Race as a factor in university admissions

In two recent cases, Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306. (2003) and Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 244. (2003), the Supreme Court held that the Equal Protection Clause permitted state schools to use race-sensitive admissions in order to obtain the educational benefits that flow from a diverse student body. The diversity-based argument for race-sensitive admissions, scholarships, awards, and other opportunities at universities should have been rejected because it does not consider the full range of costs and benefits and because the more narrow educational effects probably weigh against such programs. However, this does not suggest that applicants’ race, ethnicity, and gender should be ignored. Rather the same consideration that led to the defeat of the diversity argument, i.e., reasoning capacity, supports the consideration of demographic factors. However, attention to such factors further undermines the consequentialist case for affirmative action.     

知识分子与和谐社会的构建

知识分子在和谐社会的构建中发挥着重要的作用,他们是先进生产力的开拓者、先进文化的创造者和传播者,也是社会主义政治文明的推动者。为了进一步发挥知识分子的作用,必须进行体制创新,完善知识分子政策;知识分子也必须努力学习,提高自己,具有自觉的历史使命感。     

波特竞争战略与地方院校差异化生存

近年来地方院校在办学上出现了“千校一面”、相互复制的同质化竞争现象,既限制了自身的生存发展空间,也不利于高等教育的可持续发展。迈克尔.波特的竞争理论为地方院校制定发展战略提供了一种理性选择:准确定位,错位竞争,彰显特色,实现差异化生存。     

Randomized experiments in criminology: What have we learned in the last two decades?

This paper aims to review randomized experiments in criminology with offending outcomes and reasonably large numbers that were published between 1982 and 2004. A total of 83 experiments are summarized, compared with only 35 published between 1957 and 1981: 12 on policing, 13 on prevention, 14 on corrections, 22 on courts, and 22 on community interventions. Randomized experiments are still relatively uncommon, but there have been more large-scale multi-site experiments and replication programs. There have also been several experiments in which 100 or more places were randomly assigned. Relatively few experiments (only 10 out of 83) were conducted outside the United States. Meta-analyses suggest that prevention methods, correctional therapy, batterer programs, drug courts, juvenile restitution and deterrent policing were effective in reducing offending, while Scared Straight and boot camp programs caused a significant increase in offending.     

法律特权表征之剖析

表征即特征,是事物本质属性的反映,是区分事物的标准。掌握法律特权的表征体系,我们可以把法律特权与法外的所谓"特权"(即贬义色彩的特权)区分开来。特权有七个表征:特权之权利主体范围狭窄,特权就是豁免权,特权优越于普通权利,特权是有法律边界的自由,有些特权不允许转让、放弃,特权者亦需承担特定的法律义务,特权之创设应操于君主或民意机关。     

生物检材中氰化物浓度与保存时间关系研究

通过动物试验，用荧光光度法测定生物检材中氰化物浓度，研究了氰化物浓度与保存时间关系。结果表明，染毒血液高体120h内，氰化物浓度呈平缓直线上升；120h至168h之间呈指数下降；染毒肝脏检材在168h内呈直线上升，建立了线性方程。     

信用证诈骗罪新探

信用证诈骗罪是我国修订刑法从普通诈骗罪中分离出来的新型犯罪,近年来发案率较高,危害巨大,司法机关在法律适用上存在不少疑难急议问题.本文对信用证诈骗罪犯罪的构成和认定中的若干问题予以探讨.