestic corporate investors, domestic individual investors, and foreign investors. By 2005, the barriers
segmenting China’s stock market had been significantly relaxed. Domestic investors were allowed to purchase shares previously
reserved for foreign investors, and approved foreign investors were allowed to purchase shares previously earmarked for domestic
individuals. Nevertheless, a crucial barrier remained. An ongoing debate among Chinese academics, investors, and policy makers
focused on how to resolve the “split share structure” (guquan fen zhi) in which a minority of shares were tradable while the
majority of shares (namely those reserved for domestic corporate and state shareholders) were excluded from the market. The
split share structure was blamed for distorting prices and inhibiting development of the stock market. This paper analyzes
the policy adopted to address the split share structure. To what extent does this policy change reflect new thinking on the
part of China’s market regulators? This paper argues that analysis of policy making in China’s capital markets can help to
distinguish between two competing assessments of China’s political economy. One account sees China pursuing a gradualist strategy,
slowly but steadily expanding the role of markets. Another account sees China trapped in a semi-marketized and increasingly
corrupt development pattern. The implementation of the split share structure reform program provides evidence to support the
gradualist account of incremental, but persistent, reform.
Mary Comerford Cooper is an assistant professor in political science at the Ohio State University. Her recent research focuses
on the politics of financial markets in China and Taiwan. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Comparative
Politics Research Workshop/ Globalization, Institutions and Economic Security Workshop at Ohio State University in May 2007,
and at the annual meeting of the Association for Chinese Political Studies in July 2007. I benefited greatly from the constructive
and insightful comments of Bj?rn Alpermann, Melanie Barr, Jean-Marc Blanchard, Sarah Brooks, Joseph Fewsmith, Sujian Guo,
Dane Imerman, Ryan Kennedy, Marcus Kurtz, Xiaoyu Pu, James Reilly, Alex Thompson, Daniel Verdier, Jianwei Wang, Alan Wiseman,
Bin Yu, and an anonymous reviewer. I am also grateful for Lan Hu’s exceptional research assistance. All remaining flaws are
purely my own. 相似文献
126.
不同血清型口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)之间不能产生交叉免疫保护,但是血清学的交叉反应确实存在。本研究旨在建立一种筛选型间交互反应性抗体的方法,以期为解析FMDV血清型间保守的抗原结构奠定基础。本方法主要依据单个B细胞抗体技术,首先采用两种不同的荧光染料FluoProbes 647H和Pacific Blue分别标记O型与A型FMDV 146S灭活抗原,然后利用流式细胞分选技术,从免疫牛外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中分选出结合两种抗原的特异性B细胞,通过单个B细胞抗体基因测定,获得Ig G抗体重链与轻链可变区编码序列,并将可变区基因插入含有牛IgG抗体恒定区的pcDNA3.4载体中,构建IgG抗体的重链与轻链表达质粒。将重链与轻链表达质粒共转染中国仓鼠卵巢悬浮细胞(CHO-S)进行完整抗体表达。结果显示,通过该方法获得了5株FMDV特异性单克隆抗体,其中4株(H64、R82、I16、R29)经间接免疫荧光(IFA)检测都可特异性识别O和A型FMDV;ELISA结果显示,H64、R82、I16与O、A型抗原均具有较好的亲合力;Western-blot结果显示,I16可特异性结合O、A型FMDV结构蛋白VP2中的线性表位,说明在衣壳蛋白VP2上存在血清型间保守的抗原表位,通过本研究进一步加深了对FMDV抗原结构的认识。 相似文献
127.
著作权法中合理使用制度的局限--从一起著作权案件适用法律问题谈起 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
一、案情介绍 S 公司是一家提供电子图书的公司,T 发现 S 公司将自己的作品作为电子书在其公司网站上提供浏览,于是就委托一代理人前往公证处申请对 S 公司网站上有自己电子化作品进行证据保全。在公证过程中,T 的代理人下载并使用了 S 公司享有著作权的电子图书阅览器软件阅览 T 的作品,该阅览器软件是浏览 S 公司网站上 相似文献
128.
