涉毒罪犯的心理特征及其心理矫治

随着毒品犯罪案件和涉毒罪犯人数的上升,在针对涉毒罪犯的惩治和预防工作中,对其进行心理特征的剖析,寻找适当的心理矫治和处遇对策显得越发重要。在对上海宝山监狱涉毒罪犯的实际调查中,通过对其气质等的分类,尝试找寻出不同的心理矫治方法,进一步完善我国的涉毒罪犯矫治工作。     

论特殊防卫权

我国1997年刑法在第20条第3款规定了特殊防卫权。针对刑法理论界与司法实践中出现的争议与疑难问题,本文从特殊防卫权名称的确定与特殊防卫权的适用两个角度进行了分析,提出第20条第3款应称为“特殊防卫权”,并且对于如何理解该条的规定做了合理的解释。     

浅析现场手印定位对鉴定结论的影响

现场留痕手印通常因作用力及承痕体等外因的影响,出现变形现象,直接影响了检验鉴定结论的准确性。检验鉴定前对现场留痕手印进行全面分析,判定其留痕部位,从而作出准确的鉴定结论。     

Automated Classification of Epiphyses in the Distal Radius and Ulna using a Support Vector Machine

The aim of this study was to automatically classify epiphyses in the distal radius and ulna using a support vector machine (SVM) and to examine the accuracy of the epiphyseal growth grades generated by the support vector machine. X‐ray images of distal radii and ulnae were collected from 140 Chinese teenagers aged between 11.0 and 19.0 years. Epiphyseal growth of the two elements was classified into five grades. Features of each element were extracted using a histogram of oriented gradient (HOG), and models were established using support vector classification (SVC). The prediction results and the validity of the models were evaluated with a cross‐validation test and independent test for accuracy (P_A). Our findings suggest that this new technique for epiphyseal classification was successful and that an automated technique using an SVM is reliable and feasible, with a relative high accuracy for the models.     

校本培训模式与高校青年教师的专业化

校本培训是实现高校青年教师专业化的重要途径.本文在分析高校青年教师校本培训现状的基础上,提出了高校青年教师校本培训的主要内容和途径.     

美国司法政治变迁的内在逻辑——从“罗伊案”说开去

美国的司法政治是司法与政治交互作用的产物。随着司法权的扩张,联邦最高法院突破"政治问题不审查"之传统,主动或被动地介入政治争议;随着政党对峙的尖锐,政治力量乐于将棘手的政治争议交由司法裁断;藉此,司法政治演变为常态政治,司法判例成为经久不衰的政治争点。自上个世纪70年代以来,围绕罗伊案半个多世纪的争议,不仅客观地暴露了美国司法政治发展的内在逻辑,而且也充分地展示出司法政治在美国的作用方式和涵摄空间。     

"大数据杀熟"的政策应对:行为定性、监管困境与治理出路

在学理上讨论"大数据杀熟"问题应该首先厘清"大数据杀熟"中的正当价格歧视与价格违法行为.正当价格歧视在经济学上具有一定合理性,因为市场经济的核心机制是自由定价,应由供求关系决定价格,企业可以在合理的价格政策下设定价格.平台具有显著的信息和资源优势,平台自由定价时应该公开透明,杜绝价格欺诈、价格垄断等违法行为,保证消费者在自由意志下选择商品或服务.算法逐渐成为平台定价的重要工具,由于算法具有不可解释性、歧视性等潜在风险,平台利用算法时应该遵守合理的价格政策,加强对算法运用的规范.在平台治理中,商家、用户以及监管者都是重要参与方,解决"大数据杀熟"问题应实现监管机构、平台、用户三方共治,并在三方互动中寻求消费者保护与平台经济发展的平衡点.     

互联网平台涉用户数据不正当竞争的中国典型司法实践分析

涉用户数据在互联网平台间流动的正当性边界,已经成为当前中国司法领域的重要课题之一,并在司法实践中呈现出差异化的特征.在对中国关于数据的法律规定以及基于用户公开发布的内容数据、基于用户个人信息数据、基于用户数据加工而成的衍生数据这三类涉用户数据平台间不正当竞争典型案例分析的基础上,可以发现,针对在先平台受《反不正当竞争法》保护的权益范围边界,尚未有明确的司法规则定论,仍需结合个案因素进行利益平衡.具体应区分考虑数据公开或非公开的状态、数据原始或衍生的属性,且对在先平台合法权益的边界判定时需要综合考虑在先平台的投入程度与回报、在后平台使用数据的数量、在先平台被实质替代的程度等因素,从而在互联网数据合理流通与合理保护中实现平衡与双赢.     

Cross-cutting Messages and Voter Turnout: Evidence from a Same-Sex Marriage Amendment

Does disagreement stimulate political participation, or discourage it? Some researchers find that exposure to cross-cutting views demobilizes voters. Selection bias in the way individuals expose themselves to disagreement and other sources of endogeneity pose challenges to causal inference. I address these concerns by using an experimental design that exogenously assigns cross-cutting or reinforcing messages. A random sample of North Carolina Democrats and Republicans received postcards summarizing either liberal or conservative opinions on a statewide same-sex marriage amendment. I find that individuals exposed to disagreement demobilize by 1.0 to 1.6 percentage points, with the majority of the combined effect attributable to a 2.0-percentage point decrease in turnout among Republicans receiving a Democratic message. I observe a similar level of demobilization when defining disagreement on the basis of predicted issue position on same-sex marriage in place of partisan affiliation. The effects are strongest among moderate supporters of traditional marriage that receive a cross-cutting treatment. The experimental design thus enables causal evidence on the nuanced interactions between political or issue position and exposure to campaign information from the opposing side.     

Stability studies of ALD-52 and its homologue 1P-LSD

With the emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) over the years, the substances detected on stamps (also known as blotter papers) have also evolved from the traditional drug—lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to the multiple variants of lysergamides such as ALD-52 and 1P-LSD. The analysis of such blotter papers is usually done by solvent extraction followed by identification using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This study has shown that hydrolysis to form LSD was observed in GC-MS analysis when ALD-52 was extracted with methanol. The extraction of ALD-52 using other solvents such as acetonitrile, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, and acetone, followed by GC-MS analysis, was investigated. It is shown that alcoholic solvents such as methanol and ethanol will result in the conversion of ALD-52 to LSD during GC-MS analysis, whereas the sterically hindered isopropyl alcohol will prevent this conversion. Investigation also shows that the hydrolysis of ALD-52 to LSD occurs at the GC injector port. It was also observed that the degree of hydrolysis was more pronounced at a lower concentration (0.1 mg/mL). The study was extended to a close analog—1P-LSD, and the results showed that 1P-LSD similarly hydrolyzes to LSD. However, 1P-LSD was observed to be more stable than ALD-52 due to steric hindrance because of the propanoyl group.