马克思主义与中国传统文化“会通”中的主体问题

马克思主义与中国传统文化的关系是重大的理论问题.在马克思诞辰200周年、马克思主义在中国真正传播开来逾百年之际,有必要深化认识马克思主义与中国传统文化的“会通”现象和问题.“会通说”是三十多年来马克思主义中国化“文化之谜”的主要解答模式,有合理性,也有局限性.从内在机理上看,“会通说”对马克思主义中国化的文化解谜是不彻底的,文化客体间的“会通”只是基础,文化主体的“接受”才是关键.从文化观角度看,立足于狭义文化观立场的“会通说”,并不能完整系统地反映和建构马克思主义中国化的文化逻辑.从广义即马克思主义文化观可见,由文化的“会通”进到实践的“结合”,是马克思主义与中国传统文化矛盾运动展开的两个基本环节,构成了马克思主义中国化文化逻辑的主客体辩证法.“主体接受论”是对“会通说”的合理继承和深化,它更全面完整地展现了马克思主义中国化的历史辩证法.     

Limits of regulatory responsiveness: Democratic credentials of responsive regulation

Responsiveness and accountability constitute the process of democratic representation, reinforcing each other. Responsiveness asks elected representatives to adopt policies ex ante preferred by citizens, while accountability consists of the people's ex post sanctioning of the representatives based on policy outcomes. However, the regulatory literature tends to interpret responsiveness narrowly between a regulator and regulatees: the regulator is responsive to regulatees’ compliance without considering broader public needs and preferences. Democratic regulatory responsiveness requires that the regulator should be responsive to the people, not just regulatees. We address this theoretical gap by pointing out the perils of regulatory capture and advancing John Braithwaite's idea of tripartism as a remedy. We draw out two conditions of democratic regulatory responsiveness from Philip Selznick – comprehensiveness and proactiveness. We then propose overlapping networked responsiveness based on indirect reciprocity among various stakeholders. This mechanism is the key to connecting regulatory responsiveness with accountability.     

Deeper Commitment to Human Rights Treaties: Signaling and Investment Risk Perception

Why do some leaders make deeper commitments to human rights treaties (HRAs) by consenting to receive extra monitoring of complaints or communications from individual citizens? Extant theory suggests leaders join HRAs for tangible benefits. However, empirical support for this argument is mixed. To address this mismatch, we approach this question from a different angle. We argue that by ratifying HRAs, leaders send a signal that they are reliable partners who value future returns. Accepting optional articles and protocols that increase monitoring of the state’s human rights behavior, without changing the state’s substantive obligations, helps better signal that the regime does not fear instability nor sees the need to resort to the proscribed abuses in the future. This, in turn, serves as an important middle step to recognizing tangible benefits, such as foreign direct investment, by improving investors’ risk perception of ratified countries.     

政治效能感、政府信任与政府网站公民参与行为 ——基于重庆、武汉与天津三地居民调查数据的实证研究

政治效能感、政府信任对公民政治行为的影响效应与作用机理是政治学与社会学研究的重要议题.政府网站的普及应用为公民参与公共决策提供了新的契机,但迄今仍缺乏关于政治效能、政府信任对政府网站公民参与行为影响效应的实证研究.以重庆、武汉与天津三个城市(区)的普通公众为调研对象,通过结构方程模型分析政治效能、政府信任对公民在线参与行为的影响效应与作用机理.分析结果表明:政府信任、内在效能感、回应性能够直接促进政府网站公民参与行为,其中回应性的作用最为重要.政府信任在内在效能感、外在效能感与参与行为的影响关系中呈现出部分中介作用,而对认知度与参与行为的影响关系则具有完全的中介作用.此外,外在效能感、认知度、回应性能够显著增强公民的内在效能感.内在效能感在外在效能感对参与行为的积极影响中发挥着部分中介效应作用.     

