建立中印自由贸易区的难点问题与对策研究

近年来,中印两国关于建立中印自由贸易区（RTA）的研究取得了明显的进展,但尚未进入政府间的谈判,要建立RTA还有不少难点与挑战。主要是历史及边界遗留问题、现实产品市场竞争及能源竞争问题、预期利益分享的计算问题等一时难以逾越的障碍和挑战。在现阶段仍可从以下方面多做些工作：完善两国政治及军事交流与合作机制,理性疏导两国国内的民族主义情绪,在涉及各国国内敏感问题时应给予相互尊重,加强双方在关税和非关税领域合作力度,完善双方已有的区域合作机制,加强专业人才交流与培训,等等。     

Editor's note

Abstract

In this article the author investigates the degree to which regional political relationships as well as domestic political stability have changed as a result of the Gulf War. As the countries of the former Warsaw Pact, Latin America, and elsewhere attempt to democratize, often with American support, the countries of the Gulf, at least on the governmental level, appear largely immune to this trend. This is belied somewhat by popular desires for political liberalization as well as cynicism about America's aims in the region. The political future and stability of this key part of the world is further complicated by the changing relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia who share a distrust for Iraq if little else. Thus, despite the Gulf War, many of the key issues that have traditionally influenced the Gulf region remain salient even after significant modifications in the status of the regional power‐holders.     

量刑程序改革的实体法支撑

在刑法理论上必须对量刑基准、量刑情节等问题进行研究,才能为量刑程序的改革提供实体上的支持,从而在量刑环节确立争论点,增强控辩对抗,为法官准确量刑提供素材。没有实体法上的支撑,围绕量刑程序的所有美好设计都可能落空。目前流行的关于量刑基准的各种实务理解均存在诸多不足;寻找量刑基准的方法应当是实证分析法;量刑基准的确立,需要检察官、法官、学者的通力合作。量刑情节具有两面性,对量刑情节的判断可能受非理性因素的影响。在多个逆向情节并存的情况下,立足于抵消说的"综合判断说"基本上是合理的。     

To Our Readers

Contemporary International Relations, the English journal published by China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, is now 15 years old. Since its conception as the first Chinese journal in English covering the field of international relations, it has presented to our readers numerous articles written by the research fellows of our institutes on the subjects of international affairs, international relations, and international relations theories. We have received numerous letters of encouragement and positive comments. We have also gotten letters in which our readers have given their opinions on what they would like to see in this journal. Some readers pointed out to us the mistakes in the translation. Other readers noted the occasional delay in delivery or even missing issues. We are grateful to those who have always supported us. We also feel the need to improve for those who have not been totally satisfied with our journal.     

Need determination in AFDC program

This study summarizes the State policy with respect to the determination of need in the Federal-State program of AFDC. The areas discussed are the individual State definitions of need, the content of need standard, the types of persons included in the payment, the amount of income and resources allowed recipient families, the method of determining need, and a comparison of State food allowances with the Department of Agriculture cost figures. The cumulative effect of these policies on payments is also explored. The information in the report is based on data assembled for the biennial report of program plan characteristics early in 1978.     

To Our Readers

Contemporary International Relations, the English journal published by China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, is now 15 years old.