Mid-Term Misfortune

正Barack obama strives for a sound legacy Predictably,the U.S.Republican Party(GOP)took back the Senate after eight years in a landslide victory during the mid-term congressional election in November.While the GOP is still in control of the House of Representatives,it also gained ground in state governor elections in Illinois,Maryland,Iowa and Colorado—the traditional spheres of influence of the Democrats.     

关于开展青少年媒介素养教育的思考

媒介素养是青少年必备的素养之一。建立政府主导和社会协同有机结合的保障机制,设置独立教学推进课程建设,转换教师角色并加强师资队伍建设,重视家庭教育以保证青少年形成良好持续的媒介习惯等,都有利于青少年接受优质的媒介素养教育,形成良好的媒介素养。     

一株猪源1型呼肠孤病毒的分离及鉴定

为了研究猪呼肠孤病毒的分子生物学特性,通过在细胞培养液中添加胰酶的方法,从仔猪腹泻粪样中分离、纯化并鉴定了1株能在Vero细胞上稳定产生细胞病变,以细胞颗粒增多、肿胀、漂落等细胞病变为主要特征的猪源1型呼肠孤病毒SHR-A株。根据呼肠孤病毒的理化特性,对病毒进行初步纯化,然后进行电镜观察、核酸提取、RNA电泳、RT-PCR、各病毒基因扩增和克隆测序等常规病毒学鉴定。SHR-A株S1基因的同源性分析和核苷酸系统发育进化树分析表明,该病毒与哺乳动物呼肠孤病毒血清1型的同源性较高,而与血清2型和3型的同源性较低,因此初步判断该SHR-A株为血清1型,为国内首次报道从猪体内分离到血清1型的呼肠孤病毒。进一步分析发现,SHR-A的S1基因全长为1 465bp,其3′-UTR为3型,其余部分则为1型,说明其S1基因是1型和3型的嵌合体,此结果表明,哺乳动物呼肠孤病毒作为RNA病毒,基因重组可能是其除基因突变和基因重排以外的第3种病毒变异进化的重要方式。     

Law and Its Rhetoric of Violence

This article explores the manner in which politico-legal language makes use of metaphors of violence and destruction in order to describe state/legal functions and actions. It argues that although such use of a militaristic hyperbole is generally regarded as normal and appropriate, it is in fact harmful in the way that it presents complex and specific problems as being simple and abstract. From a semiotic point of view, and using the work of Roland Barthes, law is regarded as a system of signs and ‘combative’ legal language can be seen as ideological manipulation through the technique of so-called second-level signification (myth). Although it is conceded that law, similar to all other interpretive systems, cannot avoid the use of metaphoric language, it is argued that we should resist regarding legal language as neutral and ‘natural’ and that we should rather retain the memory of legal concepts and categories as historical, man-made, and therefore always open to revision.     

论国家科技计划项目合同的私法属性及制度构建

国家科技计划项目合同是国家科技管理部门与科研机构或科研人员之间,为实现国家科技计划、完成特定科研项目,确立双方权利义务关系而订立的合同。它是一种特殊的科研合同,属于私法契约范畴。目前我国国家科技计划项目合同制度存在着计划项目任务书与合同相混淆、合同性质不清、合同主体不清晰、权利义务不对等、具体合同条款内容设计不科学、责任性质不明确、纠纷救济机制和途径不清晰等缺陷和问题。在明确该合同为民事合同的前提下,有必要对其进行相应的制度重构。     

四川汉族青少年肘关节数字X线影像骨龄特征研究

目的观测四川地区青少年肘关节数字X影像的骨发育特征规律,建立肘关节推断年龄的回归方程。方法拍摄608例8～18岁青少年进行肘关节数字X线片,按性别及年龄分组,选取肘关节6个骨化中心作为观测指标,对发育特征进行分级、赋值。采用SPSS 15.0统计软件对各观测值进行描述性统计学分析,建立推算年龄的回归方程。结果得出男女性青少年肘关节继发骨化中心出现、闭合的年龄范围、平均年龄以及95%置信区间等数据。一元回归方程的复相关系数(R)范围:男性0.874～0.914,女性0.883～0.954;年龄估计值标准误(SE)范围:男性0.934～1.101岁,女性0.561～0.883岁;多元回归方程R值及SE值:男性为0.946、0.750岁,女性为0.964、0.500岁。所有方程均经统计学检验与诊断,具有较好的适用性。结论本文选择的肘关节指标发育特征与年龄有相关性,其中肱骨内上髁、桡骨小头及肱骨小头骨骺均呈高度显著相关,建立的回归方程可用于相关人群年龄推断,且多元回归方程准确性更高。     

关于检察权司法职能的再思考

我国检察权的本质属性是法律监督性.这种本质属性是通过我国检察机关的一般性质、工作内容以及工作方式表现出来的.而从检察权概念的学术争议与检察权的司法属性来看,检察权应承载司法职能.本文在提倡检察机关应直接参与社会管理活动的背景下,重新审视了导致检察权司法职能弱化和行政化倾向的主要原因.认为只有正确理解检察机关的地位和作用,在社会管理中充分发挥检察权的司法功能,才能实现检察权参与社会管理.     

量刑法定化:罪刑法定原则内涵的应有拓展

罪刑法定原则必须与时俱进,刑法规范内容的多样化必然带来罪刑法定原则内容的多样化,但罪刑法定原则长期被学界定位为犯罪与刑罚的法定化,无法充分体现其限制刑罚权滥用的制度价值。随着刑事司法中的最大问题由罪刑擅断到量刑不公的转变,罪刑法定原则的内涵亦应该有所拓展,即从"犯罪与刑罚之法定化"的二元格局迈向"犯罪、刑罚与量刑之法定化"的三元格局。其中,评价范围与评价方法的法定化,就是量刑法定化的题中之义。     

Employee Voluntary and Involuntary Turnover and Organizational Performance: Revisiting the Hypothesis from Classical Public Administration

ABSTRACT:

This article examines the effects of voluntary, involuntary, and absolute turnover rates on organizational performance. Adopting human capital and cost-benefit theories, this article posits that voluntary and involuntary turnover would have a linear negative and an inverted U-shaped relationship with organizational performance, respectively, and that an absolute turnover measure can prevent us from revealing the distinct effects of different types of turnover. Using four years of data from Florida school districts, primary findings suggest that involuntary turnover has an inverted U-shaped relationship with organizational performance, first positive and then negative, while the relationship between voluntary turnover and organizational performance remains inconclusive. The findings also suggest that absolute turnover rates can mask the complex and dissimilar impact that various types of turnover have on organizational performance.     

Are the government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) justified?

Recent studies provide evidence that the government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) might not be justified under a rigorous and innovative framework of cost-benefit analysis. The policy implication is that the GSEs might have finished their historical mission of building the secondary mortgage market, but now with a mature secondary mortgage market, they might not be beneficial any more – maybe it is the time for them to exit.