石原现象及其成因分析

石原现象是日本国内政治环境整体"右倾化"的具体表象之一,以其所代表的右翼势力为主要依托,其主要特点是思想上体现右倾与民族主义情结,行为上进行组织整合、企图问鼎国家政权,在政策主张上修宪、改变国家制度以及外交上的排外反华等;其产生与持续演化,受到日本的经济萧条、政党制度、社会思潮与日本文化的特性等诸多因素共同作用。石原现象不仅冲击了日本政局、毒化了日本社会,也严重损害了中日关系,必须引起重视与警惕。在安倍当政且日本第三极势力崛起后,注重研究石原现象是审视日本内政外交之间多元互动、应对日本在整个国际格局中非良性作用渗透的重要参照物。     

我国复杂产品系统自主创新研究

在比较优势逐渐丧失和存在发达国家压制的情况下,自主创新对于发展中国家技术追赶战略的实现至关重要.复杂产品系统在现代经济发展中发挥着重要作用,而我国复杂产品系统技术水平与发达国家相比差距较大,所以复杂产品系统的自主创新成为理论和实践中关注的焦点.通过研究发现:引进消化吸收再创新是发展中国家技术能力发展的一般轨迹,我国复杂产品系统自主创新的实现也应遵循这一路径;由于我国作为创新主体的企业大多存在技术、资本等各种资源相对匮乏和复杂产品系统涉及技术领域多、开发规模大、创新风险高等特性的问题,合作创新网络就成为我国复杂产品系统自主创新的最佳组织形式;面临发达国家的技术封锁策略,我国复杂产品系统自主创新依赖于国内技术集成创新来实现.我国干熄焦技术装置自主创新的实践验证了以上观点.     

病毒性出血败血症病毒实时荧光RT-RPA恒温检测方法的建立

为建立一种简单、快速的病毒性出血败血症病毒(VHSV)检测方法,本研究通过比较分析VHSV N基因的保守序列,设计了多对引物和一条探针。经过筛选优化,建立了实时荧光RT-RPA检测方法。该方法在39℃恒温反应20 min即可快速、特异性地检测出VHSV,与其他水生动物病毒不发生交叉反应,该方法检测限为1.83×10^3PFU/mL,利用本研究方法对30份鲑鳟鱼临床样品以及9份鱼类疫病病原样品进行检测,检测结果与荧光定量PCR方法结果一致。上述结果表明,本研究建立的检测方法操作简单,反应灵敏,结果可靠,仪器依赖性低,适用于现场对VHSV快速检测。     

The Butterfly Effect and the Making of 'Ping-Pong Diplomacy'

With the aid of the 'butterfly effect' theory, this article investigates the role of ordinary individuals, both Chinese and American, in the formulation, implementation and promotion of 'Ping Pong Diplomacy', which brought about the US‐China rapprochement in the early 1970s. Through examining the twists and turns in the process of 'Ping Pong Diplomacy' making, this study intends to bring one's attention to a number of seemingly less significant historical episodes and their long-term impact on US‐China relations. Like small butterflies whose spontaneous actions can generate unexpected climatic changes, the various individuals in this study, including players and officials of the table-tennis teams, low-ranking diplomats and journalists, played an indispensable part in bringing forth a dramatic transformation in US‐China relations, which in turn altered the Cold War climate in general.     

幼建鲤肌醇缺乏的病理组织学观察及抗氧化能力和肠道茵群变化

将300尾健康幼建鲤随机分为2组,分别饲喂肌醇含量为163.5 mg/kg(缺乏组)和535.8 mg/kg(对照组)的饲粮,研究了肌醇缺乏对幼建鲤组织器官病理学及抗氧化能力和肠道菌群的影响.结果显示,肌醇缺乏引起幼建鲤皮肤和鳍条糜烂,出现肠绒毛变短和失去正常结构、脾和头肾含铁血黄素沉积、后肾肾小管变形、胰腺酶原颗粒减少、肝细胞空泡变性等病理学改变;抗氧化酶活性和自由基清除能力降低,氧化产物增加(P＜0.05);肠道嗜水气单胞菌增加,乳酸菌减少(P＜0.05).表明,肌醇缺乏会造成水生动物组织器官不同程度的病理损伤、抗氧化能力下降和肠道菌群改变.     

海盗与海上武装抢劫犯罪的统计和分析（2000-2010）

海盗和海上武装抢劫犯罪是当前重要的非传统安全威胁之一,对国际航运产生了消极影响并造成了相当大的损失。大多数学者在论及海盗和海上武装抢劫犯罪时既没有区分二者的不同,也没有交代这些案件的详细情况。本文根据《联合国海洋法公约》和国际海事组织提供的相关资料,指出海盗和海上武装抢劫犯罪之间存在着本质区别,重点分析2000-2010年海盗和海上武装抢劫的特点、变化趋势及其原因。