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282.
A literature search was conducted to collect randomized controlled studies evaluating the outcome of psychological and psychosocial interventions after attempted suicide and deliberate self-harm. Twenty-five studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. The studies are grouped according to the psychological approach chosen for the intervention. They are discussed with regard to both the various therapeutic strategies and models used, and the repetition of self-harming behavior as the main outcome. 相似文献
283.
Over the last decade an increasing number of countries have established national strategies for suicide prevention. In the autumn of 2002 the suicide prevention strategy for England was presented to the general public, introducing what could be called a second generation of national programs for suicide prevention. This strategy uses evidence-based criteria for its priorities more systematically than before. Furthermore, it has put an increased emphasis on goals being specific, preventive measures being practical, and the preventive potential being visible. Other guiding principles for this strategy are that suicide preventive measures and initiatives should be open to monitoring and evaluation, and that revisions and updates of the national strategy should be made regularly--thus constituting an evolving strategy. This paper examines the content of the new national strategy for suicide prevention in England and what new contributions to the field it may make. 相似文献
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286.
能源供应的可靠性和战略稳定性要求俄罗斯在能源领域必须实现燃料—能源资源的部门结构和分布多元化。煤炭运输未来发展的预测是根据“2 0 2 0年前俄罗斯的能源战略”制定的 ,该战略确定了燃料由目前占绝对优势的碳氢化合物 (石油和天然气 )向煤炭、核能和再生材料过渡的进程。同时 ,能源战略的一些指标应该考虑到经济和能源中长期发展计划的可行性和实现性。建立国家未来的起支撑作用的运输网的首要任务 ,是修筑北西伯利亚铁路线 相似文献
287.
Mohino Justes S Ortega-Monasterio L Planchat Teruel LM Cuquerella Fuentes A Talón Navarro T Macho Vives LJ 《Journal of forensic sciences》2004,49(1):137-140
This study investigated deliberate self-harm (DSH) in young inmates. The objectives are twofold: first, to identify the social and clinical characteristics of inmates who commit DSH; and secondly, to ascertain the types of personality who are vulnerable in order to be able to predict future inmates who may harm themselves. A cross-sectional design was used to study psychosocial correctional personality characteristics and clinical pictures in inmates with DSH versus a control group without DSH. The measures used to evaluate different variables were a standard protocol and a self-report questionnaire (MCMI-II). Although the two groups compared are homogeneous and similar in terms of different psychosocial variables, inmates with DSH presented a significant background of maltreatment. Borderline, passive-aggressive, and antisocial personality disorders best discriminated both groups. The detection of borderline, negativistic, and antisocial disorders may help the medical services of penitentiary centers to predict youths with a possible risk of DSH. Despite the results obtained, longitudinal studies are needed to help clarify other risk factors, as well as other risk factors leading to self-harm behavior. 相似文献
288.
Koehler SA Luckasevic TM Rozin L Shakir A Ladham S Omalu B Dominick J Wecht CH 《Journal of forensic sciences》2004,49(2):345-350
Each year over 3 million new chainsaws are sold in the United States. The operation of these newer saws combined with the millions of older chainsaws in circulation results in over 28,000 chainsaw-related injures annually. The majority of the injuries involve the hands and lower extremities with less than 10% involving injuries to the head and neck regions. Deaths while operating a chainsaw are extremely rare. The most common hazards associated with chainsaws are injuries caused by kickback, pushback, and pull-in. Kickback is the most common and poses the greatest hazard. Kickback occurs when the rotating chain is stopped suddenly by contact with a more solid area throwing the saw rapidly backward toward the operator. The cause of most injuries can be traced to improper use of the saw or poor judgment on part of the operator. We present two fatal chainsaw deaths; one with an older style saw, and the other with a modern type. In both cases the victims died from fatal injuries received to the neck region from a chainsaw kickback. The first case involved a 49-year-old white male operating an older style chainsaw with limited safety features. The second case involved a 38-year old white male who was operating a newer model chainsaw equipped with a low kickback chain in an unsafe manner. 相似文献
289.
Noah L 《Connecticut law review》2004,36(4):1133-1161
290.
Viola L Costantinides F Di Nunno C Battista GM Di Nunno N 《Journal of forensic sciences》2004,49(3):595-597
The captive bolt pistol is an atypical firearm exclusively produced and used for butchery of breeding animals, but in some rare cases, it has been used as a lethal weapon for committing suicide by butchers, breeders and other people who have access to such weapons during their professional activities. This study describes the suicide committed by a butcher in the province of Udine (N. Italy) in 2001 who shot himself with his own captive bolt pistol that produced in the right temporal region a circular wound and a bone lesion of the temporal squama with a groove involving the frontal lobe; he died five days later of the fatal consequences of the meningo-encephalic lesions. The medico-legal issues implicated in this case, seen in the light of the data reported in the international literature, illustrate the difficulties faced when diagnosing these types of lesions, bearing in mind their rarity and peculiar nature, and introduce elements of differential diagnosis regarding lesions produced by similar weapons that lead to ascertainment of the event as accidental, suicidal, or homicidal. 相似文献