口头优先还是书面优先？——国际诉讼法协会（IAPL）2008年年会主题述评

国际诉讼法协会2008年年会的主题为“口头及书面程序：民事诉讼中的效率”。围绕该问题各国学者（主要是大陆法系学者）形成两派观点：一派强调书面程序能有效提高诉讼的效率;另一派则强调口头原则的重要性。两者背后的价值追求都是“如何提高程序效率”。此次会议主题反映出大陆法系民事诉讼在基本程序保障实现后,提高诉讼效率成为十分突出和急迫的问题。此次年会上,学者就相关理论问题展开讨论,如两种“诉讼目的观”的对立、有关书面和口头原则的“两个神话”的解构等。     

破产管理人义务和责任探析

准确界定破产管理人的法律地位是确定破产管理人义务的必要理论前提。通过对破产管理人法律地位各种学说的分析,笔者认为破产管理人的法律地位应定位于受托人,并在此基础上认为破产管理人义务是公司董事义务在破产法中的延续,其内容也包括勤勉和忠实两项。破产管理人违反义务在商业判断规则豁免之外应采用过错归责原则。     

Institutionalized corruption: power overconcentration of the First-in-Command in China

Among various kinds of corruption in China, corruption of the First-in-Command (FIC) is most pernicious, threatening the legitimacy of the Chinese Communist Party and the stability of the state. This paper examines several specific institutional arrangements under China’s current political structure, including the people’s congress, the ruling party system, and the collective leadership team system, to see how they have contributed to power overconcentration in the hands of FICs. This is done in a two-round process: first through the collective leadership team and then by the gestating decision-making rule. The paper also assesses four institutional innovations designed to prevent FIC corruption.

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大鼠挫伤骨骼肌中M1/M2型巨噬细胞时间相关性研究

目的 研究大鼠骨骼肌挫伤后M1/M2型巨噬细胞浸润的动态变化规律结合组织学改变建立损伤时间推断方法.方法 建立大鼠骨骼肌挫伤模型,挫伤后6h、12h、24h、36h、48h、60h、72h、96h、144h、216h、336h为实验组,对照组不进行任何处理.采用HE染色法和免疫荧光多重染色方法观察骨骼肌挫伤后修复规律,...     

Analysis of sensitivity and specificity: precise recognition of neutrophils during regeneration of contused skeletal muscle in rats

In this report, we applied the TissueFAXS 200 digital pathological analysis system to rapidly and accurately identify neutrophils during regeneration of contused skeletal muscle, and to provide information for follow-up studies on neutrophils to estimate wound age. Rat injury model was established, and skeletal muscle samples were obtained from the control group and contusion groups at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h, as well as at 1, 3, 5, and 15 d post-injury (n = 5 per group). The expression of nuclei and neutrophils was detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. A total of 20 injury site areas of 0.25 mm² (0.5 mm × 0.5 mm) were then randomly selected at all time points. A TissueFAXS 200 digital pathological analysis system was used to identify the positive and negative numbers. Knowledge of five professional medical workers were considered the gold standard to measure the false positive rate (FPR), false negative rate (FNR), sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. As a result, with a staining area of neutrophils from 8 µm² to 15 µm², the FPR was 4.28%–12.14%, the FNR was 12.42%–64.08%, the sensitivity was 35.92%–87.58%, the specificity was 87.86%–95.72%, the Youden index was 0.316–0.754, the accuracy was 82.80%–88.30%, and the AUC was 0.771–0.826. The AUC was largest when the cut-off value of the staining area was 12 µm². Our results show that this software-based method is more accurate than the human eye in evaluating neutrophil infiltration. Based on the sensitivity and specificity, neutrophils can be accurately identified during regeneration of contused skeletal muscle. The TissueFAXS 200 digital pathological analysis system can also be used to optimize conditions for different cell types under various injury conditions to determine the optimal cut-off value of the staining area and provide optimal conditions for further study. Furthermore, it will provide evidence for forensic pathology cases.     

“底层文化资本”是否可行——关于学校教育中的文化资本与社会流动的几个理论问题的探讨

"寒门贵子"是近期教育界比较关注的话题,一些研究者提出用"底层文化资本"的概念加以解释。本文回顾了近年来从文化资本视角解读底层背景学生社会流动的研究文献,结合其他一些学者的相关论述,梳理了底层文化资本概念与布迪厄的文化资本理论体系之间的关系,指出二者之间存在兼容性而且实际上已有学者从这个角度对文化资本概念加以拓展。然而,文章进一步指出仅仅从底层文化资本角度解读底层子女的社会流动,甚至尝试"成功路径"复制的思路存在着一定的误导风险与理论陷阱,可能导致严重的实践后果。     

The Whole Picture

Why it is important to improve Hong Kong's electoral systemThe Central Government holds the power and responsibility to lead improvements in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR)'s electoral system.The improvement is meant to ensure Hong Kong's democratic system develops more smoothly in a healthy way.     

区域全面经济伙伴关系协定对台湾的经济影响--基于价值链分析和GTAP政策模拟

2020年11月,区域全面经济伙伴关系协定(RCEP)正式签署,全球最大的自由贸易区应运而生。本文从传统贸易与价值链出发,阐述台湾与RCEP成员经贸关系和价值链联系,分析RCEP签署对台湾经济和贸易的影响,利用GTAP模型模拟RCEP关税削减对台湾岛内经济与产业的影响。结果显示:RCEP建立将导致台湾对外贸易与投资的转移,贸易条件恶化,从而对岛内各产业产出、经济增长、消费者福利带来负面冲击。同时,台湾通过后向联系参与全球价值链的低端产业将面临被替代的风险。     

涉私募基金非法集资犯罪的问题研究——以新时代提升治理效能的法治思维为起源

涉私募基金非法集资犯罪的发生严重影响国家金融安全和社会稳定,随着新时代的到来,涉私募基金非法集资犯罪呈现出不同于以往集资类犯罪的特点。我们需要在准确分析其特点及成因的基础上,采取社会综合治理的模式,通过拓宽涉私募资金领域投融资渠道、推进涉私募基金立法工作的开展、强化涉私募基金行业的监管力度、完善涉私募基领域犯罪界定机制等保障金融安全。     

论网络犯罪的现象和原因

网络犯罪是典型的计算机犯罪 ,网络的发展 ,既可以促进社会经济的全面发展 ,也有可能给人类社会带来不可估计的损失 ,我们应以客观的态度来看待这个问题。不能盲目惊喜于网络给我们社会带来的种种便利 ,过分夸张网络的无所不能 ,认为发展了科学技术就能自动地解决社会生活中的种种问题 ,而忽视它的不稳定性 ;也不能对网络全面否定 ,忽视网络对社会的推动作用 ,进而人为地限制网络的正常发展 ,这样更是得不偿失的。