略论行政违法的概念及其构成要件

行政违法是指行政主体及行政公务人员违反行政法律规范但尚未构成犯罪而应当承担行政责任的行政行为。其构成要件包括:主体为行政主体及行政公务人员,所侵害的是受行政法律规范所保护的行政关系,实施了违反行政法律规范的行为,实施行政违法行为时主观上有过错。探讨行政违法行为,对于追究行政主体及其公务人员的法律责任,推进依法行政、建设法治政府等具有重要意义。     

清代搜查制度初探

在源远流长的中华法制文明的历史上,尽管有着重实体轻程序的传统,但随着历史的发展,法制文明的进步,传统法上的搜查制度也在实践中不断地完善。清代法制是中国封建法制的高峰,相应的,清代法律中的搜查制度也比较完善。它对搜查的主体、搜查的对象、搜查的执行方式、搜查主体的责任等方面都有比较详细的规定,并且体现出有效保障原则、遵循令状原则、合理根据原则、针对性的搜查原则以及鲜明的国家利益至上的法律思想与人本主义的法律思想。     

The Impact of Prenatal Exposure to Power Plant Emissions on Birth Weight: Evidence from a Pennsylvania Power Plant Located Upwind of New Jersey

To examine the infant health impact of prenatal exposure to power plant emissions, we draw scientific evidence on the impacted region downwind of a large polluter, a coal‐fired power plant located on the border of two states and proven to be the sole contributor to the violation of air quality standards of the impacted region. Our results show that among all live singleton births that occurred during 1990 through 2006, those born to mothers living as far as 20 to 30 miles away downwind from the power plant (which is also an affluent region) during pregnancy are at greater risks of low birth weight (LBW) and very low birth weight (VLBW): the likelihoods of LBW and VLBW could increase approximately by 6.50 and 17.12 percent, respectively. In light of the continual efforts of The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in reducing cross‐state air pollution caused by transboundary power plant emissions, our study is aimed at broadening the scope of cross‐border pollution impact analysis by taking into account adverse infant health effects of upwind polluters, which can impose disproportionate burdens of health risks on downwind states due to air pollutants transported by wind.     

复杂性视域下阿马蒂亚·森发展观的多维审视

复杂性科学提供了一种新的思维方式和方法论,被人文社会科学的学者广泛重视,它具有动态多变性、非线性、自组织性、非加和性、不可还原性等特征。阿马蒂亚·森在质疑以简单性思维为基础的传统发展观基础上,立足于开放社会的复杂系统,用复杂性思维去探索发展问题,提出以人为本的发展观、能力发展观、自由发展观,超越了传统发展观的机械论、还原论等局限,对中国避免西方发达国家弊端,实践科学发展观不无裨益。     

多党合作在改革开放中的优势及作用简论

多党合作是中国历史和现实发展的必然要求.在改革开放的过程中,多党合作具有自身独特的优势和作用.三十年改革开放的实践证明了多党合作的正确性,同时,改革开放要取得更大的成功,就必须始终坚持和不断完善多党合作的政党制度.     

把握马克思主义大众化的关键

马克思主义大众化包括了多个环节.只有把握好其中关键,才能提高推进马克思主义大众化的实效.从过程角度看,把握马克思主义大众化的关键环节包括五个方面:坚持发展的马克思主义是马克思主义大众化的前提,理论与实践相结合是马克思主义大众化的根本途径,加强社会主义文化建设是马克思主义大众化的基础,推进中国共产党的建设是马克思主义大众化的关键,秉持以人为本的发展理念是马克思主义大众化的旨归.     

4株猪瘟流行野毒株病毒结构蛋白E2基因的核苷酸序列分析

应用RT-PCR和nPCR扩增由4株甘肃省近期(1997-1998)猪瘟流行野毒株的E2基因,将其克隆到pGEMTEasy载体上,经转化、筛选、鉴定后,测出核苷核序列.4株流行毒株的E2基因核苷酸序列同源性为89.2%-99.7%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为93.8%-99.0%.这4株流行毒株;与C-株(疫苗种毒)E2基因的核苷酸序列同源性为82.2%-84.3%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为87.9%-90.2%,表明近期猪瘟流行毒株与C-株的gp55蛋白之间存在一定的差异.     

深切的缅怀不尽的思念

薄一波同志因病医治无效,于2007年1月15日20时30分在北京逝世,享年99岁。惊闻噩耗,我们悲痛万分,心痛不已。自《党史纵横》创刊以来,薄一波同志就担任杂志的顾问,直至他离世,已经陪伴杂志走过十九年的风雨历程。多年来,薄老一直默默关注着《党史纵横》,给予了它莫大的支持和勉励。薄老的高风亮节、无私奉献、实事求是的精神深深教育、影响着我们。这位有着传     

童长荣烈士二三事

1984年4月18日《人民日报》发表了夏衍先生的一篇回忆文章,题目是《一位被遗忘了的先行者》。文中披露了一位左翼文化运动的先行者当年在上海的鲜为人知的事迹,表达了对这位革命先烈的深切怀念和惋惜之情。     

Where the Action Is: Macro and Micro Justice in Contract Law

In contemporary private law theory the relationship between ‘macro’ theories of distributive justice and the ‘micro’ site of interpersonal transactions remains under-explored. In this paper, I draw on the ‘macro’ theory of justice articulated by John Rawls and offer an account of ‘micro contractual justice’ that helps us understand how the micro domains of contracting introduce particular relational constraints on the infusion of distributive considerations into contract law, resulting in constrained conception of ‘relational Rawlsianism’ operating in contractual domains. My framework provides a bridge between the macro and micro, helping us understand how they are in various senses separate yet interlocking, and also provides a ‘third way’ between all or nothing positions on the place of distributive justice in contract.