东方社会主义的法律发展——从马克思到邓小平的理论探索

本文指出 ,马克思对于未来社会主义社会法制建设的思考 ,经历了一个从以西欧社会为背景的研究到晚年关注东方社会法权关系转型变革的转变 ;列宁的历史性贡献之一 ,在于他对在俄国这样一个“半亚细亚”国家建立社会主义制度以后的法律发展作出了艰辛的创造性探索 ;毛泽东把马克思主义法学理论与中国具体的法制实践结合起来 ,力图走出一条具有中国特色的法制建设之路 ;邓小平探讨了人治到法治这一法律革命进程的内在规律性 ,建构了一个具有鲜明中国风格的社会主义法制现代化模式     

调解的重构(下)——以法院调解的改革为重点

调解作为中国自古就存在的一种纠纷解决方式 ,甚至是社会治理的一种制度性或体制性存在 ,在现代仍然有着极为重要的意义。本文采取一种综合各种功能的多元价值论 ,主张客观地认识调解的各种功能和价值。同时 ,力图通过对于以法院调解改革为重点获取的实证资料的分析 ,提出一种有关我国调解的功能和价值的建设性的意见或理论框架 ,实现一种对于调解的重构 ,以使其获得现代转型和重生。     

"国家尊重和保障人权"之法律关系解读

从法律关系的视角,探析我国《宪法(修正案)》"国家尊重和保障人权"这一条款的法理意蕴,应当强调公民是人权关系的权利主体,而国家则是尊重和保障人权的义务主体。国家在尊重和保障人权中担当义务主体有其历史必然性和现实必要性,同时要正确理解国家概念及其变化、国家和个人的关系。人权主体具有普遍性和多样性,人权主体的普遍性关涉权利平等问题,个人人权、集体人权和群体人权的性质各不相同。人权的分类既有传统的分类理论,也出现了新的分类方法,国家尊重人权的义务和保障人权的义务是两种内涵不同的义务。     

China’s ten years in the wto: its performance and new challenges

Becoming a member of the WTO in 2001 was a historic event of great significance during the process of China’s reform and opening up. Since then, China has steadily pushed forward the reform and opening up policy, proactively seizing the opportunities of economic globalization and positively utilizing the multilateral trading system to develop economic and trade relations with other countries, all of which have contributed to the great economic and social achievements during the first decade of 21st century. However, there are different opinions on China’s futuristic role in the WTO, and those disagreements resulting from various interest preferences are not only one-sided and limited, but also triggering off the discussions on the criteria to assess China’s performance in the WTO. This article argues that China’s activities in the WTO (i.e., implementing WTO commitments, participating in the Doha Round negotiation, the dispute settlement and trade policy review) should be a kind of assessment criteria. Based on comprehensive observation of China’s performance in the WTO, it is concluded in this article that China’s participation in the WTO system and global trade governance extends the scope of world trade law, improves its effectiveness, constitutes China’s new contributions to implement treaty obligations in good faith, resolves peacefully international trade disputes, and maintains substantively the international rule of law. At the same time, it has not only caused new driving forces for international trading system, but also made China face new challenges in the WTO.     

Validation studies of the ParaDNA® Intelligence System with artificial evidence items

Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling is one of the mostly used systems for forensic applications. In certain circumstances, STR profiling is time-consuming and costly, which potentially leads to delays in criminal investigations. LGC (Laboratory of the Government Chemist, UK) Forensics has developed a robust STR profiling platform called the ParaDNA^® Intelligence Test System which can provide early tactical intelligence and aid investigators in making informed decisions on sample prioritization for detection. Here, we validated the ParaDNA intelligence test for its application in forensic cases using a range of mock evidence items following guidelines set by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). Specifically, we tested the sensitivity and accuracy of the ParaDNA intelligence test, as well as the success rates for detecting mock samples and for use in case scenarios. Our findings demonstrate that the ParaDNA intelligence test generates useful DNA profiles, especially for samples such as blood, saliva, and semen that contain ample DNA, indicating the benefits of including ParaDNA as a prior step in forensic STR profiling pipelines.     