Brian Masshardt 《East Asia》2007,24(3):319-335
Prime Minister Koizumi’s six consecutive annual visits to Yasukuni shrine played a key role in initiating a new phase of domestic
citizen political mobilization not seen since the early 1970s. This paper is based on field research during the Koizumi years
(2001–2006) centering on domestic groups that conduct activities in “protection” of or “opposition” to Yasukuni shrine. As
a study of street-based politics, this paper seeks to uncover the processes, strategies, and outcomes of citizen responses
to elite political action at Yasukuni Shrine as well as explore meaning of their actions within the context of Japan’s democratic
polity.
Brian Masshardt is Lecturer, Musashi University, and a Ph.D. Candidate, University of Hawaii-Manoa, whose research addresses the political aspects of Yasukuni in the context of domestic politics and citizen’s movements. His doctoral dissertation, entitled ‘Democracy and Yasukuni: Citizen Reaction to political action at Yasukuni Shrine, 2001–2006’ has served as the basis for conference presentations on Yasukuni and its attendant controversies. 相似文献
Brian MasshardtEmail: |
Brian Masshardt is Lecturer, Musashi University, and a Ph.D. Candidate, University of Hawaii-Manoa, whose research addresses the political aspects of Yasukuni in the context of domestic politics and citizen’s movements. His doctoral dissertation, entitled ‘Democracy and Yasukuni: Citizen Reaction to political action at Yasukuni Shrine, 2001–2006’ has served as the basis for conference presentations on Yasukuni and its attendant controversies. 相似文献
129.
Paul Vedder John Berry Colette Sabatier David Sam 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(5):642-653
Correspondence in value orientation between parents and their offspring may be due to actual transmission processes between
generations, but it may also be due to influences from the general value context in society that are common to parents and
their offspring. This common value context is referred to as Zeitgeist. The present study deals with one family relationship
value (i.e., parents’ and adolescents’ obligations toward the family). Participants were 1,252 immigrant and 726 national
adolescent–parent dyads from 10 Western countries. There were significant relationships between the value placed on family
obligations among parents and offspring, and these were independent of gender. Zeitgeist effects, both intergenerational and
intragenerational, were found. The strength of these Zeitgeist effects depended on the basis for defining Zeitgeist, either
a person’s own ethnic group or the wider community including both nationals and immigrants. For explaining national adolescents’
acceptance of their family obligations, both the ethnic and the national Zeitgeist played a role, whereas in the immigrant
groups only the ethnic Zeitgeist played a significant role. In short, in an immigration context it makes sense to distinguish
the influence of a person’s own ethnic group from the influence of the wider community, including other ethnic groups. Explanations
are suggested and implications are discussed.
相似文献
Paul VedderEmail: |
130.
Easter Dawn Vo-Jutabha Khanh T. Dinh James P. McHale Jaan Valsiner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(5):672-690
Focusing on identity development explorations enables a greater understanding of contexts that affect immigrant adolescents.
Utilizing thematic and grounded narrative analysis of 46 journal writings, during a one-month period, from first and second
generation Vietnamese adolescents ranging in age from 15 to 18 (26 residents of a culturally and politically active ethnic
enclave in Southern California; 20 adolescents living outside the enclave), this study establishes ways in which a focus on
social context and exploration processes illuminates the complexity of immigrant adolescents’ identity formation. The two
groups shared many similarities, including precipitants to exploration and steps undertaken to explore identity. However,
two factors—social and cultural influences and emotional reactions—revealed interesting contrasts distinguishing enclave from
non-enclave dwelling Vietnamese adolescents. Data also suggested that immigrant adolescents strive to integrate different
domains of identity (ethnicity, gender, career) both with one another and with the historical, social, and cultural contexts
they occupy.
相似文献
Jaan ValsinerEmail: |