评匈牙利经济体制及其发展方向

约亨·贝特肯哈根是德意志经济研究所的研究员,他专门从事对经互会国家的能源经济和对外贸易的研究,主要研究国家是匈牙利和罗马尼亚。     

Report on complementary/alternative health care and HIV/AIDS

In 2001, the Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network published a lengthy report on Complementary/Alternative Health Care and HIV/AIDS: Legal, Ethical & Policy Issues in Regulation. The document is the first in a series of papers to be produced by the Legal Network on priority legal and ethical issues related to HIV/AIDS care, treatment, and support. The article below summarizes the contents of the report.     

Preventing mother-to-child transmission: landmark decision by South African court

On 14 December 2001, the High Court of South Africa delivered its judgment in Treatment Action Campaign et al v Minister of Health et al, ruling that the government was in breach of its constitutional obligations and must promptly develop and implement a comprehensive national program to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, including making antiretroviral drugs available for this purpose. This article summarizes the legal arguments and the outcome of a case that is of global significance in holding governments accountable for their obligations to progressively realize the human right to health.     

Examining the Construct Validity of the Original and Revised JBS: A Cross-Validation of Sample and Method

Factor analysis is a statistical technique that can provide an understanding of construct validity. Previous research examining the factor structure of the Juror Bias Scale (JBS) has uncovered problems in the scale's assessment of the constructs of probability of commission (PC) and reasonable doubt (RD). We here reevaluate the scale's constructs to better our understanding of the pretrial biases involved in the juror decision-making process. Importantly, previous findings have been limited to college student samples and trial material that has involved rape evidence. This study examines the construct validity of the JBS in a sample of 617 jury-eligible adults drawn from the community, and the predictive validity of the JBS is examined across 3 distinct trial scenarios. The results parallel earlier findings, indicating that although RD is a tenable and useful construct affecting juror decision-making, PC may be a less relevant pretrial bias. We therefore suggest that future research emphasize alternative constructs, such as confidence and cynicism in the criminal justice system.     

Personal identification based on radiographic vertebral features

Personal identification of human remains constitutes about 10% of the normal caseload of any forensic medicine practice. Identification can be achieved by a variety of methods, one of which is the comparison of antemortem and postmortem radiographs. There are numerous accounts of cranial and dental radiographic features useful for identification, whereas the availability of postcranial radiographs and especially plates that depict the vertebral column is less widespread among the forensic community. The authors here review the various vertebral features instrumental in positive identification that can be identified on radiographs of the spine.     

电流损伤的病理生理学及发生机制研究的新进展

探讨电流损伤的发生机制及病理生理学改变,阐述电流的热效应与非热效应引起机体各器官病理学和病理生理学变化,揭示非热效应的选择性决定了远离触电点的脏器损伤,而临床上和法医实践中见到的损伤则是二者共同作用的结果,这给临床清创带来困难,法医学实践中无电流斑的死因推断也无从下手,由此阐明电流损伤的病理生理学和发生机制是非常重要的。