论法治警务

警务是法治的贯彻，警务的运行必须务实地体现法治的精神。正当性是法治警务活动的灵魂。法治警务首先要求平衡政府权力与公民权利的界限。大幅度地公开事实性理由，执法的商谈性体现于个案之中，尽力减少强制性依赖，是法治警务的现代主题。     

大鼠DAI脑细胞凋亡与Phospho-Ser^727 Stat1表达的相关性

目的探讨Stat1是否参与弥漫性轴索损伤（diffuse axonal injury,DAI）后神经细胞凋亡的病理生理过程。方法应用自由落体撞击模型复制大鼠DAI模型,分为正常对照组、假手术组和打击后不同时间组（6、12、24、48、72h,5d和10d）。采用HE染色和镀银染色观察大鼠脑组织的病理改变,用流式细胞检测脑组织中脑细胞的凋亡率,RT-PCR法测定脑组织中bax和bcl-2的表达变化,免疫组织化学法测定脑组织中不同脑区727位丝氨酸磷酸化的信号转导与转录激活子1（Phospho-Ser727 Stat1）的表达情况。结果DAI后HE染色未见脑挫裂伤,镀银染色可见神经轴索扭曲肿胀,个别断端膨大形成轴缩球;损伤组脑细胞的凋亡率和脑组织中bax和bcl-2 cDNA扩增产物的比值24h达到最大值,随后下降;不同脑区Phospho-Ser727 Stat1表达升高,24h达峰后下降,至10d较对照组仍有显著差异;阳性细胞主要是神经元,在不同脑区也有一定量的神经胶质细胞阳性表达。脑组织中Phospho-Ser727 Stat1表达变化与bax和bcl-2的cDNA扩增产物比值的变化具有正相关性,相关系数r为0.921。结论大鼠DAI后Stat1的激活和损伤后脑细胞的凋亡有关,应与损伤后二次打击有关。     

Student Success and Failure in a Graduate Criminology/Criminal Justice Program

Despite the burdens that students and institutions assume when underwriting educational careers, very little is known about completion rates, risk factors, and successful strategies of criminology/criminal justice (CCJ) graduate programs. Consequently, the present study tracks 287 master’s and 70 doctoral students who entered the Florida State University CCJ program during the 1991–2000 academic years. Almost two-thirds of this cohort earned an advanced degree. Younger students with higher GRE scores were more likely to complete the master’s program. Successful doctoral degree recipients tended to have lower GRE scores, be non-White, and earn their master’s degrees in-house. In terms of time-to-degree, it took over two years to earn an M.A. and slightly more than six years to negotiate the Ph.D. Implications are explored for the program, the university, and the discipline.     

Marital Satisfaction and Marital Discord as Risk Markers for Intimate Partner Violence: A Meta-analytic Review

A meta-analysis investigating the relationship between marital satisfaction/discord and intimate partner violence (IPV) in heterosexual relationships was conducted with 32 articles. Overall, a small-to-moderate effect size (r = −0.27) indicated a significant and negative relationship existed between marital satisfaction/discord and IPV. Moderator analyses found no differences between effect size based on construct examined (discord or satisfaction). However, the magnitudes of observed effect sizes were influenced by other moderator variables, including the use of standardized versus non-standardized measures, gender of the offender and victim, role in the violence (perpetrator versus victim), and sample type (clinical versus community). The data suggests that gender is an especially important moderator variable in understanding the relationship between marital satisfaction/discord and IPV.     

奥运期间有组织犯罪的活动方式和防控措施

奥运会的安保工作任务艰巨和复杂.在奥运会期间,有组织犯罪活动形式主要有:走私和贩卖毒品,组织卖淫,人口偷运和非法入境,信用卡欺诈,洗钱,走私物品,国外流氓帮派成员借机骚乱,本地流氓犯罪团伙投机作案,奥运组织官员和参赛者与有组织犯罪勾结,等等.政府的准备工作只是奥运会公共安全的一个最主要部分,它的成功还需要民间、百姓、和志愿者的理解、认同、支持和合作.主办国应以此为契机,充分利用奥运会给公共安全管理积累的宝贵遗产,推动整个国家安全体系的改进.     

Bio-Kraftstoff,Nachhaltigkeit, Boden- und Naturschutz

Zusammenfassung  Um ihr Klimapaket und die damit verbundenen Ziele im Bereich der erneuerbaren Energien umzusetzen, hat die Europ?ische Kommission eine Richtlinie zur F?rderung der Nutzung von Energie aus erneuerbaren Quellen vorgeschlagen. Um den Richtlinienentwurf rankt sich – auch noch zur Zeit – eine breite noch nicht abgeschlossene Diskussion, in deren Rahmen unter anderem Bedenken gegen die F?rderung von Energiepflanzen, die als nachhaltig deklariert wird, ge?u?ert werden, da blühende Kulturlandschaften dadurch verschandelt werden. Der Beitrag besch?ftigt sich mit der politischen und rechtlichen Diskussion des Richtlinien-Entwurfs.     

从客观归因到主观归责

在中国现行刑法的明文规定和犯罪构成四要件的解说体系下，对因果关系及刑事责任的确定应遵循从客观归因到主观归责的分析进路。所谓客观归因，即对因果关系的判断只是确定行为人承担刑事责任的客观基础，故采用“条件说”即能以最简捷方法予以解决，不需要引入见仁见智的各式规范判断学说；至于由此而导致的责任范围过于宽泛的问题，则可以通过对主观罪过的精确界定予以解决，在主客观相统一的更高层面最终解决对行为人是否归责的问题。     

和谐社会构建下的大学生激情犯罪成因及对策研究

近年来，在校大学生犯罪现象日益严重，特别是激情犯罪尤为突出，涉案学生及其家庭付出了惨重的代价，学校教学和管理秩序受到了强烈的冲击和干扰，也给社会造成了重大损失。为此，本文分析了大学生激情犯罪的现状，究其成因展开了调查问卷，并探讨了如何针对导致大学生激情犯罪的几大因素采取更有效的预防措施及教育策略，以避免激情犯罪，促进他们的身心健康发展和自我同一性的形成。     

Celebrity Studies Today

Celebrity, being often unearned and ephemeral, is the lowest form of fame. Nevertheless, it’s a real and fascinating display of personal significance in our time. Celebrities are, of course, questionable role models, but characters of strange and singular greatness such as Elvis and Michael Jackson, everyone knows, aren’t really to be imitated. Celebrities, although they often have interesting political and spiritual opinions, are easily distinguished from political leaders. Celebrity, I show, is more a downside than not of democracy.