4株猪瘟流行野毒株病毒结构蛋白E2基因的核苷酸序列分析

应用RT-PCR和nPCR扩增由4株甘肃省近期(1997-1998)猪瘟流行野毒株的E2基因,将其克隆到pGEMTEasy载体上,经转化、筛选、鉴定后,测出核苷核序列.4株流行毒株的E2基因核苷酸序列同源性为89.2%-99.7%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为93.8%-99.0%.这4株流行毒株;与C-株(疫苗种毒)E2基因的核苷酸序列同源性为82.2%-84.3%,相应的氨基酸序列同源性为87.9%-90.2%,表明近期猪瘟流行毒株与C-株的gp55蛋白之间存在一定的差异.     

利用aroA基因建立鸡传染性鼻炎PCR诊断方法

利用aroA基因设计了1对引物,分别对10株标准副鸡嗜血杆菌(HPG)菌株、14株分离的HPG菌株进行PCR扩增,结果均得到了与预期大小一致的片段,而对10株非HPG菌株和3株病毒进行扩增则无相应片段产生;该PCR能检测出10个菌细胞.与常规PCR方法相比,aroA-PCR的敏感性更高.     

旋毛虫5日龄成虫期特异性基因片段的克隆及鉴定

利用差减抑制杂交(SSH)技术,以旋毛虫5日龄成虫的cDNA为试验方(tester),以肌幼虫+3日龄成虫的cDNA为驱动方(driver),制备5日龄成虫差减cDNA,并与pT-Adv载体相连接,转入大肠埃希氏菌TOP 10F.以试验方的差减cDNA PCR产物+未差减cDNA为试验方探针,以驱动方的差减cDNA PCR产物+未差减cDNA为驱动方探针,对5日龄成虫差减cDNA克隆进行初步筛选,对筛选到的阳性克隆进一步用southern blot进行鉴定,并对其测序,进行序列分析.结果表明,获得1个大小为464 bp的旋毛虫5日龄成虫期特异性cDNA片段,经BLAST软件分析表明,该序列是1个未见报道的旋毛虫基因序列片段,可能编码1种表皮胶原蛋白.这为旋毛虫5日龄成虫期特异性基因全长序列的钓取、分析及鉴定奠定了基础.     

历史主义的解释学问题

在19世纪,除了浪漫主义的解释学外,还有历史主义的解释学。它们之间的一个重要的联结点是解释学循环。除此之外,二者的密切关系在其师承和道统方面。布克、德罗伊森和狄尔泰三人的思想代表了西方19世纪下半叶解释学的一个重要的特点,那就是突出与人文科学的联系,这是以历史意识的逐步确立为中介的,但是他们,尤其是德罗伊森和狄尔泰最终都没能摆脱历史的局限。     

Adolescent Daughters’ Romantic Competence: The Role of Divorce,Quality of Parenting,and Maternal Romantic History

This study examined the links between parental divorce, quality of maternal parenting, spousal relationships and middle adolescent romantic competence in 80 mother-adolescent daughter pairs (40 divorced). Mothers were asked to describe their attitudes and behaviors with regard to their daughters’ romantic behavior. In addition, mothers were interviewed about their own romantic experiences when they were at the age of their daughters. Adolescent girls (mean age = 16.98 years; range 16–18) were administered a comprehensive interview about romantic competence. Findings indicated that adolescent girls from divorced families showed lower levels of romantic competence, which were expressed in their behavior, attitudes toward relationships and skill in handling those relationships. Divorce was found to have had an adverse effect on girls’ romantic competence, whereas continued adaptive parenting and spousal relationships alleviated the effect of divorce. Mothers’ coherent representation of their own adolescent romantic experiences also alleviated the effect of divorce on daughters’ romantic behavior. Results show the important role of family relationships in fostering romantic competence among adolescent girls.     

Developmental Associations Between Adolescent Change in Depressive Symptoms and Menstrual-Cycle-Phase-Specific Negative Affect During Early Adulthood

The causal factors associated with increases in depressive symptoms among adolescent girls remain an area of theoretical debate, and the limited research considering a hormonal influence has provided mixed results. The goal of the present study was to test a set of longitudinal associations, that, if found, would provide support for a hormonal contribution to these changes. Specifically, this study tested the hypotheses that changes in depressive symptoms among adolescent girls would be associated with phase-specific symptoms of the menstrual cycle during early adulthood; that these associations would differ across three phases of the menstrual cycle; and that the pattern of associations would differ for changes in depressive symptoms during early- and late-adolescence. The sample consisted of 47 women with longitudinal data from 12 to 21 years old (approximately 91% European Canadian, 4% Middle Eastern Canadian, 2% Haitian Canadian, and 2% Asian Canadian). Consistent with expectations, results showed that early-adolescent increases in depressive symptoms were negatively associated with menstrual-phase negative affect, and positively associated with mid-cycle negative affect, but not associated with premenstrual negative affect; whereas late-adolescent change in depressive symptoms was only associated with depressive symptoms at 20-21 years. Thus, early-adolescent changes in depressive symptoms are longitudinally associated with later mood change across the menstrual cycle, suggesting a common underlying cause, which is hypothesized to be hormonal. Moreover, results suggest that, with respect to variables that are involved in affective development, important differences exist between early- and late-adolescence. The discussion considers menstrual-cycle-related symptoms (e.g., dysmenorrhea) during adolescence, and the need to study their effects on development. It is suggested that focused intervention and prevention efforts may be indicated to interrupt negative developmental outcomes.     

苏维埃俄国的计划经济(续)

正第三章五年计划下的经济发展与经济政策①第一节苏维埃经济彻底社会主义化的历程起初,国外并没有把五年计划当回事,仅将其当作一种宣传,意在激励人们工作。这种怀疑论走得太远了;当计划的内容在苏维埃俄国大多得以落实时,怀疑让位于震惊,在某些圈子里,及至痴迷。然而,彻底的怀疑与过度的痴迷一样,都是非理性的。但是,怀疑论者有一点是对的:一眼就能看出,计划的巨额投资并没有带来一般生活水准的同步改善。同时,不要忘记,掌控所有资源、以     

Relationships Between Family Connectedness and Body Satisfaction: A Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Girls and Boys

The present study examined the longitudinal links between perceptions of family connectedness and body satisfaction in 1,774 (52% female) adolescents. Participants (10–15 years of age at Time 1) completed self-report measures at three measurement occasions separated by 1 year each. Mean group difference results showed that both body satisfaction levels and perceived levels of family connectedness decreased over 2 years for the whole sample. As expected, girls were generally less satisfied with their bodies than boys, particularly in the older cohort. Structural equation modelling was used to assess stability coefficients and cross-lagged effects, and longitudinal bidirectional effects between perceptions of family connectedness and body satisfaction were found for girls, but not for boys. This result suggests that adolescent girls’ body satisfaction is both affected by and a predictor of perceived family connectedness.