Streiflichter zum Verhältnis von Parlamentsakten und EMRK

Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Beziehung zwischen Parlamentsakten und der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention. Dabei wird beleuchtet, wie verschiedene Parlamentsakte in ein Spannungsverhältnis zu den Vorgaben der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention treten können. Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die maßgebliche Rechtslage hinsichtlich der österreichischen Parlamente bzw deren Mitglieder auf Bundes- sowie Landesebene.     

Experiences of Stalking Victims and Requests for Help in Three European Countries. A Survey

Previous research by the Modena Group on Stalking (MGS) regarding awareness and recognition of stalking by police officers and general practitioners using case scenarios showed significant differences across three countries. It was also hypothesized that victims used different pathways when seeking help. To explore the experience of requesting help by victims of stalking in different European countries a detailed survey was completed by 391 victims of stalking in Belgium (n = 145), Italy (n = 126) and Slovenia (n = 120). The research confirmed the significant intensity and duration of stalking and psychological distress for victims. Victims used several pathways to survive stalking. Some victims reported that informal interventions they or family/friends implemented were effective, but the majority had to have recourse to helping agencies. Significant differences in help seeking behaviour were found between the three countries. In Belgium victims contacted the police, as well as other helping agencies, more often and more precociously than in Italy and Slovenia. Restriction orders against the stalker were considered the most effective intervention. Police were regarded as the least supportive agency, taking victims less seriously, and not being particularly effective at stopping the stalkers. Police were ranked after family/friends, lawyers and colleagues, with regards effectiveness, except in Belgium, where Police’s effectiveness was ranked second after lawyers. Stalking often requires the mobilization of multiple helping agencies by victims and it is important that victims are aware of what help is available to them and that agencies become more sensitive to their needs.     

关于国际秩序调整构建问题的思考

国际秩序正处于调整重构的关键时期。此次调整重构的最大背景,一是全球化深入发展,但同时全球化发展过程中的各种矛盾日益突出;二是大国力量对比发生重要变化,一批新兴力量崛起;三是各主要力量针对形势的变化,围绕构筑于已有利的“软”环境加紧运筹。     

Correlates of the victim-offender relationship in homicide

Using a classification of homicides based on the victim-offender relationship, this research analyzes individual-level data from a local prosecutor's office in Taiwan with multinomial logistic regression to locate the more precise correlates of three different homicide relationship types. The results of the analyses provide further support for the hypothesis that such partitioning of homicides is fruitful in revealing the relationships otherwise obscured. They indicate that both sociodemographic variables and situational variables are important correlates of three different homicide relationships, but their strengths vary based on the particular homicide relationship type. Age and crime premises correlate with homicide differently based on the victim-offender relationship. Premeditation is related to acquaintance homicide but not to intimate homicide. In contrast, previous conviction is associated with intimate homicide but not with acquaintance homicide. The implication of the findings is discussed within the limitation of the data.     

公安学、警察学及其相互关系

公安即社会安全 (Socialsafety) ,是指人类社会的安全、稳定和秩序。公安学 (Socialsafetytheory)是关于人类社会安全问题的学问 ,研究什么是人类社会的安全 ,为什么人类社会会出现安全问题 ,怎样才能实现人类社会的安全 ,其主要范畴有安全、稳定、秩序和与之对应的战争、动乱、恐怖、灾害等。警察是指对人类社会的安全、稳定和秩序的守护 ,即对于侵害社会安全的事物的预防、察知、警报和即时抗击。警察学 (policetheory)是关于如何预防、察知、警报和即时抗击侵害社会安全的事物的学问 ,研究什么是警察 ,为什么要警察 ,怎样警察 ,其主要范畴有警察、安全、危害、犯罪等。公安学与警察学是两个区别很大的学科 ,但两者间的联系也不能忽视。     

科学发展观与思想政治教育的实效性

科学发展观作为国防和军队建设的重要指导方针,对部队思想政治教育同样具有重要的指导意义。增强部队思想政治教育的实效性,必须以科学发展观为统领,在充分发挥以人为本的亲和力、利益原则的吸引力、领导人格的感召力、和谐环境的浸染力方面下功夫。     

论刑事诉讼中的单位作证

单位,包括公司、企业、事业单位、机关团体等,在我国特有的文化和社会环境中扮演着特别而又重要的角色,在经济、文化、司法领域从事着积极的活动。在刑事案件中,对于某些事实由单位出具证明材料是司空见惯的事情。但是,我国刑事诉讼法没有象民事诉讼法那样明文规定单位的作证资格和法律地位。笔者认为,立法和司法实践中忽视甚至排除、否定单位在刑事诉讼证明中的作用是不客观的法律,应当赋予单位证人的资格。     

我国少先队工作70年发展历程及反思

中国少年先锋队建队70年来,在社会变迁及基础教育改革的背景下,呈现出阶段性的发展样态。研究运用政策文本分析法和历史与逻辑相统一的方法,并以复杂系统论为方法论,将少先队工作先后划分为四个阶段:时势裹挟下的高歌时期,朴素经验的恢复与创生期,素质教育框架下的同质化发展期以及多重困境下的自觉改革期。70年来,少先队工作的总体成就是:始终坚持中国共产党的领导,构建了组织层次分明的管理体系和运行机制,形成了一系列富有成效的少先队工作经验等。然而,面对时代的挑战,少先队工作也存在着转型不及时,独立性意识较为薄弱,少先队专业化建设不充分,缺乏一定比例的专业型教师等问题。在新的机遇和挑战面前,少先队在发展中需不断强化危机意识,加强制度保障、专业保障及人员保障。     

关于广告语构成商品包装、装潢要素的法律思考

商品包装、装潢作为一种商业标识,在竞争法意义上进行保护具有重要意义。包装、装潢要素应具有可识别性,在网络和多媒体环境下,其要素范围不断扩展,不仅包括文字、图像等可视性传统要素,同样包括声音、气味等扩展要素。特定的广告语与商品相连,作为可识别性标志,其具有财产价值,应纳入商品包装、装潢要素加以法律保护。分析当前有关包装、装潢的立法现状和存在问题,对我国商品包装、装潢的反不正竞争法保护提出建议。     

一起自建集中式供水单位生活饮用水不符合卫生标准行政处罚案例评析

卫生行政执法部门在处理群众投诉举报时,对生活饮用水等与健康相关的产品依法进行采样抽检,对样品抽检结果不合格的单位依法对其处罚时,要对相关证据进行核实。通过本案例分析,提示对于检测样品要严格按照相关规范进行采样,对检验结果要依据国家卫生标准进行相关分析,相关程序符合要求,才能依据检验结果适用法律进行行政处罚。