Firm innovation in policy-driven parks and spontaneous clusters: the smaller firm the better?

Mixed evidence has been found regarding how locating in a cluster or a park affects firms?? performance. This paper investigates how locating in different types of clusters and parks interacted by firm size or in-house R&D capability affects a firm??s innovation. Empirically testing the research hypotheses by the data of 165 Taiwan??s manufacturing firms in the information and communication technology sector and taking policy-driven parks (e.g., science parks and industrial parks) and spontaneously clusters as examples, we find that in emerging economies, firms with inferior in-house R&D capability gain more innovation benefits by locating in a science park or a spontaneous cluster while smaller firms gain more innovation benefits by locating in an industry park or a spontaneous cluster. Moreover, our findings also suggest that locating in a science park, smaller firms benefit more than larger firms in terms of innovation performance whereas larger firms benefit more than smaller firms in terms of market performance. The findings suggest that in emerging economies, compared to larger firms, smaller firms are less influenced by negative spillover effect when locating in clusters or parks.     

Preferences for Police Response to Domestic Violence: A Comparison of College Students in Three Chinese Societies

While a large amount of research has been conducted in the West on domestic violence related issues, only a small number of studies have focused specifically on Chinese societies. Using survey data collected from Beijing, Hong Kong, and Taipei, this study compares college students’ preferences for traditional and proactive police intervention into domestic violence and assesses the determinants of such preferences in the three Chinese societies. The findings indicate that Hong Kong students showed the highest level of support for traditional police response, followed by students in Beijing and Taipei, while students in Taipei displayed the strongest preference for proactive police response, followed by students in Hong Kong and Beijing. College students’ preferences for traditional police response were shaped mainly by their locality, whereas their preferences for proactive police intervention were influenced chiefly by their attitudes toward violence and gender roles. Directions for future research are discussed.     

Effects of synthetic cannabinoids on electroencephalogram power spectra in rats

Several synthetic cannabinoids have recently been distributed as psychoactive adulterants in many herbal products on the illegal drug market around the world. However, there is little information on pharmacology and toxicology of such compounds. Although Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC), a psychoactive cannabinoid of marijuana, was reported to affect electroencephalograms (EEG) of rats, the effects of synthetic cannabinoids are unknown. We examined the pharmacological activities of three synthetic cannabinoids; cannabicyclohexanol (CCH), CP-47,497 and JWH-018; by analyzing EEG power spectra and locomotor activity after intraperitoneal administration to rats and compared them with those of Δ(9)-THC. The three compounds significantly increased the EEG power in the frequency range of 5.0-6.0 Hz for the first 3h, while Δ(9)-THC decreased the power spectra in the wide range of 7.0-20.0 Hz during the first hour. These results indicate that the effect of the three compounds on EEG is different from that of Δ(9)-THC. Additionally, CCH, CP-47,497 and JWH-018 significantly decreased the locomotor activity for 11.5h, 11h and 4.5h, respectively, after administration which was longer than that of Δ(9)-THC (3.5h). Furthermore, all three compounds significantly reduced the total amounts of locomotor activity during a 3-h, 6-h and 12-h period after injection, whereas no statistical difference was observed for the Δ(9)-THC injection. Among the three compounds, CCH and CP-47,497 exerted a longer duration of the change in the EEG power spectra and suppression of the locomotor activity than JWH-018.     

6个Y-STR荧光复合扩增系统的建立及应用

目的建立6个Y-STR荧光复合扩增体系,评价其法医学应用价值。方法设计DYS444,GATA-A7.2,GATA-A10,DYS390,GATA-A7.1,DYS443荧光复合扩增引物,扩增总体积20μL,内含模板DNA0.5～10ng,PCR产物用3130遗传分析仪电泳,GenemapperID v 3.2分析结果,根据等位基因标准命名各等位基因,并评价该系统的特异性、准确性、均衡性、灵敏度及对混合血样的分析能力。结果当dNTP、Mg2+分别为200μmol/L、1.5mmol/L时扩增效果最佳,0.5～10ngDNA模板量均能获得较好的扩增效果,各基因座分型结果清晰,扩增均衡,特异性强,重现性好,基本满足实际应用的性能要求。对湖北汉族群体进行遗传学调查,结果GD值0.580 3～0.722 3,共检出158种单倍型,其多样性为0.995 8。结论本文6个Y-STR扩增系统分型可靠,配合常用Y-STR分型试剂盒,可进一步提高个体识别能力。     

传统中国法比附援引的源与流

文本表达与司法实践背离的问题自古有之,直到今天仍然困扰着我们。传统法比附援引在弥合法律文本与司法实践的缝隙方面发挥了至关重要的作用,与缘法定罪之间存在一定的张力,二者共同保证了司法结论的合法性与正当性。如何约束司法者比附的恣意性,是比附援引能够发挥应有作用的前提保证。探究比附援引的源与流对当下罪刑法定下如何把握扩张性解释的度具有一定的启发意义。     

北京民间妇女组织公信力建设的路径探索

公信力是民间妇女组织获取支持并得以持续发展的重要条件。近年来,北京民间妇女组织有了一定程度的发展,但相对于其他民间组织,民间妇女组织发展则较为缓慢,其突出表现为公众对民间妇女组织的认知度偏低。因此,提高北京民间妇女组织的公信力,需从自律机制、他律机制两方面寻求具有可操作性的实施路径。     

政府与国有银行股权改革：问题、经验与建议

在国有银行股权改革进程中,政府是制度变迁的启动者、提供者,国有银行股权改革体现了政府主导、自上而下、由表及里、渐进式的逻辑特点。由此形成的政府与银行间＂惯性控制＂与＂惯性依附＂的非同寻常＂关系＂对法律产生了＂挤出效应＂,致使法律边缘化、纸面化,即＂法律失灵＂。因此,完善国有银行股权结构,关键是要信守法治理念,清晰地界定政府之于银行的边界,取消政府利用银行体系实现政府广泛政策目标的做法,允许银行根据商业目标做出贷款决策。     

“善治”理念下的低碳生态城市及其过程创新研究

本文运用善治理念和过程研究方法对我国低碳生态城市发展问题进行深入研究,明确提出低碳生态城市发展是一个相互依存的系统动态演进过程。进一步地,文章从主体嵌入过程和客体发展过程两个维度,对善治理念下低碳生态城市的过程创新进行了探索,揭示出低碳生态城市善治具有自然环境生态化、经济发展低碳化和社会生活幸福化的深刻内涵及外延。     

棚户区改造与社区治理论——从莫地的变迁谈起

通过对抚顺市莫地社区棚户区改造前后巨大变化的对比案例及分析,探讨了国内传统型社区进行治理的基本模式塑造,并提供了政策建议及制度建设方面的意见,指出政府应在总体规划、政策法律制定、资金投入方面形成制度,同时非政府机构亦应贡献其经济、组织等社会力量。