多系统联合分析在复杂亲缘关系鉴定中的应用评估

目的 对公安部物证鉴定中心自主研发的4种DNA扩增试剂盒在复杂亲缘关系鉴定中的联合应用评估.方法 使用公安部物证鉴定中心自主研发的DNATyperTM19C试剂盒、DNATyper TMY29试剂盒、DNATyper TMX19试剂盒和DNATyper TM25试剂盒检测收集的302份复杂亲缘关系样本,并将结果与使用市...     

试论高等院校推行学分制的思考

学分制是一个符合现代教育发展趋势,有利学生个性发展和综合素质全面提高的教学管理制度,它的实施和完善是一个长期的过程。一方面要看到学分制作为一种管理手段所具有的优越性和条件约束性,慎重推进;另一方面要创造条件,在调查研究的基础上,努力探索切合国情校情的、能促进教学质量不断提高的教学管理制度,不断完善学分制。     

青少年犯罪现状原因及预防对策

近年来,青少年犯罪呈上升趋势,笔者根据司法实践遇到的大量青少年犯罪的案例,分析青少年犯罪的现状、原因以及预防对策。     

基于SIRT1/PGC-1α通路探讨电针联合丰富康复训练对脑缺血大鼠氧化应激的影响

目的探讨电针联合丰富康复训练对脑缺血大鼠急性期神经损伤的保护机制。方法随机选取15只SD大鼠为假手术组,另将模型复制成功的大脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)模型大鼠60只随机分为模型组、电针组、丰富康复训练组(康复组)和电针联合丰富康复训练组(联合组),每组15只。假手术组和模型组不进行干预,电针组和联合组于“百会”“大椎”进行电针治疗;康复组和联合组予以丰富环境与康复训练,每次30 min,每日1次,连续治疗3 d。观察大鼠缺血侧皮质区脑血流量、组织形态学、阳性细胞率的动态变化,检测缺血侧皮质中丙二醛(malonic dialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)含量;RT-PCR检测沉默信息调节因子1(silent information regulator 1,SIRT1)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγcoactivator-1α,PGC-1α)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3,Caspase-3)及半胱氨酸蛋白酶-9(cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-9,Caspase-9)mRNA的表达水平。结果分组因素对缺血侧皮质中MDA、SOD水平和SIRT1、PGC-1α、Caspase-3、Caspase-9、Bcl-2 mRNA表达水平的主效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠脑血流量,SOD水平,SIRT1、PGC-1α、Bcl-2 mRNA表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05),阳性细胞率,MDA水平,Caspase-3、Caspase-9 mRNA表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,各治疗组SOD水平,SIRT1、PGC-1α、Bcl-2 mRNA表达水平显著上升(P<0.05),MDA水平和Caspase-3、Caspase-9 mRNA表达水平显著降低(P<0.05);联合组与电针组、康复组比较,上述各指标表达水平均有统计学意义(P<0.05);电针联合丰富康复训练对缺血侧皮质MDA、SOD水平和SIRT1、PGC-1αmRNA表达水平的影响具有交互作用(P<0.05),对Caspase-3、Caspase-9、Bcl-2 mRNA表达水平的影响无交互作用(P>0.05)。结论电针联合丰富康复训练可通过调控SIRT1/PGC-1α通路,提高抗氧化能力,改善神经细胞损伤,发挥神经保护作用。     

复方泽漆颗粒治疗血热型银屑病临床观察及皮肤镜变化

目的 观察复方泽漆颗粒治疗血热型银屑病的疗效及治疗前后银屑病皮损区的皮肤镜表现.方法 将45例银屑病血热证患者随机分成治疗组23例和对照组22例,两组分别口服复方泽漆颗粒和复方青黛胶囊8周.采用银屑病面积与严重性指数(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)对两组疗效进行评价,采用...